题目内容

Five people are talking about tipping in a restaurant.

Richard:

A tip is a “thank you,” but in truth, a tip is payment for service. 20% is a standard tip. Servers deserve it for their hard work. Tips make up about 97% of a server’s total income. 1.So, before servers are paid to living wage, tip 20%.

Daniel:

Why should I pay the difference between what the restaurant is willing to pay the employee and what an acceptable wage is? I do pay 20%, but I hate it. How about miners, construction workers, resident doctors, etc? 2.

Kate:

I’ve always viewed tipping as a way of saying “thank you” to the one who serves me. I tip according to the quality of service. The better the service, the higher the tip. 3.Much like the harder teachers in school, I never give an easy “A”.

Patricia:

18-20%for good service is today’s standard. The restaurant and its employees are too polite to tell you this or to put it on their menus, but that is their expectation and you need to understand that. 4.To do otherwise is to be openly rude.

Michael:

Tipping has gotten out of control. I always had thought it was 15%, and now suddenly servers have made it 20%. I tip 15%, and that’s it. Interesting to be told, “If you can’t afford to tip 20%, then you should eat at home.” 5.

A. Do they get tipped?

B. Those tips are needed for survival

C. I believe it is good manners to respect this

D. If you disagree, why not eat elsewhere?

E. Unless the service is perfect, I never tip more than 10% of the bill

F. Restaurants will never pay more unless they are forced to do so by new laws.

G. If all those people stayed away, the restaurant would not even be in business.

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One of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend. "One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states." said Neville Alexander, Director of the Project for the Study of Alternative Education in South Africa at the University of Cape Town.

In response to the spread of English and the increased multi-language trends arising from immigration, many countries have introduced language laws in the last decade. In some, the use of languages other than the national language is banned in public spaces such as advertising posters. One of the first such legal provisions(规定) was the 1994 "Toubon law" in France, and the idea has been copied in many countries since then. Such efforts to govern language use are often considered as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficulty in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process.

It is especially difficult for native speakers of English to understand the desire to maintain the "purity" of a language by law. Since the time of Shakespeare, English has continually absorbed foreign words into its own language. English is one of the most mixed and rapidly changing languages in the world, but that has not been a barrier to acquiring superiority and power. Another reason for the failure of many native English speakers to understand the role of the state regulation is that it has never been the Anglo-Saxon way of doing things. English has never had a state-controlled authority for the language, similar, for example, to the Academic Francaise in France.

The need to protect national languages is, for most western Europeans, a recent phenomenon-------especially the need to ensure that English does not unnecessarily take over too many fields. Public communication, education and new ways of communication promoted by technology, may be key fields to defend.

1.Neville Alexander believes that __________.

A. mother-tongue education is not practiced in all African countries

B. globalization has resulted in the economic failure of Africa

C. globalization has led to the rise of multi-language trend

D. lack of mother-tongue education can lead to economic failure

2.The underlined word "futile" (in paragraph 2) most probably means " ___________".

A. workable B. practical

C. useless D. unnecessary

3.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. English has taken over fields like public communication and education.

B. Many aspects of national culture are threatened by the spread of English.

C. Most language experts believe it is important to promote a national language.

D. Europeans have long realized the need to protect a national language.

4.The best title for the passage is __________.

A. Fighting against the rule of English

B. Protecting local languages and identities

C. Globalization and multi-language trend

D. To maintain the purity of language by law

The 87th Academy Award nominations(提名)were announced on Jan 15,and The Grand Budapest Hotel stood out as a favorite with nine nominations, including Best Picture. Check out some other Best Picture nominees to see if you missed any of last year's top Hollywood films.

The Imitation Game

This historical thriller is about British computer scientist, Alan Turing (Benedict Cumberbatch), the father of artificial intelligence. At the start of World War Ⅱ, Turing was asked to join a select team of mathematical geniuses to decode(解码)the system the Nazis used to send military messages. Besides the actual breaking of the code, Cumberbatch's portrayal(扮演)of Turing's personality, a mixture of decency(正派)and shyness, is also a highlight of the movie.

Birdman

This dark comedy film is about how Riggan Thomson, a faded star once famous for his superhero roles, struggles to regain fame. American actor Michael Keaton, 63, who has a similar experience to Thomson's, plays the leading role.

Selma

A stellar cast(主要演员) including talk show queen Oprah Winfrey may be one reason to see Selma. But that the film focuses on Martin Luther King Jr.'s struggle for civil rights also makes it worth viewing. Based on the 1965 Selma to Montgomery voting rights marches, the film is a chronicle(编年史) of King's(David Oyelowo) campaign for political rights for African-American people.

The Theory of Everything

We know English theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking for his significant scientific discoveries, especially his black hole theories. This biographical film reveals the scientist's (played by Eddie Redmayne) secret romantic relationship with Jane Hawking (Felicity Jones), whom he meets and falls in love with at Cambridge and who later becomes his first wife.

Boyhood

American Director Richard Linklater did an experiment in this film, using the same cast for l2 years to record a boy's growth. In two and a half hours, we see Mason, a Texas boy from a divorced family, grow from 6-year-old boy to a freshman in college.

1.How many Best Picture nominees are mentioned in the text?

A. Five. B. Six.

C. Eight. D. Nine.

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

A. Michael Keaton became famous overnight after starring in the movie Birdman.

B. Alan Turing is a talented and outgoing man in The Imitation Game.

C. Selma is the story of Martin Luther King Jr.'s fight for voting rights for African-Americans.

D. The Theory of Everything is about how Stephen Hawking discovered his black hole theories.

3.What is the main purpose of the text?

A. To analyze why these films were nominated for the 87th Academy Awards.

B. To give a brief introduction to the 87th Academy Award nominees.

C. To list some of the best nominees in the Academy Awards' history.

D. To prove that the Academy Award nominees cover a broad range of topics.

The Come-back Coffeehouse

The sign in the window read "Carl's Coffee Shoppe," spelled the old-fashioned way. Hallie shook her head and wondered how many times she had suggested an alternative. She entered the shop and saw only one person.

"I could help with the books, Dad",Hallie offered, "There's not much you could do." Her father signed. "How about if you clean the counters instead?" His statement made her feel like a little girl instead of a senior in high school. Hallie sprayed some cleanser and ran a cloth over the worn countertops, After she had washed a few of the old eggshell-colored cups, she began her homework. At closing time, Hallie's parents sat beside her. "You know the shop has not been profitable lately," Mr. Rhodes began. "We need to decide if it is even worth keeping it open." "We're going to visit Uncle Harold over spring vacation." Mrs, Rhodes continued. "He can look over the books and tell us what our options are. You and Aunt Tess will run the shop for the week."

By spring vacation Hallie was ready for an adventure. Hllie's parents gave some instructions, and said good-bye. Hallie stared absently out the window at the passersby: young people on their way to work, and kids on their school vacation. They were not the same people that her grandpa Carl had served. Suddenly Hallie had an idea. She confided in Aunt Tess, who approved. The two eagerly set to work.

At the end of the week, Hallie was coming out from the kitchen when she saw her parents standing in the shop, confused. She smiled as her parents staredat the teens around the counter and the young families seated at the tables.

"Welcome back!" Hallie swept her arms to present the restaurant'scheerful new decoration. Bright, attractive coverings spread over the tables, and modern posters hung on the walls, while, colorful mismatched dishes contributed to the pleasant atmosphere."

I brought board games from home," Hallie added excitedly, "and the bookstore down the street donated the posters. When we talked to our friends about what we were doing, they were happy to give us some dishes." Hallieheld her breath as she waited for her parents' reaction.

"Everyone certainly seems to like the changes," noted Mrs. Rhodes.

"Speaking of changes," Mr. Rhodes said, "I see our name has changed, too."

"Do you mind? I changed our name to 'Come-Back Coffeehouse' to make the shop sound welcoming, as in 'Please come back again'..."

A smile spread across her father's face. “The new name is fitting.” Thanks to you, this place certainly has made a comeback!"

1.What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?

A. Hallie trusted Aunt Tess very much.

B. Hallie took charge of the books for her parents.

C. Hallie's parents didn't take her opinions seriously.

D. Hallie's parents didn't count on the shop for a living.

2.What do we learn about "Carl's Coffee Shoppe"?

A. It is behind the times.

B. It has regular customers.

C. It is located on a quiet street.

D. It follows family traditions well.

3.What did Hallie do after her parents left?

A. She advertised for the shop.

B. She made the shop more attractive.

C. She invited her friends to the shop.

D. She turned the shop into an activity center.

4.What kind of girl in Hallie?

A. Smart and helpful. B. Modest and out-going.

C. Optimistic and generous. D. Faithful and hardworking.

A new study, conducted by British company Mindlab International, has found that listening to music at work increases accuracy and speed, The Telegraph reported. Perhaps, some parents disagree with this idea, saying, "Switch off the music and concentrate!" Well, if that's the case with your parents, you might now be able to convince them that you have science on your side.

The company gave 26 participants a series of different tasks for five days in a row, including spell checking, mathematical word problems, data entry, and abstract reasoning. The participants completed these tasks while listening to music or no music at all.

The results showed that while music was playing, 88% of participants produced their most accurate test results and 81% completed their fastest work. David Lewis, chairman of Mindlab International, told The Telegraph, "Music is a very powerful management tool if you want to increase not only the efficiency of your workforce but also their emotional state... they are going to become more positive about the work."

However, you may have a list of your favorite songs, but not all kinds of music match all homework. For maths or other subjects involving numbers or attention to detail, you should listen to classical music, the study found. In the study, pop music enabled participants to complete their tasks 58% faster than when listening to no music at all. If you are reviewing your English writing, pop music is the best choice, as it is the best kind for spell checking. It cut mistakes by 14%, compared to listening to no music. After finishing your homework, do you often take time to check your answers? Maybe, some dance music is suitable for you.

1.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. Music helps us to learn

B. We cannot live without music

C. Different music, different lives

D. Music in the classroom.

2.What did the participants have to do in the study?

A. Persuade their parents to listen to music.

B. Listen to the same music together.

C. Try their best to choose the most suitable music.

D. Finish tasks with music or without music at all.

3.What does the underlined word "they" refer to in Para 3?

A. tools B. results

C. tests D. participants

4.When you review your English writing, what kind of music is the best choice?

A. Classical music B. Dance music

C. Pop music D. Rock music

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