题目内容
15.Optimism May Help People Live LongerPeople who have an optimistic view on life are more likely to live longer,a US study said Wednesday.
The study,published in the American Journal of Epidemiology,analyzed data from 2004to 2012from 70,000women enrolled in the Nurses'Health Study,a long-running US study tracking women's health via surveys every two years.
The researchers looked at participants'levels of optimism and other factors that might play a role in how optimism may affect mortality risk,such as race,high blood pressure,diet,and physical activity.
It found the most optimistic women,or the top 25%,had a nearly 30 percent lower risk of dying from any of the diseases analyzed in the study compared with the least optimistic women,or the bottom 25%.
The most optimistic women had a 16 percent lower risk of dying from cancer;38 percent lower risk of dying from heart disease;39 percent lower risk of dying from stroke;38 percent lower risk of dying from respiratory disease;and 52 percent lower risk of dying from infection.
Previous studies have linked optimism with reduced risk of early death from cardiovascular(心脑血管的)problems,but this was the first to find a link between optimism and reduced risk from other major causes.
"While most medical and public health efforts today focus on reducing risk factors for diseases,evidence has been mounting that enhancing psychological resilience (弹性,复原力) may also make a difference,"said Eric Kim,research fellow at the Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health and co-lead author of the study.
"Our new findings suggest that we should make efforts to boost optimism,which has been shown to be associated with healthier behaviors and healthier ways of coping with life challenges."
The study also found that healthy behaviors only partially explain the link between optimism and reduced mortality risk.One other possibility is that higher optimism directly affects our biological systems,Kim said.
Co-lead author and postdoctoral research fellow Kaitlin Hagan said optimism can be varied with relatively uncomplicated and low-cost interventions (干预),even things as simple as having people write down and think about the best possible outcomes for various areas of their lives,such as careers or friendships.
"Encouraging use of these interventions could be an innovative way to enhance health in the future,"Hagan said.
63.According to the recent study,optimism canB.
A.help women live longer than men
B.enable people to stay healthy
C.cure people of high blood pressure
D.make woman stay young and nice
64.From the recent study,the optimistic womenB.
A.took the risk of dying from infection
B.were less likely to die from some disease
C.had a 39% lower risk of suffering from cancer
D.were less likely to suffer from low emotions
65.The underlined word"mounting"in paragraph 7might be best placed byA.
A.increasing B.appearing C.doubling D.showing
66.Both Kim and Hagan believed thatC.
A.simple but high-cost interventions should be tried out
B.higher optimism indirectly influences our body
C.optimism should be encouraged and developed
D.optimism can help people meet all kinds of challenges.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了乐观可能有助于人们长寿,鼓励人们要保持乐观.
解答 63.B.细节理解题.根据第一段People who have an optimistic view on life are more likely to live longer,a US study said Wednesday可知研究表明乐观使人更健康;故选B.
64.B.细节理解题.根据第三段The researchers looked at participants'levels of optimism and other factors that might play a role in how optimism may affect mortality risk,such as race,high blood pressure,diet,and physical activity可知从最近的研究来看,乐观的女性疾病死亡率较低;故选B.
65.A.词义猜测题.根据文章While most medical and public health efforts today focus on reducing risk factors for diseases,evidence has been mounting that enhancing psychological resilience (弹性,复原力) may also make a difference可知虽然疾病降低风险因素大部分医疗和公共卫生的努力是今天的焦点,但不断有证据表明,提高心理弹性(弹性,复原力)也可以有所作为;意为提高;故选A.
66.C.细节理解题.根据最后一段Encouraging use of these interventions could be an innovative way to enhance health in the future,"Hagan said可知基姆和Hagan认为要鼓励人们变得乐观;故选C.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
Mrs.Neidl would ask me for my (42)A.She wanted to know how I thought we should (43)Cthings.At first I had no idea how to answer because I knew (44)D about stage design!But I slowly began to respond to her (45)A.It was cause and effect:She believed I had opinions,so I began to (46)D them.She trusted me to complete things,so I completed them perfectly.She loved how (47)C I was,so I began to show up to paint more and more.She believed in me,so I began to believe in myself.
Mrs.Neidl's (48)B that year was,"Try it.We can always paint over it(49)D!"I began to take (50)D.I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was no failing--only things to be (51)Aupon.I learned to dip my brush into the paint and (52)C create something.
The shy,quiet freshman achieved success that year.I was (53)Bin the programs"Student Art Assistant"because of the time and effort I'd put in.It was that year that I (54)C I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing stage design.
Being on that stage-design team(55)A Mrs.Neidl changed me completely.Not only was I stronger and more competent than I had thought,but I also (56)Ba strong interest and a world I hadn't known existed.She taught me not to (57)B what people think I should do:She taught me to take chances and not be (58)D.Mrs.Neidl was my comforter when I was upset.Her (59)Ain me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined (60)C.
41.A.and | B.yet | C.so | D.for |
42.A.opinion | B.impression | C.information | D.intention |
43.A.make | B.keep | C.handle | D.change |
44.A.anything | B.something | C.everything | D.nothing |
45.A.questions | B.comments | C.explanations | D.remarks |
46.A.hold | B.follow | C.evaluate | D.form |
47.A.happy | B.lively | C.reliable | D.punctual |
48.A.message | B.motto | C.saying | D.suggestion |
49.A.again | B.more | C.instead | D.later |
50.A.steps | B.control | C.charge | D.risks |
51.A.improved | B.acted | C.looked | D.reflected |
52.A.easily | B.carefully | C.confidently | D.proudly |
53.A.introduced | B.recognized | C.identified | D.considered |
54.A.confirmed | B.decided | C.realized | D.acknowledged |
55.A.with | B.below | C.of | D.by |
56.A.developed | B.discovered | C.took | D.fostered |
57.A.accept | B.care | C.judge | D.wonder |
58.A.bored | B.lazy | C.sad | D.afraid |
59.A.trust | B.patience | C.curiosity | D.interest |
60.A.accessible | B.enjoyable | C.possible | D.favorable |
1 | Hardback|Paperback ﹩26.88|﹩15.77 | And the Truth Shall Be Told Mia de Laire www.authorhouse.com The author Mia de Laire writes an interesting tale of a young woman's coming-of-age in the 1950s.Centered on the life of Lara Laughton,the tale follows her experiences in love,heartbreak and self-discovery. |
2 | Hardback|Paperback|E-book ﹩35.77|﹩25.77|﹩3.99 | Generations of Betrayal: Lies,lies,and more lies NSLeumas www.trafford.com An edition of hidden research and truths from authoritative sources tied together with commentary from author NSLeumas,exposing certain personal beliefs as the lies they truly are.His point of view is independent of a great many authors'opinions and freedom of speech backs his ability to so present his points. |
3 | Hardback|Paperback|E-book ﹩41.99|﹩31.99|﹩3.99 | The Tale of Tumeleng Ms.Ryke Leigh Douglas www.xlibris.com After waiting two years,elephants Ayanna and Jabari proudly introduce their newborn daughter Tumeleng to their friends.But Tumeleng's very curious nature could lead her into dangerous situations.Will she learn to take her parents'warnings seriously?Find out! |
4 | Hardback|Paperback ﹩26.99|﹩19.99 | The Alphabet of Love Natalie Wood www.authorhouse.com The Alphabet of Love is a book stressing the importance of positive acknowledgement of children through the eyes of an adult-whether it is the parent,grandparent or friend; a double-edged resource for affective learning. |
A.And the Truth Shall Be Told.
B.Generations of Betrayal.
C.The Tale of Tumeleng.
D.The Alphabet of Love.
22.What can you find in the book by NSLeumas?B
A.The author's hidden research.
B.The author's unique opinions.
C.The author's important speeches.
D.The author's personal experiences.
23.Whose book deals with family educational matters?D
A.Mia de Laire's.
B.NSLeumas'.
C.Ms.Ryke Leigh Douglas'.
D.Natalie Wood's.
24.What do Book 1and Book 3 have in common?A
A.You can read nice stories in them.
B.They're both intended for children.
C.You can download e-books of them.
D.They're available on the same website.