题目内容

1.accuse … of___________________

2.be eager to___________________

3.a variety of___________________

4.ahead of___________________

5.speed up___________________

6.集中；全神贯注于___________________

7.榨出；挤出___________________

8.申请___________________

9.区别对待；有影响；起作用___________________

10.依赖；依靠___________________

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随着经济的发展，越来越多的家庭拥有小汽车，因此，放学时，家长接学生的车辆总会导致校门口的交通过度拥挤，学校对此非常苦恼。假如你是高三年级的学生李津，请给张校长写一封信，分析一下该现象产生的原因以及潜在的危险，并提出你的建议：

1.鼓励同学们坐公交车或者选择共享单车上学；环保便捷；

2.提醒家长有序停车；

3.各年级可以分时间放学。

注意：词数100左右；开头已给出，不计入词数。（共享单车Bicycle-sharing）

Mr. Zhang,

I’m writing to you to share my opinions about the problem of heavy traffic every day after school at our gate.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Jin

Yuoki, a restaurant in Germany, is not your everyday all-you-can-eat buffet (自助餐）. For starters, there isn't an actual buffet to fill your plate. Instead, customers are seated at a table and provided with iPads which they can use to order up to five small dishes every ten minutes. They can eat as much as they want for 120 minutes, but having the food served at short intervals (间隔) allows diners to constantly assess how hungry they are and order accordingly, preventing food waste. Also, the owner, Luan Guoyu, believes, “our eyes are bigger than our stomach”, so not being able to see the cooked food at the buffet prevents people from ordering more food than they can actually eat.

But Luan Guoyu's most effective way of fighting food waste, and the one that has attracted media attention, is his ?1 ($1.15) fine for food still left on the plate. “It’s called ‘ all-you-can-eat’ ” he says, adding that the extra charge is not meant to increase his income, but to act as a warning against wasting food.

Luan Guoyu's system is unique in the state of Baden-Wurttemberg, but not in Germany. Okinii, a Japanese-style restaurant in Dusseldorf, has also been charging customer, the same ? 1 tax for unfinished food on their plates since 2013.

With so many people living on the edge of their nations, and food waste becoming a serious problem in developed countries, it will be interesting to see if more restaurants will start carrying out the “eat up or pay up” policy. Even if they give the money from this fine to charity, it would still help them to save money in dealing with waste, so it's a win for everyone.

1.What does the underlined word “assess” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. Doubt. B. Realize.

C. Judge. D. Compare.

2.What will Luan Guoyu do when people can’t finish the food on their plates?

A. He will charge them extra money.

B. He will advise them to eat up the food.

C. He will ask them to take the food away.

D. He will warn them to order less food next time.

3.What is the text mainly about?

A. Various German restaurants.

B. The seriousness of food waste.

C. Secrets of managing a restaurant.

D. Special ways to fight food waste.

4.What does the author think of the “eat up or pay up” policy?

A. Unfair. B. Funny.

C. Reasonable. D. Doubtful.

Teens For Planet Earth

This is a social networking site for teenagers who want to get involved in protecting our planet. They can connect with other green-minded teens, choose a project or create their own. Teens For Planet Earth encourages young folks to get busy in their own communities. They offer guidance on local projects with categories such as habitats, animals, water and education. Awards are given to active members.

Meez

At Meez, teens can create their own avatars(头像), rooms and virtual pets. It is a social community of creative people that combines avatars, virtual worlds and games. Meez offers contests and chat as well as homework help, a fashion central and a writers’ corner. A chat area for younger teens is available. Other areas are music, geek（极客）central, art and sports.

Cyberteens

Cyberteens is another cool site that celebrates the teen years. Here teenagers can find community, games, and news. There is a link called “creativity” where teens can share their poems, stories, photos and artwork. The “cool links” section offers a huge variety of options to the curious teens. This site also has surveys and helps with jobs and school work.

Student.com

Student.com is a resource site for teens and high school students. Its social network has over 900,000 members. Members earn points to win prizes just by browsing and they offer several multi-player games. Points are used to buy items at auction(拍卖会). Student.com is filled with useful information and articles.

1.What is Teens For Planet Earth aimed to?

A. Set up a project.

B. Give awards to teens.

C. Get young folks busy.

D. Give advice on local projects.

2.Which website offers assistance in jobs?

A. Teens For Planet Earth. B. Meez. C. Cyberteens. D. Student.com.

3.What makes Student.com special among these websites?

A. It has the most members.

B. Teens can read articles on it.

C. It offers help on school work.

D. Teens can make purchases on it.

4.What can we infer about the websites mentioned in the text?

A. They provide game platforms.

B. They benefit teens in their social life.

C. They award outstanding teens.

D. They offer various study guidance.

Everyone needs friends. There is an old saying, "Friends are God's way of taking care of us." But how do you find real friendship and keep it?

The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some smart ways to find friends. Sally says finding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed and take care of it to make it grow.

First, you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It is not because a person has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient. For example, if you have a bad day, a good friend should listen to your complaints and do his or her best to help. To make a friend, you cannot be too shy. You should make each other happy and share your lives.

But things cannot always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You have to talk to him or her. When there is no one around, have an honest talk. If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter.

There are three steps to being friends again: Tell him or her how you are feeling; say what your friend has done wrong, and explain why you did this or that. Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life.

1.Sally wants to tell students the ways to ________.

A. find friends B. plant trees

C. get happy D. keep fit

2.What makes good friends?

A. A good friend should be lovely and cool.

B. A good friend should be kind and patient.

C. A good friend should have lots of money.

D. A good friend should have good looks.

3.According to the text, you can ________ your friend after a fight.

A. buy a present for B. never say a word to

C. have dinner with D. write a letter to

4.What is the best title of the text?

A. The development and maintenance of friendship

B. The good friends around you

C. The trouble of growing up

D. The keeping of friendship

Australia is the smallest continent in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is on the Southern Hemisphere of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is small. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai.

Enough laws have been made to fight against pollution. The cities in Australia have little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish in the rivers. Plants grow very well.

Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flower exhibition. There we saw large numbers of wild flowers on show, most of which we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. Every year in spring Perth has a wild flower exhibition. After visiting Perth, we spent a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves very much. When we heard bells ringing at the top of the hills, we looked up, but what we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to our car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us along the path.

Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos. After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself among the white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere you can see sheep.

1.Which country is the writer most possibly from?

A. Japan B. Canada

C. China D. America

2.We can learn from the passage that _________.

A. Australia is the smallest country in the world

B. Australia is the same size of Shanghai.

C. Australia is in the northern part of the earth.

D. The people in Australia are as many as those in Shanghai.

3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Australia has enough laws to fight against pollution.

B. Perth is the biggest city in Australia.

C. The wild flowers in Perth must be different from what the author sees in his/her country.

D. The author enjoyed his/her visit in the country.

Aging brings wrinkles, sagging bodies and frustrating forgetfulness. But getting older is not all bad for many people. Mounting evidence suggests aging may be a key to happiness. There is conflicting research on the subject, however, and experts say it may all boil down to this: Attitude is everything.

Older adults tend to be more optimistic and have a more positive outlook on life than their younger and stressed opposites. The big question is why seniors are happier. A recent study suggests one reason: Older adults remember the past through happy memories. Aging can bring more cheer as people become more comfortable with themselves and their roles in society. The older adults said they were enjoying more time with their family, spending more time on hobbies and having greater financial security and did not have to work.

But others are doubtful about the link between happiness and growing older.

"The notion that those in old age are happiest is misleading," said Richard Easterlin, a professor of economics at the University of Southern California. "It is based on comparing people of different ages who are the same in terms of income, health, family life." Easterlin added, "When you take account of the fact that older people have lower income than younger, are less healthy, and more likely to be living alone, then you will find it hard to accept that they are happier.

In fact, scientists have found that as people age, their health declines and social networks disappear as their friends die, which can make the elderly less happy.

Even if one does give in to age's dark side, health and happiness don't always go hand-in-hand. It's all about attitude. Research by the University of Chicago’s Yang suggests that attitude about life and happiness, is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.

Despite the conflicting findings about aging and happiness, the good news is that there doesn’t appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one’s life. “Most people desire happiness,” Easterlin said. “To my knowledge, no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.”

1.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?

A. The key factor to older adults’ happiness

B. There is a conflict between aging and happiness

C. No one can define the limit to happiness.

D. The relationship between health and happiness.

2.Why are some seniors happier according to some experts?

A. They focus on what makes them feel good.

B. They have their own circle of friends.

C. They have better income after retirement.

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A. People of the same age have the same sense of happiness.

B. Attitude may play a very important role in happiness.

C. People who adapt the best to changes are more likely to be unhappy.

D. Older adults who have more valuable life experience are more optimistic.

4.What’s the topic discussed in the passage?

A. Whether aging or attitude brings happiness.

B. Why seniors adapt the best to changes in society.

C. What the limit to an elder person’s happiness is.

D. How older people feel compared with younger people.

根据材料并 结合所学知 识回答问题。（15分）

材料 宋太祖赵匡胤本为后周殿前都点检，960年，奉命御辽。到达陈桥驿时，发生兵变，赵匡胤黄袍加身，取代后周建立宋王朝，史称“陈桥兵变”。

对“陈桥兵变”，宋初众说纷纭，《太祖实录》亦语焉不详。宋太宗赵匡义命重修《太祖实录》，说：“史官之职，固在善恶必书，无所隐晦”，“太祖之事周朝也，尽力王室，中外所知。至于大宝（皇位），非有意也”。太宗特地指出，时值契丹入侵，太祖率兵出击，一日醉卧帐中，众将士云集，强拥太祖为皇帝，此乃时势所趋，并非人力所为。

今人研究认为，赵匡胤制造辽（契丹）与北汉联兵南下的假情报，宰相范质等人不明真相，匆忙派遣赵匡胤率诸军北上抵御。大军行至陈桥驿，赵匡胤弟赵匡义等受意发动兵变，将士们把黄袍加在赵匡胤身上，拥立他为天子。

——摘编自张岂之主编《中国历史》等

（1）根据材料，概括说明宋太宗对“陈桥兵变”的解释与今人研究的结果有何不同。（6分）

（2）根据材料并结合所学知识，简析宋太宗重修《太祖实录》关于“陈桥兵变”记载的原因。（9分）

Claude Sammut,a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of New South Wales in Australia,said it would soon be possible for robots to defeat the stars of the future.

For many years,Mr Sammut has been a member of a project called RoboCup,where robots have been programmed to learn how to play football and compete against others in a football match.

As he explains,the robots are having difficulty in learning how to control the ball and move the ball on their own,but he is still full of confidence that one day in the future they will show the same skills as Wayne Rooney,who is one of the best football players in the world.

Mr.Sammut also said,"In 1968,John McCarthy and Donald Michie made a bet with David Levy,who was then the chess champion in Scotland,that within 10 years a computer program would be able to beat him.It took a little bit longer than 10 years (nearly 30 years) but eventually such programs came into being."

"In the same spirit of a grand challenge,RoboCup aims to develop a team of robots that can defeat the world soccer champion team by the year 2050.To achieve this,or come even closer to the ambition,the robots will have to be able to sense and act in completely unstructured environments.This will require major advances in perception（感知）,decision making,learning,and cooperative behaviors.Considering robots are integrated hardware and software systems,great advances will also be needed in sensors（传感器）,energy storage,and materials."

1.The idea of designing a computer program that could defeat a chess champion came forth .

A. in 1968 B. in 1978

C. in the 1990s D. 30 years ago

2.We can conclude from Mr.Sammut's words that .

A. robots would be smarter than human beings in the near future

B. robots have more ambitions than human beings

C. robots would take control of the world

D. many parts of robots still need improving

3.What's the best title for this passage?

A. Scientists' Wisdom in Designing Robot Football Players.

B. Robot Football Players to Beat World's Best by 2050.

C. Robot Football Players' Bright Future.

D. Mr Sammut—the Father of Robot Football Players

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