题目内容
【题目】假定英语课上，老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注 意： 1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
We live in the countryside. Most of which we see is the beauty of nature. One of the exceptions to the beauty is the litter some people throw out their windows as they are driving on the roads. One of the few drawbacks to living in the countryside is that public service, such as litter collection, are little available than they are closer to the city.
A helping habit that my family practise regularly are picking up litter in our surrounding area. We have become so accustomed to do this that my little brother will often say, “There’s some litter. Daddy, stop the car!” and we would often pull over and pick it up. It may seem strange, and we actually enjoy it. We pick up litter in parks, on sidewalks, practically anywhere. Once I even saw a complete stranger picking up litter close to where we live in. He smiled at me and said, “I saw you doing it, and it seemed like the good idea.”
【答案】1. which → what
2. 在throw out后加of
3. service → services
4. little → less
5. are → is
6. do → doing
7. would → will
8. and → but
9. 去掉in
10. the → a
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者一家住在乡下，热爱自然的美丽，所以养成一个在他们周围地方捡垃圾的习惯，也对旁人产生了积极影响。
1. 考查主语从句引导词。本句意为“我们看到的大多东西是大自然的美丽。”，most of which we see是一个主语从句，see缺少宾语，意为“……的东西”，应用引导词what。故将which改为what。
2. 考查固定搭配。本句是定语从句，先行词为 the litter，将先行词带入定语从句后为：some people throw the litter out of their windows，固定搭配throw sth. out of，意为“从……抛出某物”，加 of。故在throw out后加of。
3. 考查名词的数。本句意为“生活在农村的少数缺点之一是，公共服务，如垃圾收集，比起离城市更近的地方，要少。”，that public service, such as litter collection, are little available than they are closer to the city是由that引导的表语从句，public service为表语从句的主语，service意为“服务”时，是可数名词，谓语为are，是复数，主谓一致，主语用复数形式，此处用可数名词的复数。故将service改为services。
4. 考查比较级。由than（比较级的标志）可知，此处用比较级。故将little改为less。
5. 考查主谓一致。主语A helping habit是单数，主谓一致，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故将are改为is。
6. 考查动名词。固定搭配become accustomed to doing sth.，意为“习惯于做某事”，to后需加动名词（doing）。故将do改为doing。
7. 考查时态。由前面的will often say可知，错误处表示将来发生的事情，需用一般将来时。故将would改为will。
8. 考查连词。本句意为“这看起来可能有些奇怪，但我们很得很享受。”，前后两句表示转折关系，应用并列连词but。故将and改为but。
9. 考查连词。介词to后接宾语从句where we live，where在该从句中做地点状语，in多余，应去掉。故去掉in。
10. 考查冠词。本句意为“我看见你这么做了，这似乎是一个好主意。”，good idea 在本句中表泛指，故与不定冠词连用，good的读音以辅音因素开头，需用不定冠词a。故将the改为a。
阅读快车系列答案【题目】请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
To keep the creative juices flowing, employees should be receptive to criticism
Researchers have been curious about whether negative feedback really makes people perform better, particularly when it comes to completing creative tasks. The literature has been mixed about this. In a recent investigation, Kim, who in May will join the Cambridge Judge Business School as an assistant professor, observed –– through a field experiment and a lab experiment –– and reported on how receiving negative feedback might impact the creativity of the recipients(接受者).
In both studies, Kim found that negative feedback can inspire or prevent creative thinking. What is most important is where the criticism comes from. When creative professionals or participants received criticism from a boss or a peer, they tended to be less creative in their subsequent work. Interestingly, if an individual received negative feedback from an employee of lower rank, they benefited from it and became more creative.
Some aspects of these findings seem intuitive(凭直觉的). “It makes sense that employees might feel threatened by criticism from their managers,” says Kim. “Supervisors have a lot of influence in deciding promotions or pay raises. So negative feedback from a boss might cause career anxieties.” It also stands to reason that feedback from a co-worker might also be received as threatening because we often compete with our peers for the same promotions and opportunities.
When we feel that pressure from above or from our peers, we tend to fixate on the stressful aspects of it and end up being less creative in our future work, says Kim.
What Kim found most surprising was how negative feedback from their followers (employees that they manage) made supervisors more creative.
“It’s a bit counterintuitive(反直觉的) because we tend to believe we shouldn’t criticize the boss,” says Kim. “In reality, most supervisors are willing to receive negative feedback and learn from it. It’s not that they enjoy criticism –– rather, they are in a natural power position and can cope with the discomfort of negative feedback better.”
The key takeaways: bosses and coworkers need to be more careful when they offer negative feedback to someone they manage or to their peers. And feedback recipients need to worry less when it comes to receiving criticism, says Kim.
“The tough part of being a manager is pointing out a follower’s poor performance or weak points. But it’s a necessary part of the job,” says Kim. “If you’re a supervisor, just be aware that your negative feedback can hurt your followers’ creativity. Followers tend to receive negative feedback personally. Therefore, keep your feedback specific to tasks. Explain how the point you’re discussing relates to only their task behavior, not to aspects of the person.”
In short, anyone who wants to offer negative feedback on the job should do so attentively and sensitively and to promote creativity at work, we should all be receptive to criticism from supervisors, peers and followers.
To keep the creative juices flowing, employees should be receptive to criticism | |
Introduction to the topic | Experiments are conducted to find out whether negative feedback 【1】 people’s performance or not. |
Negative feedback can inspire or hold back creativity, 【2】 on where the criticism comes from. | |
【3】 of the study | Criticism from a boss or a peer 【4】 creativity, while negative feedback from lower rank employees will be 【5】. |
Our work is greatly influenced by our supervisors, so their criticism might bring about anxieties. | |
【6】 for the phenomena | We compete with our peers for the same opportunities, thus feeling 【7】 by their negative feedback. |
Supervisors are in a favourable 【8】 and can learn from their followers’ negative feedback. | |
Enlightenment from the study | When offering criticism to followers or peers, bosses and coworkers need to keep it 【9】 to their tasks. |
Recipients should adopt a positive 【10】 towards others’ criticism. | |