Our government understands this andhas been using (use) PSAs to educate people for many years．题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

17．Our government understands this andhas been using （use） PSAs to educate people for many years．

分析我们的政府意识到了这一点，已经利用公益广告教育人们好多年了．

解答答案是has been using．本题考查语境中选用所给词的适当形式．for many years是与现在相联系的段时间，并且use的动作还在进行中，故用现在完成进行时，答案是has been using．

点评本题是要求用所给动词的适当形式填空，解题时首先考虑句中需要的是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；其次，如果是谓语动词关注时态、语态和数的变化；如果是非谓语动词要联系非谓语的基本用法判断非谓语的形式．

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8．假设你是新华中学的学生李华，班里从外地转来一名同学李明，他一时无法融入到新的班集体中，感到很苦恼．请根据下列要点用英语给他写封信：
1．帮他分析原因：害羞，怕同学取笑．
2．给他提出建议：学习普通话，跟同学交流意见．
3．陈述你帮助他的具体打算．
4．词数：120词左右．
Dear Li Ming，
I'm sorry to know that you feel distressed at your new class．One of the reasons，I believe，is that you might be too shy to talk confidently with your classmates and maybe you are afraid that your classmates will make fun of your accent．
I am sure，with your effort，you can manage to overcome these difficulties．In my opinion，learning to speak Putonghua and comparing notes with your classmates frequently are good ways for you to make new friends．In your spare time，you should play basketball or go to some parties．At last，I suggest that you should communicate with others confidently．As for me，I'll encourage more students to study and play with you．Also，I'll help you with your study and daily life．In a word，I'm ready to help you whenever you turn to me for help．
I hope you can adapt to the new school life as soon as possible．
Yours
Li Hua．

5．Western civilization has been deeply influenced by Greek Culture．Many words from Greek mythology （神话） contributed to English vocabulary today．Greek mythology tells of the myths of ancient Greece，concerning its gods，heroes and the nature of the world．It attempts to explain the origin of the world and the adventures and lives of the gods，heroes and natural creatures．The following words exactly come from Greek mythology．
Echo； Narcissus
Echo was a fairy （仙女）．She got the punishment of saying nothing but repeat others，last sentence said to her because she kept talking and talking before．Echo fell in love with Narcissus，but she was refused．Narcissus told Echo never to fall in love with him．Depressed and heartbroken by the hopeless love，Echo died，leaving"I fall in love with you"echoing in the cave．Nemesis，the god of revenge，determined to punish Narcissus for his coldness by making Narcissus love his own reflection in water．Finding it impossible to get together with his image，Narcissus died with sadness and transformed into a daffodil （水仙花） by the riverside．
Daphne
Daphne，one daughter of a river-god，was shot by Cupid's lead arrow．Cupid，the god of love，shot a golden arrow at Apollo，the god of the sun，which made Apollo fall in love with Daphne．Crazily chased by Apollo，Daphne had no way to escape．However，Daphne was too shy to accept Apollo，so she begged to have her transformed into a laurel （月桂树）．In English，Daphne refers to laurel．There also exists an idiom"as shy as Daphne"．
Atlas
Atlas was one of the Greek gods．Because he offended （冒犯） Zeus，the ruler of Gods and men，Atlas was ordered to carry the sky cm his shoulder．A Belgium geographer used Atlas to name his collection of maps with the pictures of Atlas who was carrying the Earth in it．Later，people refer to Atlas as the collection of maps．

16．Which of the following is NOT the theme of Greek mythology？C
A．The origin of the world．
B．The nature of the world．
C．People's lives of ancient Greece．
D．The adventures and lives of the gods and heroes．
17．Why was Echo punished？B
A．Because she offended Zeus．
B．Because she talked too much．
C．Because she fell in love with Narcissus．
D．Because she was too shy to accept Apollo．
18．D is referred to as the collection of maps．
A．Daphne
B．Echo
C．Narcissus
D．Atlas．

12．About six years ago I was having lunch in New York City（61）whena woman and a young boy sat down at the next table．I couldn't help（62）overhearing（overhear） parts of their conversation．At one point the woman asked，"So，how have you been？"And the boy who could not have been more than seven or eight years old replied．"（63）Frankly（frank），I've been feeling a little depressed lately．"
This incident（64）impressed（impress） me most because it confirmed my growing（65）belief（believe） that children are changing．As far as I can remember，my friends and I didn't find out we were"depressed"（66）until we were in high school．
Undoubtedly，（67）achange in children has increased steadily in recent years．Children don't seem childlike any more．Children speak，dress and behave more like adults（68）thanthey used to．
（69）Whetherhis is good or bad is difficult to say，but it certainly is different．Childhood as it once was no longer（70）exists（exist）．

2．Most episodes （片段） of absent-mindedness-forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room-are caused by a simple lack of attention．"says Schacter．"You're supposed to remember something，but you haven't encoded it deeply．"
"Encoding"，Schacter explains，"is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major effect on remembering it later．Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations．If you put your mobile phone in a pocket，for example，and don't pay attention to what you did because you're involved in a conversation，you'll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe（衣柜）．""Your memory itself isn't failing you，"says Schacter．"Rather，you didn't give your memory system the information it needed．"
Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness．"A man who can recite sports statistics from 30years ago，"says Zelinski，"may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox．"Women have slightly better memories than men，possibly because they pay more attention to their environment．And memory depends on just that．
"Reminders can help prevent absent-mindedness，"says Schacter．"But be sure the reminder is clear and available，"he says．If you want to remember to take medicine with lunch，put it on the kitchen table-don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket．
Another common episode of absent-mindedness：walking into a room and wondering why you're there．Most likely，you were thinking about something else．"Everyone does this from time to time，"says Zelinski．The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room，and you'll likely remember．

32．Why does the writer think that encoding is important？B
A．It helps us understand our memory system better．
B．It enables us to remember something from our memory．
C．It expands our memory ability greatly．
D．It slows down the process of losing our memory．
33．Why can a note in the pocket hardly serve as a reminder？C
A．Because it will easily get lost．
B．Because it's not dear enough for you to read．
C．Because it's out of your sight．
D．Because it might get mixed up with other things．
34．What do we learn from the last paragraph？C
A．If we pay more attention to one thing，we might forget another．
B．Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment．
C．Doing something again helps improve our memory．
D．If we keep forgetting things，we'd better return to where we were．
35．What is the passage mainly about？B
A．The process of gradual memory loss．
B．The causes of absent-mindedness．
C．The influence of the environment on memory．
D．A way of encoding and remembering．

9．Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history．
Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers，for food，for sport，and simply because they were in the way．Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the earth forever．Hundreds more are on the danger list today．About 170kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger．
Why should people care？Because we need animals．And because once they are gone，there will never be any more．
Animals are more than beautiful or interesting or a source of food．Every animal has its place in the balance of nature．Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems．
For example，when farmers killed large numbers of hawks （鹰），the farmers'stores of corn and grain were destroyed by mice．Why？Because hawks eat mice．With no hawks to keep down their numbers，the mice multiplied quickly．
Luckily，some people are working to help save the animals．Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem．And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger．
Quite a few countries have passed laws．These laws forbid the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list．Slowly，the number of some animals in danger is growing．

32．What is the best title for the passage？A
A．Save the Animals
B．Useful Animals
C．Laws for Animals
D．Animals in Danger
33．Animals are important to us mainly becauseC．
A．they give us a source of food
B．they are beautiful and lovely
C．they keep the balance of nature
D．they give us a lot of pleasure
34．What is the meaning of the underlined word"multiplied"in the passage？A
A．Became more．B．Became less．C．Turned black．D．Ate food．
35．We can infer from the passage thatD．
A．people have known the importance of animal protection since a long time ago
B．many countries passed laws forbidding the killing of any animal
C．the number of hawks is on the decrease
D．animals play an important role in people's life．

6．As we know，everyone can make mistakes，but don't worry about it．The following is what we should do when we make mistakes．
Just admit it．Don't think that our mistakes are caused by others．（16）C Do't blame other people，and don't cheat ourselves，either．
（17）D In order to stop the problem from getting worse，we should act quickly to solve it．If we don't act and deal with the problem quickly，it'll only make us feel more stressed．Also it is necessary to make a plan of action and corrct the mistake according to it．（18）F．
（19）A Those who have made the most mistakes can get an A，for they are the ones who have learned the most．The more we learn from our mistakes，the cleverer we are．
（20）G What caused us to make the mistake？How can we avoid making the same mistake in the future？When we act with a method to get a ood result，do it that way next time．If we don't，we should stop，think about it，change it and try again．

A．Realize that making mistakes is the best way to learn．
B．Don't be afraid of failure．
C．Be brave and face the fact that we have made the mistakes．
D．Solve it at once．
E．So be away from stress．
F．So decide quickly and act．
G．Think about what we can learn from our mistakes．

8．Talking to yourself may seem a little shameful．But there's no need for embarrassment．Talk to ourselves，whether out loud r silently in our heads，is a valuable tool for thought．Far from being a sign of mental illness，self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do，manage our activities，and regulate our emotions．
Take a trip to any preschool and watch a small child playing with her toys．You are very likely to hear her talking to herself：offering herself directions and giving voice to her frustrations．Psychologists refer to this as private speech：language that is spoken out loud but directed at the self．
Self-talk has many advantages．If you want proof，turn on the sports channel．You're bound to see an athlete preparing himself with a quick phrase or scolding himself after a bad shot．Andy Murray owed his 2012US Open victory to a self-talk he gave himself in front of a changing-room mirror．Gymnastics starLaurie Hernandez in Rio．The athletes are doing it for good reason：Self-talk has been shown to bring benefits in sports as diverse as badminton，darts and wrestling．
Those of us who lack the talent of a Hernandez or a Murray are also likely to talk to ourselves aloud，particularly when the task is difficult and the conditions stressful．Conducting a dialogue with ourselves--asking questions of the self and providing answers--seem to be a particularly good way of solving problems and working through ideas．Both kinds of self-talk--the silent and the vocal-seem to bring a range of benefits to our thinking．

32．Why does the small child talk to herself while playing with toys？D
A．She is suffering from mental disease．
B．She is communicating with toys．
C．She is busy directing her toys．
D．She is adjusting her mood．
33．According to Andy Murray，he won 2012US Open becauseA．
A．he gave himself a private speech
B．he criticized himself after a bad try
C．he had a great talent for tennis
D．he got well trained for tennis
34．Which is NOT the benefit of self-talk？C
A．It can help us plan well．
B．It can help us manage activities．
C．It can help us identify mental illness．
D．It can help us adjust emotions．
35．What can we infer about self-talk from the last paragraph？B
A．Only players like to talk to themselves．
B．We are likel to have vocal self-talk while doing tough tasks．
C．The silent self-talk brings more benefits to us than the vocal self-talk．
D．Self-talk is no more than meaningless talks．

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