题目内容
20.The 11billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like"I never do anything right"into positive ones like"I can succeed."But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right?Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect:it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.The study's authors,Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick,begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive,they actually feel worse,not better.If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein,you're just underlining his faults.In one 1990s experiment,a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled.When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy,they felt even worse about what they had written.
In this experiment,Wood,Lee and Perunovic measured 68students'self-esteem.The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes.Every 15seconds,one group of students heard a bell.When it rang,they were supposed to tell themselves,"I am lovable."
Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation.In fact,their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group,who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them.In the fighting,we not only often fail but can make things worse.Meditation (静思) techniques,in contrast,can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger,more realistic perspective.Call it the power of negative thinking.
(Note:Answer the question or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12WORDS)
78.The self-help industry is based onthe concept of positive thinking.
79.The finding of the Canadian researchers is thatencouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good.
80.From the experiment of Wood,Lee and Perunovic,we know thatforcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.
81.From the last paragraph,we know thatmeditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.
分析 本文是一篇科教类阅读.文章开头提出了一个问题"鼓励一个人积极向上总是会有好的结果吗",作者通过一个研究说明这样做未必会有我们预料的结果.文章最后提出了一种新的心理治疗方式--Meditation (静思).
解答 78.the concept of positive thinking 信息提取题.根据第一段The 11billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like"I never do anything right"into positive ones like"I can succeed.可知自助产业是依据积极思维的概念建立的.故该处填the concept of positive thinking.
79.encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good 信息转换题.根据第二段Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect可知研究人员发现试图让人们更积极地思考或许会产生相反的效果.之后,作者在下一段又再次强调了这一观点"older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive,they actually feel worse,not better.".故该处填encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good.
80.forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem 概括总结题.根据第四段Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation.In fact,their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group,who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.可知这个实验告诉我们:强迫一个人思考积极地想法可能会降低他们的自尊.故该处填forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.
81.meditation 信息提取题.根据最后一段 Meditation (静思) techniques,in contrast,can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger,more realistic perspective.可知静思技术,相比之下,能教人把自己的缺点变成一个更大的,更现实的视角.所以静思是一种好的心理治疗方式.故该处填meditation.
点评 本文考察学生对上下文的理解概括能力,首先通读全文了解文章的整体大意,再针对性地找出有关语句进行分析,最后进行归纳总结,找出答案.
A. | the; the | B. | a; the | C. | a; a | D. | 不填;a |
A. | hold | B. | settle | C. | remain | D. | hesitate |