题目内容

7．Going green is something that affects every single one of us．Whether by recycling those plastic water bottles，or by cutting down on electricity in your home，the importance of going green on a personal level is extremely important．But，when you're a millionaire NBA basketball star，how do you help out the environment？
Yao Ming is a basketball player that plays for the Houston Rockets and has spoken out against hunting of sharks for fins，a delicious food in his native China．He is also the United Nations'Environmental champion．His goal is to raise awareness of climate change and energy-saving．"I will work with young people across the world and try to inspire them to plant trees，harvest rainwater and to become environmental champions in their own communities．"

The Philadelphia Eagles，a professional American football team，are really doing their part to give back to the community．The Eagles Go Green page has a"Green Energy Calculator"and according to the web site fans have saved 73，674.90 a year and saved 666，320 pounds of CO2 per year．Also，the Eagles have set up a"Stop global warming virtual march（虚拟游行）on Washington"，a march across America for one year，through the Internet with a goal to bring fans together and to urge leaders to deal with the serious problem of global warming now．
Bob Burnquist，a Brazilian skateboarder，is a member of Action Sports Environmental Coalition and founder of a program that gets organic foods and farming into schools for healthy lunch programs．Bob also has a huge homegrown organic farm where he hosted a gathering in celebration of Earth Day．
Kelly Slater is a surfer and eight-time champion，but he also supports saving the coral reefs world wide．He has founded the Kelly Slater Invitational Competition which raises funds and awareness for Reef Check，which is able to get its message out to a large group of guests including professional surfers，film and music stars，and other famous people．


31．According to the passage，Yao Ming wants toC．
A．help the Houston Rockets win the NBA championship
B．ask the United Nations to protect sharks in China
C．encourage young people to care about the environment
D．train more young people to become players of NBA
32．What have the Philadelphia Eagles done to help out the environment？A
A．They have called on fans to do things to reduce global warming．
B．They have marched on Washington to bring fans together．
C．They have saved 73，674.90 for solving global warming．
D．They have reduced CO2 emission by 666，320 pounds per year．
33．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the last two paragraphsD？
A．Bob Burnquist created Earth Day．
B．Bob Burnquist eats only organic foods．
C．Kelly Slater donated a lot of money．
D．Kelly Slater held a competition．
34．The best title for the passage would probably beB．
A．Highly Competitive Athletes
B．Environment-friendly Athletes
C．World-famous Athletes
D．Millionaire Athletes
35．What can we learn from the passage？C
A．Only famous people need to care about environmental problems．
B．America is the country that takes best care of environment．
C．Environmental problems have a common effect on everyone of us．
D．Yao Ming's goals to raise people's awareness of environment are mainly about climate change and air pollution．

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了一些致力于环保事业的运动员，举例说明他们所支持的环保事业，并呼吁我们要做些力所能及的事情来帮助缓解全球变暖问题．

解答 31．C  细节理解题：根据文章第二段I will work with young people across the world and try to inspire them to plant trees，harvest rainwater and to become environmental champions in their own communities．可知姚明想要鼓励年轻人关心环境问题，故选C．
32．A  细节理解题：根据文章第三段Also，the Eagles have set up a"Stop global warming virtual march（虚拟游行）on Washington"，a march across America for one year，through the Internet with a goal to bring fans together and to urge leaders to deal with the serious problem of global warming now．可知Philadelphia Eagles 号召粉丝做些事情来帮助减少全球气温变暖，故选A．
33．D  细节理解题：根据最后一段He has founded the Kelly Slater Invitational Competition which raises funds and awareness for Reef Check，可知在Kelly Slater 举行了一场比赛，因此D正确；误解分析：根据倒数第二段Bob also has a huge homegrown organic farm where he hosted a gathering in celebration of Earth Day．可知Bob主持地球日的聚会而不是创造了它，因此A错；没有提到Bob只吃有机食品以及Kelly Slater是否捐赠了钱，因此B和C错；故选D．
34．B  主旨大意题，根据全文和第一段的句子But，when you're a millionaire NBA basketball star，how do you help out the environment？可知这篇文章讲述的是一些致力于环保事业的运动员，故选B．
35．C  细节理解题：根据第一段Going green is something that affects every single one of us．Whether by recycling those plastic water bottles，or by cutting down on electricity in your home，the importance of going green on a personal level is extremely important．可知环保问题对我们每个人都有相同的影响，故选C．

点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

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17．If you know the following fact，you'll understand why many people suffer from foot problems．The average person walks the equivalent of three times around the Earth in a lifetime．That is enormous wear and tear on the 26 bones，33 joints and more than 100 muscles that make up the foot．
In a recent survey for the American Podiatric Medical Association，53 percent of respondents reported foot pain so severe that it affected their daily function．On average，people develop pain in their 60s，but it can start as early as the 20s and 30s．And usually women give care to their feet while men don't．"A lot of people think foot pain is part of the aging process and accept it，and  walk with pain，"said Dr Andrew Shapiro．Though some foot problems are inevitable，their progress can be slowed．The following questions will help you assess whether you should take more preventive action as you age．Do you have flat feet or hig harches（足弓）？Either puts feet a trisk．Shoes that support the arch and heel can help flat feet．People with high arches should look for roomy shoes and soft erpadding（衬垫）to absorb the shock．Proper exercises also strengthen muscles，supporting the foot．
Do your shoes fit？In the survey，more than 34 percent of men said they could not remember the last time their feet were measured.20 percent of women said that once a week they wore shoes that hurt，and 8 percent wore painful shoes daily．Feet flatten and lengthen with age，so if you still stick to the shoe size you wore at the age of 21，get your feet measured．Do you walk？Putting more mileage（里程）on your feet is the best way to exercise the muscles and keep them healthy．

43．The underlined phrase"wear and tear"in Paragraph 1 probably meansC．
A．a  surprising experience    
B．an unimaginable distance   
C．damage due to continuous use
D．a contribution to the feet
44．What do we know from the passageC？
A．The number of men and women who have foot problems is similar．  
B．Walking as little as possible can protect your feet from pain．    
C．More than half of there spondent shave serious foot problems．   
D.53% of people develop foot pain in their 60s．
45．Which of the following statements best explains foot painA？
A．Not all of it can be avoided．  
B．People can't slow its process．   
C．Walking more will stop foot pain．  
D．Preventive actions can't work well．
46．If your feet are 26cm long at 23，what is the probable length of your feet when you are 43？A
A.26.2cm   
B.25.2cm   
C.26cm   
D.25cm．
18．Many people say they can not start their day without first having a cup of coffee or tea．People say these drinks help them think clearly and feel more awake．This is because of  caffeine，a kind of matter found in some plants．Caffeine helps to give a jumpstart to the  nervous system．Now a new report says it may also improve long-term memory．
    Michael Yassa is a neurobiology professor at the University of California．He and other  researchers wanted to know if caffeine could improve what they called memory consolidation．They asked a group of individuals to learn something new，then the same people were given caffeine，the active component in coffee，tea and chocolate．
    He and the other researchers worked with a group of l60 people who were Caffeinefree．On the first day，all the subjects were shown pictures of everyday objects．They were asked to identify whether the pictures could be found inside the house or outdoors．Some of the subjects were then given a caffeine pill，the others were given a placebo-a pill containing an inactive thing．On the second day，all of the subjects were asked to look at more pictures．Some of the images were exactly like the ones they had seen 24 hours early．But other images were different．And a third group of pictures was similar to the first group but a little different．The participants had to decide whether the images they saw were the same or different from the ones on the first day．
    Professor Yassa says their answers help to show the effects of caffeine on memory．He  says those who took the caffeine pills had a ten to twelve percent increase in their ability to   remember the objects．The amount of caffeine the researchers used in the study was similar to  one strong cup of coffee．
    Professor Yassa says pills with a little more caffene also increased memory，but resulted  in some participants appearing more nervous．

61．From the passage，we can learn that caffeineD．
A．Can be found in every plant  
B．can improve people's health
C．is contained only in coffee    
D．can help people think clearly
62．What does Paragraph 3 mainly discuss？A
A．How MichaeI Yassa does his research．
B．Why Michael Yassa does the research．
C．What the result of Michael Yassa research is．   
D．How many people participate in the research．
63．Which of the following statements about the experiment is true？D
A．The participants must be addicted to coffee．
B．All the pictures seen on the second day were the same．
C．All the participants must drink coffee on the first day．
D．The participants saw three groups of pictures on the second day．
64．What does this text mainly tell us？C
A．Coffeeis essential for people's work．
B．Caffeine has negative effects on our health．
C．Caffeine may help better long-term memory．
D．Caffeine can lead to difficult sleeping and anxiety．
65．The author wrote the text in order toB．
A．forbid people to drink coffee
B．report a new research of coffee
C．attract readers to drink coffee
D．introduce the procedure of research．
15．Not very long ago，the question would have seemed absurd．Now it is on the lips of respected scientists； MPs（议员） are beginning to talk of"a war on sugar"，and even England's chief medical officer has said sugar may have to be，like the old enemy tobacco，taxed in order to protect the nation's health．
There came a time in the evolution of public attitudes to smoking，when the doctors had been shouting for long enough that the public was broadly aware of the risks and the only question left，for Government was：what should we do about it？
Some believe we are now at the same point in our attitudes to sugar．Others-largely but not only representatives of the food and drink industry-say the entire debate has been skewed，（歪曲） by those who spread stories deliberately to make people nervous．
More or less everyone agrees that eating too much sugar is bad for you．There is also no doubt obesity is a growing problem which is putting a significant，avoidable burden on the NHS by increasing the rates of diabetes，heart disease and other long-term conditions．
But to what extent is sugar-rather than saturated fats，or salt，carbohydrates or proteins，or any of the other devils of modem diets-the cause of obesity and how much should we worry about it？
Yesterday，hopes of achieving anything resembling clarity（清楚） from the World Health Organization （WHO） were confused once again，which，widely expected to reduce the recommended sugar intake by a half in new draft guidance，instead said it would continue to recommend that sugar make up no more than 10per cent of the energy we consume，while adding that cutting this to five per cent would have"additional benefits"．The decision will now go out to public consultation．
Simon Capewell，professor of the University of Liverpool，said that he suspected"dirty work"on the part of food and drinks companies might lie behind the WHO's less than resounding message．
"The food industry say Government has no business interfering（介入） in families，we must protect personal choice，"Professor Capewell said．"We say there is no personal choice．At the moment，a mother can walk into a supermarket with a choice of four tomato soups-with three，or four，or five teaspoons of sugar in them．She has a choice of thousands of ready meals-with five，or six，or even nine teaspoons of sugar in．"

59．By referring to smoking the author indicates thatB．
A．sugar has just turned out to be as harmful as smoking
B．it is not easy for authorities to restrict or ban something
C．it is easy for people to see bad effects of something
D．people must see the disadvantages of sugar immediately
60．WHO has changed its idea mainly becauseC．
A．it thinks the danger of sugar to health is overemphasized
B．it finds it safe to take in as much sugar as people do now
C．it believes certain amount of intake of sugar does us good
D．it has been put under pressure by food and drinks companies
61．When reporting the argument about sugar，the author seems toB．
A．remain objective                    B．stand by those against it
C．believe it harmless                 D．hold the view of"wait-and-see"
62．Which of the following can be the proper title for the passage？A
A．Is sugar the new evil？B．How much sugar do you take daily？
C．Is sugar to be taxed？D．How much do you know about sugar？
2．The city of Rome has just passed a new law to prevent cruelty to animals，which many people say can      the civilization of a city．（　　）
A．manageB．separateC．treasureD．measure
12．Encourage your children to try new things，but try not to      them too hard．（　　）
A．drawB．strikeC．rushD．push
19．According to experts，China needs to ____ its one-child family planning policy to fight against a worsening gender（性别） imbalance and an aging population．（　　）
A．arrangeB．applyC．adaptD．adjust
8．Chicago is considering firm measures to prevent the Asian carp，a giant fish native to the Far East，from coming into North America's Great Lakes in large numbers．Such a move could cost up to$18bn，a heavy economic burden to the city．
This species，more than a metre in length，was originally introduced to southern US states three decades ago to control weeds in sewage（污水）treatment plants．But they escaped into the Mississippi River and increased in number quickly，making their way north towards the Great Lakes and threatening the native fish species along the way．
"Dozens of them will often leap out of the water as boats approach．''Michael Beecham，a local environmental expert，described how frightening the scene was．"I've gone down the river and seen these fish jump up and hit me in the face．It is a big problem for our native species，"he said．
A meeting has been organized to find a technological solution to the carp problem，one of which involves blocking parts of Chicago's canal system．Listening at the meeting was John Goss，who was worried about the effect that having barriers in the canal system would have on industry．"It would certainly increase the cost of transportation，"he told．"It is currently very cheap and efficient to bring materials and finished goods down the Chicago ship canal．"
Another cheaper option is to eat the fish out of existence．Dirk Fucik is selling carp burger（鲤鱼汉堡包）at his fish shop not far from downtown Chicago．He thinks the carps are a great resource．"To catch it and throw it away is a waste，"he says．"Eating them helps solve the problem and also provides jobs．"But the idea has not yet caught on．So far，he is the only person in Chicago selling carp burgers．

61．From the passage we can see the Asian carpA  
A．is very adaptable to the new environment
B．has made the Great Lake their home
C．is becoming a new food in restaurants
D．becomes even more fierce than before
62．According to Michael Beecham，the Asian carpC 
A．jumps out of the water to eat weeds
B．always attacks people if disturbed
C．is a big threat to the local species
D．forms a beautiful scene on the river
63．In John Goss's point of view，the building of barriersB
A．can force the Asian carp out of the Great Lakes
B．may lead to the increasing cost of industrial products
C．will help the canal system work more efficiently
D．will bring high profits to the related companies
64．What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the passage？B
A．The Americans have included the Asian carp in their food list．
B．Dirk Fucik is a pioneer in selling carp burgers in Chicago．
C．Catching Asian carps has created many jobs in America．
D．Throwing away the caught fish is a waste of the resources．
65．What's the best title of the passage？D
A．The Great Lakes，new home for Asian Carps
B．The Asian carp escapes from the Great Lakes
C．Possible ways to handle non-native species
D．Chicago goes to war with Asian carps．
11．A new study links heavy air pollution from coal burning to shorter lives in northern China．Researchers estimate that the half-billion people alive there in the 1990s will live an average of 5 years less than their southern counterparts because they breathed dirtier air．
China itself made the comparison possible：for decades，a now-discontinued government policy provided free coal for heating，but only in the colder north．Researchers found significant differences in both particulate pollution of the air and life expectancy in the two regions．
While previous studies have found that pollution affects human health，"the deeper and
ultimately more important question is the impact on life expectancy，"said one of the researchers，Michael Greenstone，a professor of environmental economics at Massachusetts Institute of一Technology．
"This study provides a unique setting to answer the life expectancy question because the
（heating） policy dramatically changes pollution concentrations（含量），Greenstone said in an email．"Further，due to the low rates of migration in China in this period，we can know people's exposure over long time periods，"he said．
The policy gave free coal for fuel boilers to heat homes and offices to cities north of the Huai Riv饥which divides China into north and south．It was in effect for much of the 1950-198，0 period of central planning，and，though discontinued after 1980，it has left a legacy（遗留Pl in the north of heavy coal burning，which releases particulate pollutants into the air that can harm human health．Researchers found no other government policies that treated China's north differently from the south．
The researchers collected data for 90cities，from 1981to 2000，on the annual daily average
concentration of total suspended（悬浮的）particulates．In China，those are considered to be particulates that are 100micrometers or less in diameter，sent out from sources including power stations，construction sites and vehicles．Among them，PM2.5is of especially great health concern because it can go deep into the lungs．
The researchers estimated the impact on life expectancies using death data from 1991-2000．They found that in the north，the concentration of particulates was 184micrograms per cubic meter一or 55percent higher than in the south，and life expectancies were 5.5years lower on average across all age ranges．

62．The main idea of this passage is thatA．
A．research in China finds air pollution shortened life expectancy
B．the government provided free coal for heating in North China
C．coal burning causes bad air quality across China
D．a new study finds different particulates in South China
63．According to Greenstone，Cgreatly contributed to the high pollution concentrations in North China．
A．power stations 
B．construction sites
C．the free heating policy 
D．gases from vehicles
64．It is implied in the passage thatB•
A．coal is no longer used for heating in North China
B．air quality was comparatively better in South China
C．southerners burned coals for heating in the 1980s
D．people preferred to live in South China after 1980
65．The underlined word"particulates"most probably meansC．
A．dirty clouds
B．particular smoke
C．harmful dust 
D．dangerous bacteria．

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