题目内容

根据材料并 结合所学知 识回答问题。（15分）

材料 宋太祖赵匡胤本为后周殿前都点检，960年，奉命御辽。到达陈桥驿时，发生兵变，赵匡胤黄袍加身，取代后周建立宋王朝，史称“陈桥兵变”。

对“陈桥兵变”，宋初众说纷纭，《太祖实录》亦语焉不详。宋太宗赵匡义命重修《太祖实录》，说：“史官之职，固在善恶必书，无所隐晦”，“太祖之事周朝也，尽力王室，中外所知。至于大宝（皇位），非有意也”。太宗特地指出，时值契丹入侵，太祖率兵出击，一日醉卧帐中，众将士云集，强拥太祖为皇帝，此乃时势所趋，并非人力所为。

今人研究认为，赵匡胤制造辽（契丹）与北汉联兵南下的假情报，宰相范质等人不明真相，匆忙派遣赵匡胤率诸军北上抵御。大军行至陈桥驿，赵匡胤弟赵匡义等受意发动兵变，将士们把黄袍加在赵匡胤身上，拥立他为天子。

——摘编自张岂之主编《中国历史》等

（1）根据材料，概括说明宋太宗对“陈桥兵变”的解释与今人研究的结果有何不同。（6分）

（2）根据材料并结合所学知识，简析宋太宗重修《太祖实录》关于“陈桥兵变”记载的原因。（9分）

练习册系列答案
相关题目

Researchers in China and the United States have developed a new cataract(白内障)treatment with cells that has restored vision in babies in a trial and may eventually be used in adults.

The treatment- by doctors and staff members at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and Sichuan and Sun Yat-sen universities in China-was published in March 9 edition of the scientific journal Nature.

A cataract is a clouding of the normally clear lens(晶体)of an eye. Typical cataract operation involves the removal of the cloudy lens and the insertion of an artificial one. The new operation has been tested in animals and during a small, human trial. It resulted in fewer complications(并发症)than the current harmful operation, and in regrown lenses with superior visual function in all 12 of the baby cataract patients who received the procedure.

A congenital cataract- lens clouding that occurs at birth or shortly after- is important cause of blindness in children. In the new research, Kand Zhang, head of ophthalmic genetics at US San Diego’s Shiley Eye Institute, and his colleagues relied on the regrown potential of endogenous(同源的)stem cells.

According to Zhang, endogenous stem cells are different from other stem cells that are typically grown in a laboratory, transplanted into a patient, and can have risks of immune（免疫的）rejection, infection or cancers. Zhang told CBS News, “We invented a new operation to make a very small opening at the side of a cataractous lens bag, remove the cataract inside, allow the opening to heal, and promote potential lens stem cells to regrow an entirely new lens with vision.”

The human trial involved 12 babies under the age of 2 who were treated with the new method, while 25 babies received thee standard operation care.. The latter group experienced a higher incidence of pos- operation danger, early- onset eye high blood pressure and increased lens clouding. The scientists reported fewer complications and faster healing among the 12 babies who has the new procedure.

1.What is the text mainly about?

A. The concept of the cataract

B. A new cataract treatment with stem cells

C. Bad effects of post-operation in the cataract

D. The reasons why the cataract comes into being

2.Which of the following best describe the new cataract treatment according to the passage?

A. Convenient B. Comfortable

C. Cheap D. Safe

3.What can we learn about the new cataract treatment?

A. It has more risks

B. It may be used widely

C. It has been put into practice widely

D. It can only restore vision in babies

4.What does the underlined word “congenital” in the fourth paragraph mean?

A. Born B. Strange

C. Serious D. Dangerous.

1.accuse … of___________________

2.be eager to___________________

3.a variety of___________________

4.ahead of___________________

5.speed up___________________

6.集中；全神贯注于___________________

7.榨出；挤出___________________

8.申请___________________

9.区别对待；有影响；起作用___________________

10.依赖；依靠___________________

Conflict Resolution(解决)

Conflict is a normal part of any healthy relationship. After all, two people can’t be expected to agree on everything all the time. 1.

Conflicts may be resolved in positive or negative ways. When they’re handled in a positive way, they provide an opportunity to strengthen the bond. 2. The following is a practical five-step process for conflict resolution.

◆Agree that you disagree. Make clear the issue that is causing the disagreement. Answer the question “What is this disagreement about?”

◆Take turns talking and listening. Use talking and listening skills to have a conversation about the problem. 3. Each person should also have an opportunity to listen to the other person’s point of view.

◆Restate what you hear. Reflect what the other person says to figure out his or her thought and feelings.4.

◆Come up with a solution. Think of ideas that may solve the problem. You both should agree on the solution you choose.

◆5. If you are unable or unwilling to reach a solution, contact an unbiased(无偏见的)person who can offer objective and practical suggestions.

A. Get outside help if you need it.

B. State your point of view to others.

C. Ask questions if you don’t understand.

D. But when mismanaged, they can damage a relationship.

E. Each person should have an opportunity to say what he thinks.

F. Learning how to resolve conflicts helps relationships run more smoothly.

G. And when handled in a respectful way, they contribute to the relationship.

［选修4：中外历史人物评说］（15分）

材料 颜真卿“少勤学业，有词藻，尤工书”。唐玄宗时登进士甲科，历官侍御史等职，因为人刚直，不附权臣杨国忠，出为平原太守。安史之乱爆发，其以平原一郡独撑河北危局良久。后任刑部尚书，“军国大事，知无不言”，“累进封鲁郡公”。藩镇李希烈反，颜真卿前往安抚，面对叛军“不能屈节，当自烧”的威胁，愤然赴火。后被叛军杀害，终年77岁。朝廷赠司徒，谥“文忠”。颜真卿“立朝正色，刚而有礼，非公言直道，不萌于心。天下不以姓名称，而独曰鲁公”。史书称赞他“富于学，守其正，全其节，是文之杰也”。

唐人重书法，“工书”者甚众，颜真卿“善正、草书，笔力遒婉”，尤为后人所推崇。欧阳修得其所书残碑，赞曰：“颜公书如忠臣烈士、道德君子，其端严尊重，人初见而畏之，然愈久而愈可爱也……虽其残缺不忍弃之。”

——据《旧唐书》等

（1）根据材料，概括颜真卿的个人品德。（7分）

（2）根据材料并结合所学 知识，简析颜真卿书法为后世推崇的原因。（8分）

1689年，英国议会决定拥戴威廉和玛丽为英国国王和女王，同时选派代表将王冠连同《权利宣言》（《权利法案》的初稿）一起呈献给二人，并当面宣读，威廉和玛丽心照不宣地全部接受。这一事件所体现的政治理念是

A．天赋人权 B．民主共和 C．君主立宪 D．权力制衡

清末举行的一次科举特科考试，论题为“《大戴礼》（即汉代戴德所编辑整理的《礼记》）‘保，保其身体；傅，傅其德义；师，导之教训’与近世各国学校体育、德育、智育同义论”，要求论证中国传统教育与西方教育同义。这反映了

A．近代教育体制已经确立 B．中体西用治国理念的推行

C．朝廷借科举倡导回归国学 D．西方教育思想成为主流

My sister-in-law, Sharon, recently had a good year for tomatoes. She and her family had _______ and canned so many that they’d begun to feel their skin turn slightly _______. That’s when she decided it was time to share her blessings(福气). She started calling everyone she knew. When that _______, she began asking everyone in the neighborhood like a _______, eventually finding a neighbor delighted to have the tomatoes. “Feel free to take _______ you want,” Sharon told her. Later that day, Sharon found that her garden had indeed been _______. She felt happy that she could help someone and that the food didn’t go to _______.

A few days later, Sharon _______ the door. There was the neighbor, holding a hot loaf(条) of some kind of sweet bread. The neighbor smiled pleasantly: “I wanted to thank you for all of the tomatoes, and I have to _______ that I took a few other things and hoped you wouldn’t mind.”

Sharon couldn’t think of ________ else in her garden that had been worth harvesting and said so. “Oh, but you ________,” the neighbor said. “You had some of the prettiest zucchini(西葫芦) I’ve ________ seen.”

Sharon was ________. Zucchini in her garden? They hadn’t even planted any zucchini. But her neighbor ________ that there really were bright-green zucchini in Sharon’s garden. Sharon’s curiosity ________ the better of her and she had to go see where the zucchini had grown. The two of them walked together into the backyard. When the neighbor pointed at the long green ________, Sharon smiled. “Well, ________, those are cucumbers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating or canning.”

The neighbor looked at Sharon, ________ written all over her face. She gulped(大口吸气) a few times, and then, smiling, ________ out the bread, part of a batch(批) she had shared all over the neighborhood. “I brought you a nice loaf of ________ bread. I hope you like it.”

1.A. bought B. grown C. eaten D. sold

2.A. red B. yellow C. dark D. pale

3.A. worked B. happened C. stopped D. failed

4.A. housewife B. politician C. friend D. farmer

5.A. whichever B. whatever C. wherever D. whenever

6.A. harvested B. stolen C. damaged D. cleared

7.A. shop B. factory C. waste D. soil

8.A. closed B. repaired C. left D. answered

9.A. expect B. suggest C. require D. admit

10.A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything

11.A. could B. did C. should D. do

12.A. ever B. never C. always D. seldom

13.A. embarrassed B. pleased C. confused D. satisfied

14.A. apologized B. demanded C. replied D. insisted

15.A. took B. made C. got D. kept

16.A. flowers B. vegetables C. fields D. gardens

17.A. obviously B. actually C. naturally D. separately

18.A. shock B. delight C. excitement D. fright

19.A. gave B. pulled C. pointed D. held

20.A. tomato B. zucchini C. cucumber D. vegetable

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believeing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.

However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: "I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try." What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition.

1.What does this passage mainly talk about?

A. Competition helps to set up self-respect

B. Opinions about competition are different among people

C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development

D. Failures are necessary experience in competition

2.The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means .

A. those who try their best to win

B. those who value competition most highly

C. those who are against competition most strongly

D. those who rely on others most for success

3.What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a "desire to fail"?

A. One's worth lies in his performance compared with others

B. One's success in competition needs great efforts

C. One's achievement is determined by his particular skills

D. One's success is based on how hard he has tried

4.Which point of view may the author agree to?

A. Every effort should be paid back

B. Competition should be encouraged

C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter

D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition

违法和不良信息举报电话：027-86699610 举报邮箱：58377363@163.com

精英家教网