Question

【题目】Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one of life’s essentials. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.

But for many people the thought of food as first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures are available, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast increased by 33 percent-from 8.8 million to 11.7 million-according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America.

For those who feel pain or guilt about not earing breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with not taking breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect performance,” said Arnold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition（营养）at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor doe giving people breakfast improve performance.”

Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not adults. “The literature,” says one researcher, Dr. Ernesto Pollitt at the University of Texas, “is poor.”

【1】For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that ______.

A. the missing of breakfast does no harm to one’s health.

B. several studies have been done in the past few years.

C. adults have especially made studies in this field.

D. eating little in the morning is good for health.

【2】The underlined sentence “…nor doe giving people breakfast improve performance” in the 3rd paragraph means ______.

A. anyone without breakfast does improve his performance.

B. not giving people breakfast improves performance.

C. people having breakfast do improve their performances, too.

D. having breakfast does not improve performance, either.

【3】The word “literature” in the last sentence refers to ______.

A. stories, poems, plays, etc.

B. written works on particular subject.

C. any printed material.

D. the modern literature of America.

【4】What is suggested but NOT STATED by the author is that ______.

A. breakfast does not affect performance.

B. Dr. Pollitt is engaged in research work at an institution of higher learning.

C. not eating breakfast might affect the health of children.

D. Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in London.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】本文是关于一场讨论，不吃早饭究竟对人有没有影响。以前的研究认为有很大的影响，而最近的研究则认为影响不是很大。

【1】A推理题。根据第三段2,3行for grown-ups especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect work说明不吃早饭对人们的影响不大。故A项内容正确。

【2】D推理题。根据“Going without breakfast does not affect work,” said Arnold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve work.” 说明说明他们认为不吃早饭不会影响工作，吃了早饭也改善不了工作，故D项正确。

【3】B 推理题。根据文章最后一段可知这里的“The literature”在指以前的所写认为不吃早饭有很害的作品。故选B。

【4】C 推理题。根据最后一段and most of the recent work involves children, not grown-ups.说明该研究涉及的是成年人，而不是儿童，故不吃早饭可能对儿童有较大的影响，故C项正确。

本文是关于一场讨论，不吃早饭究竟对人有没有影响。以前的研究认为有很大的影响，而最近的研究则认为影响不是很大。考查推理题为主，解此类题需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。