题目内容

15.Optimism May Help People Live Longer
People who have an optimistic view on life are more likely to live longer,a US study said Wednesday.
The study,published in the American Journal of Epidemiology,analyzed data from 2004to 2012from 70,000women enrolled in the Nurses'Health Study,a long-running US study tracking women's health via surveys every two years.
The researchers looked at participants'levels of optimism and other factors that might play a role in how optimism may affect mortality risk,such as race,high blood pressure,diet,and physical activity.
It found the most optimistic women,or the top 25%,had a nearly 30 percent lower risk of dying from any of the diseases analyzed in the study compared with the least optimistic women,or the bottom 25%.
The most optimistic women had a 16 percent lower risk of dying from cancer;38 percent lower risk of dying from heart disease;39 percent lower risk of dying from stroke;38 percent lower risk of dying from respiratory disease;and 52 percent lower risk of dying from infection.
Previous studies have linked optimism with reduced risk of early death from cardiovascular(心脑血管的)problems,but this was the first to find a link between optimism and reduced risk from other major causes.
"While most medical and public health efforts today focus on reducing risk factors for diseases,evidence has been mounting that enhancing psychological resilience (弹性,复原力) may also make a difference,"said Eric Kim,research fellow at the Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health and co-lead author of the study.
"Our new findings suggest that we should make efforts to boost optimism,which has been shown to be associated with healthier behaviors and healthier ways of coping with life challenges."
The study also found that healthy behaviors only partially explain the link between optimism and reduced mortality risk.One other possibility is that higher optimism directly affects our biological systems,Kim said.
Co-lead author and postdoctoral research fellow Kaitlin Hagan said optimism can be varied with relatively uncomplicated and low-cost interventions (干预),even things as simple as having people write down and think about the best possible outcomes for various areas of their lives,such as careers or friendships.
"Encouraging use of these interventions could be an innovative way to enhance health in the future,"Hagan said.

63.According to the recent study,optimism canB.
A.help women live longer than men
B.enable people to stay healthy
C.cure people of high blood pressure
D.make woman stay young and nice
64.From the recent study,the optimistic womenB.
A.took the risk of dying from infection
B.were less likely to die from some disease
C.had a 39% lower risk of suffering from cancer
D.were less likely to suffer from low emotions
65.The underlined word"mounting"in paragraph 7might be best placed byA.
A.increasing     B.appearing       C.doubling     D.showing
66.Both Kim and Hagan believed thatC.
A.simple but high-cost interventions should be tried out
B.higher optimism indirectly influences our body
C.optimism should be encouraged and developed
D.optimism can help people meet all kinds of challenges.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了乐观可能有助于人们长寿,鼓励人们要保持乐观.

解答 63.B.细节理解题.根据第一段People who have an optimistic view on life are more likely to live longer,a US study said Wednesday可知研究表明乐观使人更健康;故选B.
64.B.细节理解题.根据第三段The researchers looked at participants'levels of optimism and other factors that might play a role in how optimism may affect mortality risk,such as race,high blood pressure,diet,and physical activity可知从最近的研究来看,乐观的女性疾病死亡率较低;故选B.
65.A.词义猜测题.根据文章While most medical and public health efforts today focus on reducing risk factors for diseases,evidence has been mounting that enhancing psychological resilience (弹性,复原力) may also make a difference可知虽然疾病降低风险因素大部分医疗和公共卫生的努力是今天的焦点,但不断有证据表明,提高心理弹性(弹性,复原力)也可以有所作为;意为提高;故选A.
66.C.细节理解题.根据最后一段Encouraging use of these interventions could be an innovative way to enhance health in the future,"Hagan said可知基姆和Hagan认为要鼓励人们变得乐观;故选C.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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William doesn't exist,and none of this is real.But it might be soon."In five to ten years,computing and communications are going to be free and everywhere,in your walls,in your car,on your body,'says Victor Zue,leader of Project Oxygen.
Project Oxygen has one big idea:to create better relationships between machines and people.The dream is that computer will learn to understand what people want.
So,what changes will there be at work?Firstly,the building will know where everyone is,all the time.You want to talk to someone?Type the person's name on the nearest computer.It will show you a map of the building and exactly where this person is.You then call this person,who picks up the nearest telephone,also shown on the computer.If he or she is busy with a client(客户)or in a meeting,the computer will tell you.
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B.he doesn't need a passport in that airport
C.his information can be read by a machine
D.only a man from foreign country needs to show his passport
41.The computer chip in William's arm contains his information exceptD.
A.his name             B.his age
C.his I.D.number        D.his job
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A.show you where the person is you are calling
B.let you pick up the nearest telephone
C.learn to understand what people want
D.show you a map of every building
43.In the Siebel Center,Illinois,B.
A.computers are everywhere
B.the technology of the future is there today
C.there are cameras in the doors and walls
D.the future technology will be there in 5-10 years.
3.Dear Cutie-Pie,
Recently,your mother and I were searching for an answer on Google.Half way through entering the question,Google returned a list of the most popular searches in the world.At the top of the list was"How to keep him interested."
It surprised me a lot.I scanned several of the countless articles about how to be sexy and sexual,when to bring him a beer versus a sandwich,and the ways to make him feel smart and superior.
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Little One,it is not,has never been,and never will be your job to"keep him interested."
Little One,your only task is to know deeply in your soul-in that unshakeable place that isn't upset by rejection and loss-that you are worthy of interest.
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Daddy
56.What shocked Daddy when he was surfing on the Internet?B
A.Girls'knowing nothing about trusting themselves.
B.Girls'giving priority to finding ways to please boys.
C.Girls'bringing foods and drinks to boys from time to time.
D.Girls'being upset by being rejected constantly.
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A.keep the boy interested
B.know she deserves a boy's interest
C.attract a boy willing to invest all in her
D.find a boy who can please her
58.According to the passage,what does the underlined word"revel"mean?D
A.feel depressed
B.become puzzled
C.look around
D.enjoy himself
59.What's the main purpose of this letter?A
A.To advise his daughter to trust her worth.
B.To inform his daughter how to keep others interested.
C.To show his daughter how to find her true love.
D.To help his daughter find someone with common interests.
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41.A.andB.yetC.soD.for
42.A.opinionB.impressionC.informationD.intention
43.A.makeB.keepC.handleD.change
44.A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing
45.A.questionsB.commentsC.explanationsD.remarks
46.A.holdB.followC.evaluateD.form
47.A.happyB.livelyC.reliableD.punctual
48.A.messageB.mottoC.sayingD.suggestion
49.A.againB.moreC.insteadD.later
50.A.stepsB.controlC.chargeD.risks
51.A.improvedB.actedC.lookedD.reflected
52.A.easilyB.carefullyC.confidentlyD.proudly
53.A.introducedB.recognizedC.identifiedD.considered
54.A.confirmedB.decidedC.realizedD.acknowledged
55.A.withB.belowC.ofD.by
56.A.developedB.discoveredC.tookD.fostered
57.A.acceptB.careC.judgeD.wonder
58.A.boredB.lazyC.sadD.afraid
59.A.trustB.patienceC.curiosityD.interest
60.A.accessibleB.enjoyableC.possibleD.favorable
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       David Nicholls,who helped provide money for the breakthrough,said information about the breakthrough would be made available to researchers across the globe.
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A.The nervous system in the nose can repair itself.
B.Cells in the nose can be easily transplanted.
C.Cells in the nose re-produce rapidly.
D.He just wanted to give it a try.
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B.The nerves from his ankle helped cure the injury.
C.The nervous system in the spinal cord can repair itself.
D.The nasal cells helped the spinal nerves to repair themselves.
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B.His operation on a paralysed patient.
C.His sudden thoughts about Christmas.
D.His unusual experience with a sick rat.
31.David Nicholls'words suggest thatB.
A.the world is becoming better and brighter
B.paralysed people have the hope of recovery
C.the report of the breakthrough will be published soon
D.researchers across the globe will carry out the operation.

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