The hit movie Notting Hill ()begins with a famous scene．Hugh Grant bumps into Julia Roberts and spills orange juice all over her．After the collision .Grant repeatedly says: I am so sorry．I am so so 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

2．The hit movie Notting Hill （《诺丁山》）begins with a famous scene．Hugh Grant bumps into （撞到）Julia Roberts and spills orange juice all over her．After the collision （碰撞），Grant repeatedly says："I am so sorry．I am so sorry"．
His behavior in this scene is very British．If Roberts'character were from Britain then she would probably apologize repeatedly as well-even if the collision was not her fault．But this doesn't happen in the film，as Roberts is from the US．
A report in The Telegraph last week said that three-quarters of British people apologize when they bump into someone in the street-regardless of whether they are responsible or not．In fact，we Britons use"sorry"in many situations．For example，if we mishear someone，we say"Sorry？"The person we are talking to will also apologize by replying："No，I am sorry!"This can go on for a while as we compete over who is the most sorry．
Life is never as simple as"duibuqi"and"meiguanxi"．
How we use"sorry"has changed．Traditionally，"sorry"was used to express deep regret，but a survey in 2007showed that we use it to mean anything from"What？"to"Whatever!"．
Why are Britons so sorry？Mark Tyrell，a psychology writer in the UK，thinks that our apologetic tendencies （倾向）are rooted in the British class system．We say sorry because historically the new middle classes in Britain had to apologize for not being working class，but also for not really being upper class．Another theory is that we apologize to avoid confrontation （对抗）．For example，if you bump into someone they might get angry．To avoid this we say"Sorry!"right away．
True manners are about being considerate （体贴的），and the modern day obsession （执着）with apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were．The word has lost some of its meaning．Do you see my point？Sorry，it might just be a British thing…

55．The author mentions a scene in the hit movie Notting Hill at the beginning toB．
A．introduce different ways of saying sorry
B．give an example of British manners
C．show what kind of men are considered gentlemen in the UK
D．draw our attention to how and when British people say sorry
56．Which of the following statements might Mark Tyrell agree with？B
A．Americans care less about manners than British people do．
B．The fact British people apologize so much is linked to the class system．
C．British people care too much about which social class they are from．
D．People shouldn't apologize if they are not responsible．
57．We can conclude from the article that the author thinksA．
A．it's unnecessary for British people to be so polite
B．the obsession with apologizing shows Britons are truly sincere
C．Britons should stick to the traditional use of the word sorry
D．the change of how British people use sorry is because of language development
58．What is the main point of the article？A
A．To explore the best way of saying sorry．
B．Britons'overuse of sorry and why．
C．To suggest many British people lack traditional manners．
D．To show how saying sorry has changed over time．

分析这篇文章通过一些电影情节和报道，告诉我们英国人在日常生活中频繁的使用"对不起"，这个单词已经失去了它的一些意思．

解答 55．B．细节理解题．文章第二段的主要意思是英国人如果和别人发生冲突的话，即使不是他的错，他也会说"对不起"的，可知是英国礼仪上的一个例子．故选B．
56．B．细节理解题．根据文章Mark Tyrell，a psychology writer in the UK，thinks about our apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system．马克•泰勒，英国的一个心理学作家，认为他们道歉趋势深植于英国的阶级系统中．故选B．
57．A．推理判断题，通过这篇文章作者告诉我们英国人在日常生活中很多情况下都说对不起，可知这是不很必要的．故选A．
58．A．主旨大意题．文章主要讲英国人在日常生活中频繁的使用"对不起"，这个单词已经失去了它的一些意思，可知文章主要是探索最好的方式说抱歉．故选A．

点评本文文脉清晰，结构很好把握．说明文是历年高考很常见的文体，对于科技类的说明文比较难，而对于说物的文体较容易．本文中，把握好一个中心即作者对sorry这个词进行了介绍．同时，此类文章中推断题要理解作者写作的意图，方可作答．

练习册系列答案

16．Everyone has his own way of saying things and his own special expressions．Many everyday American expressions are based （61）oncolors．Red is a hot color．Americans often use （62）itto express heat．They may say they are red hot about something unfair．When they are red hot they are very（63）angry （anger） about something．The small hot tasting peppers found in many Mexican foods（64）are called （call） red hots for their color and their spicy taste．Fast loud music is popular with many people．They may say the music is red hot，（65）especially （especial） the kind called Dixieland jazz．Pink is a（66）lighter （light） kind of red．People sometimes say they are in the pink （67）when they are in good health．The expression was first used in America at the beginning of the （68）twentieth （twenty） century．It probably comes from the fact that many babies are born with a nice pink color（69）that/whichshows that they are in good health．Blue is a cool color．The traditional blues music in the United States is （70）theopposite of red hot music．Blues is slow，sad and soulful（深情的）．Someone who is blue is very sad．

13．cheer sb．up使某人振作起来．

2．Learning to drive is important to the independence of teenagers，but it is also a great responsibility．Although having a law that keeps 16-year-old drivers from having more than one teenager in the car with them at first seems unfair，there are convincing reasons for this requirement．
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety reports that teens are four times more likely than older drivers to be involved in an automobile accident．It also reports that 16-and 17-year-old drivers are twice as likely to have an accident if they have two teenage friends in the car and four times as likely to have one if they have three or more teenage friends in the car with them．Fatal （致命的） crashes of 16-year-old drivers involve the highest percentage of speeding，driver error，and number of passengers．This information is enough to cause any reasonable person to wonder about the wisdom of allowing new teen drivers to take a carload of friends anywhere，even if the law permits it．
A study at the National Institutes of Health indicates that the part of the human brain that controls judgment and evaluates the consequences of our actions might not be fully formed until the age of 25．Until this study，researchers had placed the age at 18．If this is true，it could explain the reckless （鲁莽的） behavior of many teens，behavior that often extends into their twenties．It also could be a strong reason for being cautious about the driving circumstances of young people．
This is not the only study that indicates such caution is necessary．One study at Temple University in Philadelphia examines the results of peer pressure in ris ky driving situations．The study，which uses a driving game，has an individual guide a car through a course，both alone and in the presence of friends．Three different age groups participated in the study：13-16，18-22，and 24 and older．Members of the oldest group showed caution whether driving alone or with friends present，but the two younger groups took more chances when they were with their friend s．Furthermore，because these drivers were accustomed to the noise and distraction of many passengers，they were unable to see their own mistakes．Once again，this is a good indication that a law restricting the number of teenage rs in the car with a young driver is a good idea．

67．What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 2？B
    A．Many deaths have occurred because of inexperience and overconfidence．
    B．It's reasonable to severely limit the passenger number of teen drivers．
    C．New teen drivers have to．ask permission before driving with friends．
    D．There are many causes behind the teens'driving accidents．
68．From the two studies，the author probably suggests thatD．
     A．different age groups have different peer pressure
     B．teenagers often give wrong judgments above passengers'noise
     C．underdeveloped brain makes teens ignore their mistakes
     D．driving circumstances are bound up with the risk of accidents
69．We can infer that the law restriction can probablyA．
    A．protect teens on the highway
     B．raise teens'sense of responsibility
     C．reduce the number of fatal crashes
     D．force teens to drive with caution70．With which statement would thuthor most
70．kely disagree？C
     A．Some teenagers have risky behavior while driving．
     B．Certain laws treat teenagers and adults differently．
     C．We still need more studies on teen driving．
     D．Driving is important to a teenager's sense of independence．

7．A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops．Students are increasingly using laptops for note-taking because of speed．But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts （概念）they have been taught．
Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased the tendency to make notes"mindlessly"by taking down word for word what the professors said．
In the first experiment，students were given either a laptop or pen and paper．They listened to the same lectures and were told to use their usual note-taking skills．Thirty minutes after the talk，they were examined on their ability to remember facts and on how well they understood concepts．
The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand．However，laptop users performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts．Both groups scored similarly when it came to memorizing facts．
The researchers'report said，"While more notes are beneficial，if the notes are taken mindlessly，as is more likely the case on a laptop，the benefit disappears．"
In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory，students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture．This time，the students who wrote notes by hand performed significantly better on the exam．
These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding，but that they also lead to revision in the future．

63．More and more students prefer laptops for note-taking because they can．B
A．write less notes
B．write more notes
C．get higher scores
D．understand lectures better
64．The results of the study show that laptop users performed．C
A．better on the exam．
B．worse at remembering facts
C．worse at remembering concepts
D．better for immediate learning
65．The author of the passage aims toC
A．examine the importance of revision
B．encourage the use of laptops
C．explain the benefit of taking notes
D．explain the benefit of taking notes by hand
66．The passage is likely to appear in．A
A．a science magazine
B．a computer textbook
C．a newspaper advertisement
D．a finance report．

14．Gesture may mean something pleasant in one culture，but is highly opposite in another．
Once a man visited a local restaurant in a foreign country．He ordered something on the menu．When the waiter brought him a plate of delicious-looking fried noodles，he smiled and made an OK sign at the waiter with his thumb（大拇指） and forefinger（食指） linked in a circle．Looking angry，the waiter then picked up the dish and thrown it to his lap．What he did wrong，he wondered．Well，actually the reason is that this sign has quite different meanings in different countries．It means‘OK'，‘good'to Englishmen，French understands it as‘zero'or‘worthless'，while Japanese would read it as‘money'．And don't show this to a Northern Greek．About 2000years ago，ancient Greek have been found showing this gesture as a sexual insult（性侵犯）．It is still thought the same way today．
The gesture‘thumb-up'is also commonly translated differently．In English，it is popularly known as‘OK'．But to most Europeans，it signals the number 1，since they count from 1to 5beginning with the thumb for 1and ending with the little finger at number 5．While American，British and Australian would use the thumb up to show someone needs a ride on the road．
For another example，in Columbia，when describing height，people must choose different gestures depending on whether he is talking about a human being or an animal．If he keeps the palm（手掌） of the hand parallel（平行） to the floor，as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child for example，he will very likely be greeted by laughter．In Columbia，this gesture is made for the description of animals．

28．What does the OK signal mean to Japanese？D
A．Good． B．Zero． C．Worthless． D．Money．
29．Why did the waiter in the second paragraph get angry？C
A．The man didn't like the food he ordered．
B．The waiter brought the wrong food．
C．The waiter misunderstood the customer．
D．The man had a fight with the waiter．
30．Which gesture may Americans use to ask for a ride？A
A．Thumb-up． B．Bow． C．Hand-shaking． D．Keeping-the-palm-up．
31．What's the best title of the article？B
A．Funny stories about gestures．
B．Gestures in different cultures．
C．Interesting things around the world．
D．Travel around the world．

11．首先阅读下列文章的提示性图片及简介：

A		By combing through newly digitized census data from the 19th century，J．David Hacker，a demographic historian from Binghamton University in New York，has recalculated the deathtoll and increased it by more than 20 percent-to 750，000．
B		Called the iBrain，this simple-looking contraption is part of an experiment that aims to allow Dr．Hawking-long paralyzed by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis，or Lou Gehrig's disease-to communicate by merely thinking．
C		What we wear can affect not only what people think of us，but also the way our brains work，a study involving a doctor's coat shows．
D		Even after 20 years of studying in the country，Brian L．Fisher，an entomologist，was surprised by the ability of a cyclone to derail an expedition．
E		A Canadian project aimed at creating a genetically engineered pig whose manure would be less harmful to the environment is being halted after failure to find a company willing to bring the animal to market，according to the lead researcher．
F		Scientists have for the first time identified several gene mutations that they say sharply increase the chances of autism，and have found that the risk increases with the age of the parents，particularly the father．

12．During the first half of the nineteenth century in the United States，Christmas was a very different kind of holiday than it is today．There was no set of way of celebrating the day，which was not yet an official holiday．（71）GSome observed Christmas as an important Christian religious day honoring the birth of Jesus．Others celebrated the day with parties，music，drinking and eating．（72）C
（73）FCalvinist Christians banned the celebration of Christmas．But groups such as Episcopalians and Moravians honored the day with religious services and seasonal decorations．
By mid-century，Christian groups began to ignore their religious diffrences over the meaning of Christmas and honored the day in special ways．
Christmas became an important time for families to celebrate at home．More and more Christians Americans also began to follow the European traditions of Christmas trees and giving gifts．Christians believed that the tree represented Jesus and was also a sign of new beginnings．German immigrants brought their tradion of putting lights，sweets and toys on the branches of evergreen trees placed in their homes．
This tradition of setting up a Christmas tree soon spread to many American homes．（74）A As these traditions increased in popularity，the modern trade and business linked to Christmas also grew．
As Christmas became more popular，some states declared the day a state holiday．Louisiana was the first state to make the move in eighteen thirty-seven．（75）B．It was not until eighteen seventy that President Ulysses Grant made Christmas a federal holiday．

A．So did the practice of giving people presents．
B．By eighteen sixty，fourteen other states had followed．
C．And，some communities did not celebrate the day at all．
D．Americans seldom gave each other presents on Christmas Day．
E．But many new American Christmas songs started to become popular．
F．Religion played a big role in how an American might celebrate the holiday．
G．Communities around the country honored the day in different ways．

试题分类