题目内容

People from Great Britain brought the English language to North America in the 16th and 17th centuries. And in the __________ 300 years, there were so many __________ in both places that now people can easily __________ an English person from an American in the __________ he or she talks.

Many old words __________ in England but were kept in America. For example, 300 years ago people in Great Britain got their water from something they __________ either a “faucet”, “spigot”, or a “tap”. All these words are __________ heard in different parts of America, but only “tap” is still __________ in England. Americans often make __________ new words or change old ones. “Corn” is one kind of plant in America and __________ in England.

Also, over the last three centuries the English language has __________ thousands of new words for things that weren't __________ before. And often, American and English people used two __________ names for them. A tin can is called “tin” for short in English, but a “can” in America. The word “radio” is __________ all over the world, including America. But many English people call it a “wireless”. And almost anything __________ something to do with cars, railroads, has different __________ in British and American English.

But now American and British English may be __________ closer together. One thing is that __________ people can hear a large amount of American speech daily in __________, on television, or from travelers. Because of this, Americans __________ to be influencing the British more and more. So some day, English may even be the same on both sides of the Atlantic.

1.A. past B. recent C. oldest D. latest

2.A. citizens B. inventions C. changes D. advances

3.A. pick B. tell C. take D. judge

4.A. voice B. place C. language D. way

5.A. disappeared B. stayed C. returned D. formed

6.A. said B. talked C. spoke D. called

7.A. then B. hardly C. clearly D. still

8.A. necessary B. native C. common D. lively

9.A. of B. into C. up D. out

10.A. another B. the other C. none D. something

11.A. discovered B. added C. improved D. learned

12.A. accepted B. known C. introduced D. understood

13.A. new B. short C. different D. surprising

14.A. produced B. made C. developed D. used

15.A. having B. bringing C. getting D. making

16.A. types B. names C. degrees D. parts

17.A. putting B. staying C. living D. growing

18.A. British B. American C. educated D. ordinary

19.A. families B. buses C. movies D. newspapers

20.A. need B. expect C. seem D. happen

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At home, ordering food from a menu is a normal, everyday routine. I don’t even give it a second thought. In China, it’s a whole other story! Here, ordering is a fun game of trial and error, and the adventure begins before the food is even served!

Many restaurants in central Beijing advertise “English language menus”, but the translations can just add to the confusion. Although accompanying pictures can be a helpful relief, the translations often make the whole experience even more amusing. During my first few weeks in China I tried some delicious dishes with strange names. As an experiment, my friends and I would order things like “students addicted to chicken gristle (软骨)” and “red burned lion head”. It was always fun to see what landed on our table. Eventually we learned that “lion head” was actually pork, and “students” are “addicted” to diced (切碎的) chicken with green pepper.

Recently, I came across a busy restaurant down a narrow side street in a Beijing hutong. It was lunchtime and the small room was packed with people sitting on small stools (凳子) eating noodles. I was hungry and cold, and the steaming bowls looked irresistible! I sat myself down and called out for a “caidan!” In response, the waitress pointed to a wall at the back of the restaurant. The wall was full of Chinese characters describing numerous dishes. There was only one sentence in English: “crossing over the bridge noodles”.

I had never heard of the dish and had no idea what it would taste like. I took a gamble and ordered one bowl of “crossing over the bridge noodles”. A few minutes later the waitress carried over a heavy bowl full of broth (肉汤) and I quickly dug in. It was the best bowl of noodles I had ever tasted! I have been back again and again and each time I point at the one English sentence – “crossing over the bridge noodles”. I always enter a restaurant in China feeling excited and a little nervous. Who knows what the next ordering adventure will reveal?

1.How does the writer find the English-language menus in many of Beijing’s restaurants?

A. Confusing but amusing. B. Easy to understand.

C. Boring and annoying. D. Accurate and helpful.

2.The underlined word “gamble” in the last paragraph probably means ______.

A. taste B. look

C. step D. risk

3.The passage mainly deals with ______.

A. the author’s favorite Chinese dishes

B. the fun the author had ordering food in China’s restaurant

C. a comparison between Western food and Chinese food

D. the correct way to translate the names of Chinese dishes into English

4.The passage is developed mainly in the form of _____________.

A. examples and statements B. comparison and conclusion

C. causes and effects D. time and description

A long flight can affect one's biological block, sometimes for days. Air travelers can get very tired and develop unpleasant feelings when they fly great distances across time zones. The natural order of things can become unbalanced on long, overseas trips from east to west or from west to east. This is what we call jet lag. 1.

● Try changing your meal and sleep times before you go

Several days before you travel, start moving your bedtime and hours for meals closer to the times you plan to eat and sleep on your trip.

2.

Change your watch when you get on the airplane. This is playing a trick on the mind. But it can help you to start thinking of the time at the other end of the flight. Try to sleep on the plane if it is nighttime in the place where you are going. Try to stay awake if it is daytime.

● Arrive early

If you are traveling for work or for a personal reason, try to arrive a few days early, if possible. 3.

● Drink water

Drink lots of water before, during, and after your flight. 4. Alcohol and caffeine can interfere with sleep.

● Move around

During your flight, get up and walk around or stretch every so often. 5. Exercise near bedtime can delay sleep, whether on an overseas trip or at home.

A. Play a trick on your watch.

B. This will give your mind and body more time to correct to the new hours.

C. Now the following tips can help you avoid jet lag.

D. Because exercise benefits you a lot after the flight.

E. Avoid drinking alcohol or caffeine a few hours before you plan to sleep.

F. But after you land, avoid heavy exercise near bedtime.

G. Start making small changes while in flight.

Do People Need Small Talk to Be Happy?

Psychologists (心理学家)have long said that connecting with others is an important part of happiness, but just how much conversation we require is under examination. In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related with happiness.

1.. Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding. Late last year, Princeton researchers reported that small talk keeps closeness with loved ones, and isn’t merely the stuff of awkward exchanges with strangers.

Still, chatting with strangers could brighten your morning. In a series of experiments, psychologists gave Chicago passengers different directions about whether to talk with fellow passengers一something they typically avoided.2.. None of the chatters reported being rejected.

Small talk can also help us feel connected to our surroundings. People who smiled at,made eye contact with, and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas (服务员)reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through the transaction (交易).3.One report found that when volunteers broke the silence to chat with gallery goers, the visitors felt happier and more connected to the exhibit than those who were not approached.

4..In one study, people who were rated “less curious” by researchers had trouble getting a conversation rolling on their own, and had greater luck building closeness with others when they were supplied with questions that encouraged personal disclosure (透露).But people who were considered “curious” needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges. 5..

A. The same is true of gallery goers.

B. They found that small talk is related with happiness

C. But don’t play down small talk just yet..

D. Of course, some people are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger.

E. A “curious mindset”,the author concluded, can lead to “positive social interactions”.

F. Making small talk is an important skill for all the social situations.

G. Those told to chat with others reported a more pleasant journey.

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