题目内容
7.A castle is a type of fortified(加固的)structure built in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages.This is different from a palace,which is no fortified-though there are many similarities among these types of construction.Usage of the term has varied over time and has been applied to diverse structures.The European castles originated in the 9th and 10th centuries,resulting in its land divided among nobles.These nobles built castles to control the area surrounding them,and they were both offensive and defensive structures.Although army uses are often emphasized in castle studies,the structures also served as centres of administration and symbols of power.Urban castles were used to control the local people and important travel routes,and rural castles were often built near farmland.
Many castles were originally built from earth and wood,but had their defences supplanted later by stone.In the late 12th and early 13th centuries scientific approaches to castle defence appeared,and could function to maximize the castle's firepower.These changes in defence came from a mixture of castle technology.Although gunpowder was introduced to be built well into the 16th century,improved cannon(大炮)fire made them uncomfortable places to live in.As a result,true castles went into decline.
From the 18th century onwards,there was a renewed interest in castles with the construction of mock(仿造的)castles,part of a romantic revival(复活)of Gothic architecture,but they had no defensive purpose.
21.According to the first paragraph,we can knowB.
A.the palace is a fortified structure
B.the castle is different from the palace
C.the palace changed over time
D.the structures of the castle in different ages look the same.
22.what does the second paragraph mainly talk about?B
A.Symbols of he European castles.
B.Functions of the European castles.
C.Influences of the European castles.
D.Characteristics of the European castles.
23.The underlined word"supplanted"in the third paragraph is closet in meaning to"D".
A.produced
B.saved
C.protected
D.replaced
24.What can be inferred from the river?B
A.Castles have nothing in common with palaces.
B.Castles have a history of more than 1,000years in Europe.
C.Castles were mainly used for defensive purposes after the 18th century.
D.The introduction of gunpowder instantly influenced castle building in Europe.
分析 本文讲述欧洲城堡的历史及其功能的变化.
解答 21.B 细节理解题.根据第一段句子This is different from a palace,which is no fortified 这不同于一座宫殿,这是没有加固的.所以答案选B.
22.B 推理判断题.根据第二段Although army uses are often emphasized in castle studies,the structures also served as centres of administration and symbols of power.Urban castles were used to control the local people and important travel routes,and rural castles were often built near farmland.虽然在城堡研究中经常强调军队的使用,但建筑物也作为行政中心和权力的象征,城市城堡被用来控制当地人和重要的旅行路线,乡村城堡通常建在农田附近.可见提到的是城堡的功能,所以答案选B.
23.D 推理判断题.根据第三段Many castles were originally built from earth and wood,but had their defences supplanted later by stone.许多城堡最初是用泥土和木头建造的,但后来用石头代替了他们的防御工事.所以答案选D.
24.B 推理判断题.根据第二段The European castles originated in the 9th and 10th centuries欧洲城堡起源于第九和第十世纪.距今有1000年的历史,所以答案选B.
点评 本文主要考查推理判断题,要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上,做出一定的推理判断,从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义.推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话,也可能是某几句话,所以,推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案:即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合.推理判断题的题干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语. 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题.