题目内容

6.Conservationists have unveiled plans to preserve and protect the world's most important species of coral,in a response to increasing threats that they say will lead to"functional extinction"within decades.
Led by scientists at the Zoological Society of London,the Edge Coral Reefs project has identified 10coral species in most urgent risk of becoming extinct.The scientists say that reefs are under pressure from a variety of threats including rising sea temperatures due to climatic instability,increased acidity(酸性),over fishing and pollution.
The Edge plan,which focuses on the most evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered species,will take a regional approach to conservation.This means focusing on the"coral triangle"around the Philippines,the West Indian Ocean around the Mozambique channel,and in the Caribbean channel.
"Coral reefs are threatened with functional extinction in the next 20-50years,due predominantly to global climatic instability,"said Catherine Head,coordinator of the reefs project."In these regions,we'll be supporting and training in-country conservationists to carry out research and implement targeted conservation actions,"she said."Their projects will last initially for two years.We provide them with a whole host of tools to carry out their projects including funding and intensive training."She added.
Coral reefs are the planet's most diverse marine ecosystem(生态系统),known as the rainforests of the oceans.Despite taking up under 0.2% of the ocean floor,they provide food and shelter for almost a third of all sea life.If we lose the ecosystems,we lose not only the biodiversity (生物多样性),but we also lose the capability of people to obtain income and food from coral reefs.
Climatic instability,which leads to rising sea temperatures,causes corals to bleach.Bleaching occurs when sea temperatures rise and this causes the coral tissue to expel their symbiotic algae called zooxanthellae-these are what give the coral their colour.Bleached corals often die if the stress continues.Among the 10species chosen to start the Edge project are the pearl bubble coral,a food source for the hawksbill(玳瑁)turtle,and the Mushroom coral,which supports at least 15brightly colored fish.

41.What does the first paragraph mean in the passage?C
A.Conservationists planned to preserve and protect some extinct corals years ago.
B.Conservationists have banned plans to protect endangered corals for years.
C.Conservationists are going to protect corals that are dying out in several ten years.
D.Conservationists have made plans to protect corals from being extinct in ten years.
42.What will probably happen to coral species with the increasing threats?C
A.Decrease.   B.Losing functions. C.Disappearance. D.Existence.
43.Which of the following statements about the Edge Plan is TRUE?D
A.The Edge Coral Reefs project was carried out by American scientists.
B.The plan concentrates on the channels to protect the endangered species.
C.The Conservationists have carried out the Edge plan for many years to protect the corals.
D.Ten coral species chosen by the project are at the greatest risk of becoming extinct.
44.Which of the following will be the consequence of coral extinction in the passage?B
A.We will keep me balance of the marine ecosystems.
B.About one third of the marine species can't survive.
C.Man can benefit more from corals.
D.We will lose the rainforests on our earth.
45.What is the best title of the passage?C
A.Climatic Instability and Coral Extinction.
B.Reasons for Coral Functional Extinction.
C.A Plan to Save Coral from Extinction.
D.A Research about Endangered Coral Reefs.

分析 本文主要介绍了一项计划,旨在保护海洋的珊瑚免于灭绝,并且说明了珊瑚灭绝的原因和因此导致的后果.科学家们发现珊瑚面临着很多威胁,有可能会灭绝.而珊瑚灭绝的后果是三分之一的海洋物种都不能生存.

解答 41.C句意理解题.根据第一段Conservationists have unveiled plans to preserve and protect the world's most important species of coral,in a response to increasing threats that they say will lead to"functional extinction"within decades.可知保护主义者要保护几十年后要灭绝的珊瑚.故选C.
42.C细节理解题.根据第一段increasing threats that they say will lead to"functional extinction"within decades.可知面对这么多的威胁,珊瑚种类有可能灭绝消失.故选C.
43.D细节理解题.根据第三段Led by scientists at the Zoological Society of London,the Edge Coral Reefs project has identified 10 coral species in most urgent risk of becoming extinct.可知这个项目选出有十种珊瑚最有可能灭绝.故选D.
44.B细节理解题:根据第五段Despite taking up under 0.2% of the ocean floor,they provide food and shelter for almost a third of all sea life.If we lose the ecosystems,we lose not only the biodiversity (生物多样性),but we also lose the capability of people to obtain income and food from coral reefs.可知珊瑚灭绝的后果是三分之一的海洋物种都不能生存.故选B.
45.C主旨大意题.根据第一段Conservationists have unveiled plans to preserve and protect the world's most important species of coral,可知这篇文章讲的是保护珊瑚的计划.故选C.

点评 本文考察学生的理解推断能力以及细心程度,只要抓住文章的关键词,采用寻读的方法查找细节,就能找到正确答案.

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14.Teofilo Stevenson was born in 1952 and grew up in a small town in Cuba.He started boxing as a teenager and,when he was 13,went to Havana to train at the national sports complex."I lost 14 of my first 20 fights,"said Stevenson."I hated getting hit.What happened was that I decided I hated losing even more."
When he was just 20,Teofilo went to the Olympic Games in Germany and won a gold medal.He was tall and powerful with a long"reach".His long arms could hit opponents (对手) before they could hit him.At the Games in Canada in 1976 he won the gold again.In the ring,boxers were afraid of Teofilo,they tried to stay away from him and not get too close to his powerful punches (拳).He won another gold medal in Moscow in 1980.Only two of the fights he had at the Olympic Games lasted for the full three rounds.That means he either knocked his opponents to the floor and they were counted out or the referee stopped the fight because it was dangerous for the other boxer.
Stevenson was such a good boxer that people wanted him to turn professional.After he had won his first gold medal,managers and famous promoters started to offer him money to fight around the world.Teofilo turned them all down.He wanted to stay in Cuba and didn't want to fight for money or fame.
Lots of people think that Teofilo Stevenson was as good as the famous boxer Muhammad Ali,but the two fighters never fought each other.They did meet outside the ring and the two men are now friends.Teofilo thinks"it would have been a draw"if they had fought.
Teofilo now works for the Cuban Ministry of Sport and he is also the vice president of the Cuban Boxing Federation.He likes spending his time with his family and he is still regarded as a legend (传奇) around the world.
56.We can learn from Paragraph 1 that StevensonC.
    A.was an excellent boxer as a teenager
    B.hated boxing very much when he was young
    C.lost most of his fights when he started boxing
    D.refused to fight because of getting hit as a teenager
57.What does Paragraph 2 aim to tell us?B
    A.Stevenson's way of winning fights in the Olympic Games.
    B.Stevenson's great success in Olympic Games.
    C.The number of fights that Stevenson had in the Olympic Games.
    D.Stevenson never lost a fight after he was 20 years old.
58.Stevenson refused to turn professional becauseD.
    A.he was afraid of being defeated
    B.he hated the managers and promoters
    C.he was not short of money
    D.he didn't want to fight for money or fame
59.From Stevenson's words"it would have been a draw"in Paragraph 4 we can infer that StevensonA.
    A.was a boxer as great as Muhammad Ali
    B.was eager to have a fight with Muhammad Ali
    C.thought the fight with Muhammad Ali would be dull
    D.predict that he would lose the fight with Muhammad Ali
60.What can be a proper title for the text?B
    A.Teofilo Stevenson-the most successful boxer
    B.Teofilo Stevenson-Olympic boxing legend
    C.Teofilo Stevenson's way of Olympic successes
    D.A boxer star who failed to turn professional.
11.Developed and developing nations can learn from each other seeking a low-carbon economy,a Chinese government official said in Shanghai yesterday.
China doesn't lag developed nations in terms of energy saving and green economy,said Zhou Changyi,director of the energy saving department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
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He said industrilized nations and China are dealing with different issues to combat climate change.The United Kingdom,for example,is concerned about transport,buildings and new energy in reducing carbon emmissions.For China,the most urgent task is how to realize new-type of industrilization and avoid mistakes that other countries made when they industrilized.
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Swiss power and automation technology group ABB called for a stronger focus on product life-cycle assesment,or LCA,which is used to study the environmental impact of a product fromthe research  and manufaturing stage through its usage and recycling.
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66."A"can replace the underlined word"lag".
A.fall behind          B.be superior to
C.attack               D.fear
67.Which of the following about LCA is correct?B
A.LCA is used to study the impact on a product.
B.LCA can help manufacturing industries decrease carbon release a lot.
C.LCA shows industrial sustomers should focus on a product's environmental influence on its initial investment.
D. LCA was one of the exhibitions at this year's fair.
68.We can inferD from the eleventh paragraph of this passage.
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B.Siemens received orders worth 6billion euros recently.
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D.Siemens'plan about Smart Grid may come true in the future.
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A.Developed and Developing Nations Can Learn From Each Other.
B.Low-carbon Economy-a Shared Goal.
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D.Two Biggest Markets for Smart Grid.
2.For years we have been dieting strictly after the year-end overeating,afraid that when summer.comes,the bigger size we have accumulated will betray how we ate.Now scientists say,it's a little bug that causes obesity(肥胖).
As the holiday season with its abundant feasting arrives,millions of food lovers are keeping an eye on their figures.But scientists have found that weight gain is not about too much Christmas turkey or hot chocolates,but some bacteria in your guts(肠).
Chinese scientists recently discovered a type ofbacteria in guts that may be to blame for obesity.
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"The endotoxin(内毒素) released by the bacterium can activate(激活) a gene that helps produce fat.And it also deactivates a gene that consumes fat,"Zhao says.
Scientists have long believed that microscopic organisms in the gut,microbiota,may play a very important role in weight gain,but they had never been able to prove it.
In 2004,American microbiologist Jeffrey Gordon and his colleagues discovered a general link between obesity and gut microbiota in mice.
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"The list of diseases that they may play a role in is just growing and growing,"says Lita Proctor,director of the US National Institutes of Health."But the problem is that we're only able to look at associations and aren't yet able to conduct cause-and-effect studies."
In the clinical study,researchers found a growth of too much endotoxin-producing bacteria,leading t0 35percent ofthe gut bacteria,in an obese patient whose initial weight was 175kg.
Based on this information,researchers tried to cure the patient by feeding him a specialized nutritional liquid food to decrease the bacteria in his guts to ignorable amounts.
After 23 weeks,the patient lost 51.4kg,with his fatty liver disease having almost disappeared.

36.We diet strictly after the year-end overeating becauseD.
A.we won't betray ourselves
B.we eat too much turkey
C.there are bacteria in our guts
D.we don't want to look fat
37.What can be learned from Zhao's research?A
A.Obesity is related to a kind of bacteria.
B.Healthy diet helps reduce your fat.
C.Chocolate doesn't cause weight gain.
D.Too much food leads to overweight.
38.Which of the following statements is TRUE?C
A.Scientists didn't try to find out the cause of overweight.
B.There is a link between mice's overweight and human's.
C.Lita proved the link between bacteria and weight gain.
D.Scientists found bacteria may be related to many diseases.
39.The patient finally lost 51.4kg of his weight afterB.
A.35percent of his gut bacteria were killed
B.the amount of gut bacteria was decreased
C.he had a special kind ofoperation
D.his fatty liver had disappeared
40.What does the passage mainly talk about?C
A.People's eating habits.
B.Healthy lifestyles.
C.A medical discovery.
D.The consequence of obesity.

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