题目内容
【题目】 As Wilson Guarin watched the helicopter roaring above, he wondered if the men being lifted into the sky felt the risk had been worth it.
Moments earlier, Guarin and his children had hiked to Hermit Falls in Angeles National Forest, one of the most popular waterfalls in the Los Angeles area. Soon after they arrived, they saw a man dislocate his shoulder when he jumped into the rock pool at the base of Hermit Falls. Less than a minute later, another man jumped and appeared to break both his legs. Guarin said the cliff jumpers' intentions were obvious. They wanted to get a video of themselves and post it to social media.
A thirst among hikers, often inexperienced and under-prepared, to collect "likes" and shares on Instagram and other social media sites has led to a significant increase in rescue missions by first responders.
The Los Angeles County Sheriff' s Department's Search and Rescue teams conducted 681 missions in 2017, the largest number in five years. It' s a 38% increase from the 491 rescues they did in 2013.
The teams' leaders say the single largest factor for that increase is people posting videos of extreme activities online. Then, without any thought about the difficulty, others try to recreate their own 15-second version of glory.
On Instagram, posts from visitors venturing to waterfalls and swimming holes in Angeles National Forest and other recreation areas show hikers changed into models, striking seemingly the same poses in the same places.
We shouldn't discourage people from enjoying the outdoors. But many accidents are avoidable and happen either when people go off trail or ignore official warnings about an area being closed and visit anyway.
Guarin still thinks about the two men he watched hitching helicopter rides to a hospital. "You get concerned about what people are willing to do - to not have fun. It's risking everything for no reason. "
Well, there are the "likes".
【1】What happened to the two jumpers'?
A.They both got badly injured.
B.They were trapped in a rock pool.
C.They were rescued by the Guarins.
D.They were caught in an air crash.
【2】What is the main reason for the increase in the number of rescues?
A.Hikers are inexperienced and under-prepared.
B.Helicopters are readily available in more areas.
C.Travelers go off trail or ignore official warnings.
D.More people share their extreme activities online.
【3】What do the figures imply in paragraph 4?
A.More social rescues are timely and effective.
B.More attention is paid from the social media.
C.More people raise the awareness of self-defense.
D.More public resources are obviously being occupied.
【4】What does Guarin think of the jumpers' action?
A.It is not a wise thing to do.
B.It is their own version of glory
C.Watching it online is a lot of fun.
D.Getting "likes" makes it worthwhile.
【答案】
【1】A
【2】D
【3】D
【4】A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。越来越多的人为了得到关注而在社交媒体上传自己的极限活动视频，由于不专业而在做极限活动时出现了很多事故，不仅占用公共搜救资源，也是一种很冒险的行为。
【1】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Soon after they arrived, they saw a man dislocate his shoulder when he jumped into the rock pool at the base of Hermit Falls. Less than a minute later, another man jumped and appeared to break both his legs.(他们到达之后，看见一个人跳向瀑布底部的潮水潭时肩膀脱臼。不到一分钟后，另一个人也跳了，双腿骨折。)”可知，这两人都受伤严重。故选A项。
【2】
细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The teams' leaders say the single largest factor for that increase is people posting videos of extreme activities online.”可知，救援数量增长的唯一最大原因是人们在网上上传极限活动的视频。故选D项。
【3】
推理判断题。根据第四段内容“The Los Angeles County Sheriff' s Department's Search and Rescue teams conducted 681 missions in 2017, the largest number in five years. It' s a 38% increase from the 491 rescues they did in 2013.”可知，洛杉矶县警局搜救队在2017年实施了681次救援，是五年内数量最大的。比2013年491次救援增加了38%。由此可推测，这占用了更多的公共资源。故选D项。
【4】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Guarin 说的话“You get concerned about what people are willing to do - to not have fun. It's risking everything for no reason.”可知，他认为跳跃者毫无理由地拿一切冒险，这种行为是不明智的。故选A项。
【题目】请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Generally speaking,people often return to a set level of happiness despite life's ups and downs,For instance,people who win the lottery tend to return to roughly their original levels of happiness after the novelty of the win has worn off.The same-is true for those who are in major accidents and lose the use of their legs.The change in ability can be damaging at first,but people generally return to their pre-accident levels of happiness after the habituation period.This phenomenon is called hedonic adaptation,a concept studied by positive psychology researchers.
There are activities that are more or less affected by hedonic adaptation.Some of these activities are known as pleasures.They can lift your mood and leave you feeling wonderful,but their effects can be relatively a short time.What's more,we get used to them relatively quickly.If you have the same meal every day for a week,for example,you may find it to be less pleasurable by the end of the week. Gratifications(满足）are also such activities affected by hedonic adaptation.They can get us into a feeling of"flow”where we don't notice the passage of time,and where we're thoroughly engaged in what we're doing.Gratifications are activities that require more effort and thought,but the payoff is higher as well The more we engage,the more we enjoy!
Knowing that pleasures don't last long in their effects may make them seem less worth the effort than gratifications.There are reasons why they can be perfect for certain situations,however.First,they bring a quick lift in mood without a great deal of effort.This is actually quite valuable because there is significant research that shows that a lift in mood can lead to chain reaction of positive feelings.Second, gratifications do take more effort,so when you only have few minutes or a very limited amount of energy,pleasures are often the simpler and more accessible option.
Thankfully, we can do something to move away from the limiting effects of hedonic adaptation and engage in activities that can create a greater level of happiness in lie.For example,be sure to make time for hobbies!It doesn't really matter what the hobby is;as long as it's one you enjoy,you'll benefit from it,and these benefits will extend into the rest of your life.It's also a good idea to help other people. This can create greater meaning in your life, and thus create greater happiness.Enjoying your positive experiences is also a great way to maximize the positive in your life.So at the end of the day,a few days, a week,write about three things you enjoyed that day.Then,you'll be reliving these positive experience as you write about them,and can relive them again when you read.
Hedonic Adaptation | |
Concept of hedonic adaptation | Hedonic adaptation refers to people's general tendency to return to a set level of 【1】despite life's ups and downs. |
Two kinds of activities influenced by hedonic adaptations | ●Pleasures are activities whose positive effects are 【2】，and our adaptation to them is also gone fast. ●Gratifications are activities that take us more effort but can bring more 【3】results. In other words, compared with pleasures, they are more【4】to the effects of hedonic adaptation. |
Advantages of pleasures over gratifications | ●Pleasures not only can lift our moods quickly but also are relatively 【5】 ●Pleasures are a better-choice when we're too【6】or worn out. |
Tips of 【7】 the effects of hedonic | ●Take up hobbies that 【8】to you whatever they are. ●Do others a favor and it can make you live more 【9】 ●Enjoy your positive experiences by taking a regular【10】about adaptation them. |