题目内容
19.Research shows that when we are absorbed in an activity,even minor distractions (分心) can have a huge effect.According to a study,regaining our(36)A drive following an interruption can take about 20 minutes.Multitasking(多任务),as many studies have shown,is a myth(谬论).A more accurate(37)Bof what happens when we tell ourselves we are multitasking is that we're rapidly (38)A between activities,sucking our mental energy.And the(39)Ccan be surprisingly serious.An experiment found that we lose as many as 10IQ points when we allow our work to be(40)D by distractions like emails and text messages.
The(41)Cis that multitasking is enjoyable.It's fun to satisfy your curiosity.Who knows what that next email or text message holds(42)B?Finding out provides immediate satisfaction.(43)D,resisting distractions and staying on task requires (44)Band mental effort.
So,what are we to do?
Our strategy is to change the(45)Cto move temptation further away:shut down your email program or(46)Byour phone.It's a lot easier to stay on task when you're not(47)Afighting off mental desires.
The alternative,which most of us consider common,is(48)Ato dieting in a bakery.We all need the willpower to resist the temptations,but doing so comes with(49)Ccosts to our limited supply of willpower.
Another worthwhile (50)Dis to collect similar activities together,keeping transition (转换) time to a(51)A point.Instead of spreading phone calls,meetings and emails throughout your day,try(52)B related tasks so that there are fewer transitions.
In some jobs,multitasking is(53)C.Some of us truly do need to stay(54)Dto our clients,colleagues and managers.So it's worth noting that limiting disruptions is the only solution.
Remember the more you do to minimize task-switching over the course of the day,the more ability you'll have for activities that actually(55)A.Even small changes can make a big difference.
36.A.initial | B.personal | C.inner | D.ambitious |
37.A.plan | B.account | C.prediction | D.insight |
38.A.switching | B.swinging | C.swapping | D.shuttling |
39.A.benefits | B.reasons | C.consequences | D.challenges |
40.A.guided | B.changed | C.adapted | D.interrupted |
41.A.advantage | B.emphasis | C.trouble | D.practice |
42.A.in stock | B.in store | C.in check | D.in possession |
43.A.As a rule | B.As a result | C.In short | D.In contrast |
44.A.patience | B.discipline | C.courage | D.attention |
45.A.expectation | B.task | C.environment | D vision |
46.A.replace | B.silence | C.answer | D.pick |
47.A.continuously | B.finally | C.passionately | D.directly |
48.A.similar | B.relevant | C.superior | D.opposite |
49.A.affordable | B.basic | C.considerable | D.modest |
50.A.research | B.aspect | C.reaction | D.approach |
51.A.minimum | B.maximum | C.turning | D.fixed |
52.A.analyzing | B.grouping | C.assigning | D.undertaking |
53.A.disturbing | B.annoying | C.unavoidable | D.unnecessary |
54.A.sympathetic | B.loyal | C.accustomed | D.connected |
55.A.matter | B.function | C.work | D.interfere |
分析 本文讲述了很多人都不能专心于做一件事,而是处理多项任务,这会消耗我们的精神能量.而专心坚持一项工作需要长期的努力,文章为此讲述了一些怎样排除诱惑,专注于一件事的方法策略.虽然,现实生活中有些工作避免不了要同时处理多项任务,但要记住,在一天中减少任务转换的次数越多,你处理实际问题的能力就越强.
解答 36-40 ABACD 41-45 CBDBC 46-50 BAACD 51-55 ABCDA
36.A.考查形容词辨析.A.initial 最初的; B.personal 个人的;C.inner 内心的;D.ambitious 有雄心的;句意:根据一项研究,在中断后恢复我们最初的驱动器大约需要20分钟.根据句意,故选A.
37.B.考查名词辨析.A.plan 计划;B.account 记述;C.prediction 预言的事;D.insight 洞察力.句意:当我们告诉自己我们是多重任务时,会更准确地描述发生了什么事."account of what happens"意为:叙述发生的事.根据句意,故选B.
38.A.考查动词辨析.A.switching 转换;B.swinging 摇摆;C.swapping 交换;D.shuttling 穿梭.句意:当我们告诉自己自己是多任务的时候,更准确地说明我们正在快速地转换活动,吮吸我们的精神能量.根据句意,故选A.
39.C.考查名词辨析.A.benefits 好处; B.reasons 原因; C.consequences 结果;D.challenges 挑战.句意:其后果是严重的.前文提到我们在执行多任务时会大量消耗我们的精神能量,可推测这里在描述后果,结果.故选C.
40.D.考查动词辨析.A.guided 指导; B.changed 改变;C.adapted 适应;D.interrupted 打断.句意:一项实验发现,当我们的工作被诸如电子邮件和短信这样的干扰打断时,我们会损失多达10个智商点.前文提到"regaining our initial drive following an interruption can take about 20 minutes"讲述了中断工作对我们造成的影响.此句前后照应.根据句意及前后文,故选D.
41.C.考查名词辨析.A.advantage 好处; B.emphasis 强调;C.trouble 麻烦;D.practice 练习.句意:麻烦的是多任务处理是令人愉快的.前文提到:the consequences can be surprisingly serious.执行多任务的后果是严重的,而此句又写到 multitasking is enjoyable,多任务使人愉快,前后呈相反现象,可见此句表明解决多任务这种现象的麻烦是,处理多项任务使人愉快.根据句意及前后文,故选C.
42.B.考查词组辨析.A.in stock 有现货;B.in store 将要发生;C.in check 被阻止;D.in possession 占有.句意:满足你的好奇心很有趣,谁知道下一封邮件或短信是什么?根据句意.故选B.
43.D.考查副词词组辨析.A.As a rule 一般来说;B.As a result 结果; C.In short 简言之; D.In contrast 相比之下;句意:发现提供了即刻的满足,相比之下,抵制分心和坚持任务需要纪律和精神上的努力.根据前后文可知,多任务的执行会提供短暂的满足,而不分心的坚持工作需要长时间的努力,两者呈对比关系.故选D.
44.B.考查名词辨析.A.patience 耐心; B.discipline 纪律; C.courage 勇气;D.attention 注意力;句意:相比之下,抵制分心和坚持任务需要纪律和精神上的努力.根据句意,故选B.
45.C.考查名词辨析.A.expectation 期望;B.task 任务;C.environment 环境; D vision 视觉.句意:我们的策略是改变环境,使诱惑进一步消失.后文提到"shut down your email program"关掉你的电子邮件程序.可见采用的方法是改变你周围的环境.根据句意及前后文,故选C.
46.B.考查动词辨析.A.replace 代替;B.silence 使安静;C.answer回答; D.pick 摘下.句意:关闭你的电子邮件程序或使你的电话变安静.前文提到要改变环境,减少诱惑,与此对应就要关闭邮件程序,安静自己的手机.故选B.
47.A.考查形容词辨析.A.continuously 连续不断的;B.finally 最后;C.passionately 热情的;D.directly 直接的.句意:当你不停地击退精神欲望的时候,就更容易继续工作了.根据句意,本句讲述的是排除诱惑后会使自己不间断的专心工作下去.故选A.
48.A.考查形容词辨析.A.similar 相似的;B.relevant 相关的;C.superior 较高的;D.opposite 相反的.句意:我们大多数人认为的另一种选择,类似于在面包店节食.后文提到"We all need the willpower to resist the temptations"用意志力抵抗诱惑.可见这是一种使自己专心的一种方法,与在面包店节食相比,根据常识可推测是类似的.故选A.
49.C.考查形容词辨析.A.affordable 付得起的;B.basic 基础的;C.considerable 可考虑的; D.modest 谦虚的.句意:我们都需要意志力来抵制诱惑,但这样做会给我们有限的意志力带来巨大的代价."considerable costs"意为:巨大的代价.根据句意,故选C.
50.D.考查名词辨析.A.research 调查.B.aspect 方面;C.reaction 反应;D.approach 方法.句意:另一个有价值的方法是收集类似的活动.根据句意及前后文可知,"collect similar activities together"也是一种集中注意力的方法.故选D.
51.A.考查形容词辨析.A.minimum 最低限度; B.maximum 最大限度;C.turning 转动的;D.fixed 固定的.句意:保持转换的时间降到最低点.前文提到转换活动时会消耗精神能量,而此句前半句提出改观这些问题的策略,由生活常识得,只有转换的时间消耗少,才会少消耗能量.另外进行相似的活动,也会使转换活动的时间减少.根据句意及前后文,故选A.
52.B.考查动词辨析.A.analyzing 解析;B.grouping 集合;C.assigning 分配;D.undertaking 担任.句意:不要整天散布电话、会议和邮件,试着集合一些相关的任务,以便减少转换.前文提到"collect similar activities together"把一些相关的活动收集在一起.此空前后照应.根据句意,故选B.
53.C.考查形容词辨析.A.disturbing 令人不安的;B.annoying 讨厌的;C.unavoidable 不可避免的;D.unnecessary 没有必要的.句意:在一些工作中,多任务处理是不可避免的.根据常识及句意,故选C.
54.D.考查形容词辨析.A.sympathetic 交感神经; B.loyal 忠诚;C.accustomed 习惯; D.connected 连接;句意:我们中的一些人确实需要与我们的客户、同事和经理保持联系."connected to"意为:与…保持联系.此句是对多任务处理的工作的进一步解释.根据句意,故选D.
55.A.考查名词辨析.A.matter 问题;B.function 作用; C.work 工作; D.interfere 干涉.句意:记住,你在一天中减少任务转换的次数越多,你处理实际问题的能力就越强.根据句意,故选A.
点评 本文是完形填空题型.做完形填空时,学生要注意始终抓住文章本身,联系"双语境"来判断,既大语境--全文中心和基调,小语境--空格前后句子所构成的语境;再根据前有伏笔后有呼应的思路来做题.
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A. | Goodbye was said | B. | Goodbye said | ||
C. | Goodbye having said | D. | Goodbye saying |
I never took courses related to computers or programming.I was never interested to be a programmer but things (43)D.Computers gradually became my (44)A and I realized I am more dependent on computers and I started (45)C the back-end processes happening inside the CPU and I was amazed by its thought.That's when I decided to pursue masters in IT.
(46)A,it was very difficult.My English accent was (47)D.And I was also lacking (48)A money.Most importantly,the courses seemed nightmares when I first saw them.(49)C,I never gave up.It was my father that pushed me out of my comfort zone and (50)B confidence in me to pursue the degree I (51)A.
I took it as a (52)A and never thought about the fact that I don't have money to eat or I am (53)D to this programming degree.I believed in hard work,which is my (54)B.So the hard days (55)C and it got (56)C every day to understand the subjects and concepts.
Hard work always (57)B.I got some offers and I decided to choose this university which promised its students to help them gain the knowledge (58)C.Right now I am graduating with a GPA of 3.96/4 and an employment (59)C from a MNC company asking me to start right after my (60)B.
41.A.excuses | B.reasons | C.situations | D.surroundings |
42.A.uneasy | B.difficult | C.simple | D.easy |
43.A.happened | B.worsened | C.improved | D.changed |
44.A.companions | B.teachers | C.rivals | D.colleagues |
45.A.talking | B.seeing | C.imagining | D.making |
46.A.Initially | B.Suddenly | C.Lately | D.Similarly |
47.A.fluent | B.thick | C.international | D.terrible |
48.A.in | B.for | C.on | D.with |
49.A.Besides | B.Therefore | C.However | D.Though |
50.A.gave | B.filled | C.lent | D.found |
51.A.wanted | B.got | C.cherished | D.achieved |
52.A.challenge | B.joke | C.secret | D.trick |
53.A.eager | B.hard-working | C.experienced | D.new |
54.A.origin | B.strength | C.performance | D.progress |
55.A.passed away | B.passed onto | C.passed by | D.passed through |
56.A.harder | B.worse | C.much easier | D.much stranger |
57.A.pays for | B.pays off | C.comes back | D.comes true |
58.A.hardly | B.mentally | C.practically | D.suddenly |
59.A.rate | B.determination | C.offer | D.arrangement |
60.A.congratulation | B.graduation | C.gratitude | D.contribution |
A. | via | B. | throughout | C. | to | D. | under |