题目内容

12.Besides containing attractive flowers,trees and other plants that beautify the community,ecofriendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.
A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden.It is just a far more ecofriendly garden.Usually it is built lower than the ground.Rain gardens make smart use of rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak(浸入)slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.
Thus,a rain garden keeps the water,allowing it to be used as needed by plants in the rain garden,rather than flowing immediately into nearby streams and going unused.The water will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two.This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed.This is a simple,attractive,and ecofriendly"green"way to treat storm water.
What's more,planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.Without using expensive machinery and chemicals,rain gardens remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and cut down on the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.
Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate,soil,and water conditions.They may attract local wildlife such as native birds.Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week,unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.Once native plants establish the necessary root system,they will require little care.
Often,local governments and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks as a way to improve the environment and solve flooding problems.However,you don't need to be a professionally environmental engineer to create a rain garden.As long as you're ecoconscious homeowners,you can help the environment by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.

4.Which of the following is NOT true for the function of rain gardens?B
A.They are good for living conditions.
B.They increase pollution.
C.They can beautify the community.
D.They improve the environment.
5.Which of the following is the ecofriendly function of rain gardens discussed in Paragraph 4?A
A.They can help reduce the pollution problem.
B.They can keep the rain and storm water.
C.They can be healthy for the people around.
D.They can make the environment more beautiful.
6.One of the main reasons why native plants are recommended is thatD.
A.they cost less and are much easier to get
B.they may attract local wildlife to come
C.they require little care from the local gardener
D.they are more used to the local growing conditions
7.What do we know about rain gardens?C
A.They need little water after all the plants are planted.
B.They may attract local birds and change the local climate.
C.They usually need at least an inch of rainwater a week.
D.They may reduce the water pollution problem by 70%.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了生态雨水花园,它是一种环保的花园,既可以保护环境也可以美化人们的生活环境,同时作者在文章中介绍了这种雨水花园所需要的条件.

解答 4.B  细节理解题,根据第二段It is just a far more ecofriendly garden.Usually it is built lower than the ground.可知这种花园是环保花园,不会污染环境,故选B.
5.A  细节理解题,根据第四段What's more,planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.可知在第四段中讲述了这种雨水花园可以帮助减少污染问题,故选A.
6.D  细节理解题,根据第五段Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate,soil,and water conditions.可知作者推荐使用本地植物的一个主要原因是因为它们更习惯于当地的生长条件,故选D.
7.C  推理判断题,根据第五段Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week,unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.可知在种植之后应该立刻给你的花园浇水,除非每个星期有一英寸的雨水,故选C.

点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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56.What kind of life does the author suggest in this,passage?(no more than 2 words)Green living.
57. What does the Albanese'Organization specialize in?( no more than 6 words)(It specializes in)building green buildings
                                                                                     
58.How does the Visionaire save water?(no more than 5 words)It purifies and reuses water./By purifying and reusing water
59.What is this passage mainly about?( no more than 6 words)Green/Eco-friendly buildings in New York City
60.Why does the author say"green"buildings are healthier according to the last two paragraphs?(no more than 9 words)Because they have crisp and pure air in them./Because the air is crisp and pure..
20.The 11billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like"I never do anything right"into positive ones like"I can succeed."But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right?Is there power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect:it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.The study's authors,Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick,begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive,they actually feel worse,not better.If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein,you're just underlining his faults.In one 1990s experiment,a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled.When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy,they felt even worse about what they had written.
In this experiment,Wood,Lee and Perunovic measured 68students'self-esteem.The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes.Every 15seconds,one group of students heard a bell.When it rang,they were supposed to tell themselves,"I am lovable."
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The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them.In the fighting,we not only often fail but can make things worse.Meditation (静思) techniques,in contrast,can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger,more realistic perspective.Call it the power of negative thinking.
(Note:Answer the question or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12WORDS)

78.The self-help industry is based onthe concept of positive thinking.
79.The finding of the Canadian researchers is thatencouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good.
80.From the experiment of Wood,Lee and Perunovic,we know thatforcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.
81.From the last paragraph,we know thatmeditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.
7.Cooking programs and classes for children seem to positively influence children's food preferences and behaviors,according to a recent review.And,although the review didn't look at long-term effects of such programs,the findings suggest that such programs might help children develop long-lasting healthy habits.
This research comes at a time when childhood obesity(肥胖) rates have been rising rapidly.More than one-third of adolescents in the United States were obese in 2012,according to the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).This trend has been caused,at least in part,by a significant decrease in the amount of meals that people consume at home since the 1980s,according to background information in the study.
Cooking education programs,such as Food Explorers,teach children about new healthy foods and how to prepare them.They also stress the importance of eating five fruits and vegetables every day.A volunteer parent explains a new food to the group,and the kids make something based on the lesson,such as fruit or vegetable salad.Depending on the program,kids may be sent home with information about healthy foods to bring to their parents,the review explained.
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The study stressed the importance of getting parents involved in(参与) their children's eating habits.Parents who are unable to enroll their kids in a cooking class can achieve similar benefits by having their kids help them while they prepare meals at home.Children are more comfortable at home,which makes them more receptive to new foods because they will make the connection to a positive experience.

36.What can we infer from the second paragraph?A
A.Eating out frequently causes obesity.
B.Childhood obesity is totally caused by eating habit.
C.Childhood obesity rates have been rising rapidly since 2012
D.Food consumption has decreased significantly since the 1980s.
37.On cooking education programs,C.
A.children learn how to prepare foods from their parents
B.children will learn how to cook in the company of their parents
C.children may learn information unknown to their parents
D.children focus more on cooking skills than on information about healthy foods
38.Which of the following is true according to the study?B
A.Parents should let their kids cook independently at home.
B.A greater willingness to try new foods helps building healthy habits.
C.Children who participate in cooking programs are less likely to become obese.
D.Children who take cooking courses are more likely to choose fruits and vegetables as adults.
39.Which of the following categories does this passage belong to?D
A.Education Systems
B.Science and Technology
C.Parent-child Relationship
D.Public Health Research
40.The purpose of the passage isA.
A.to inform the reader
B.to entertain the reader
C.to discuss with the reader
D.to warn the reader.
17.Fast food and too much TV time should not take all the blame for the weight problems.A group of researchers say that a number of aspects of modern living from lack of sleep to environmental chemicals and to living with air conditioning-may be closely related to the weight problems of many people.
Lack of sleep is one of factors.Researches in animals and humans suggest that a lack of sleep over a long time can increase appetite.Studies also show that many adults and children are sleeping less than they used to.In recent decades,adults have gone from sleeping for all average of nine hours to about seven hours.
There is also evidence that industrial chemicals may increase body fat.These chemicals,which are used in products,change hormonal(荷尔蒙的) activity when they get into the body.Studies suggest that people have been getting more and more of these chemicals through the food chain in recent decades.
Another factor that may be making people overweight is air conditioning.The body burns calories when forced to eat less in hot and wet weather,but air conditioning makes it unnecessary for the body to make any adjustment.
Researchers also list other possible risk factors for overweight,including more older mothers,whose children may become overweight more easily; a number of medicines which can lead to weight gain; and fewer people who smoke,since people often gain weight when they stop smoking because nicotine can make people eat less.
No one is suggesting that people should stop working and sleep more,or keep smoking.When it comes to saying any person's weight,what really matters is how much they eat and how much of the food they use every day.That means diet and exercise are still the key.

81.Why does lack of sleep will result in weight problem?(No more than 5words)Because it can increase appetite.
82.How long do adults averagely sleep nowadays?(No more than 2words)Seven/7 hours.
83.How do the industrial chemicals affecting our weight come into our body?
(No more than 4words)Through the food chain.
84.What is the main idea of this passage?(No more than 18words)A number of aspects of modern living may be closely related to the weight problems of many people.
4.The Ebola Virus
Currently,the world is facing an epidemic (流行病) due to what is considered to be among the most dangerous viruses that humanity has ever faced-the Ebola bleeding virus.Though there were announcements about experimental treatments that were reported to be successful in terms of treating the virus,people around the world continue to die from Ebola.
Ebola was first discovered in 1976in Africa,on the banks of the Ebola River,after which the virus has been named.Back then,there were two major outbreaks of the virus,and this is how people learned about it.There exist several strains of the Ebola virus,some of them are deadly to people,and some are not.
The main symptoms of Ebola can appear in a period between the second and the 21st days of infection,but usually it happens on the eighth through 10th day.Among the symptoms that appear in the first turn,one should mention fever and chills,strong headaches,pain in joints and muscles,and general weakness.These symptoms are not too different from those that people usually experience when catching a severe cold,or flu,so victims may even ignore these symptoms,or try to treat them as a common sickness.However,as the virus keeps progressing,a patient develops nausea(呕吐) with vomiting,diarrhea,chest and stomach pains,red eyes and rash over the body,severe weight loss,and bleeding from almost all bodily openings.
The virus is usually transmitted either through blood,or through waste.Infection through blood usually takes place if a person consumes infested meat,or even touches it (for example,butchering can also lead to infection).Also,there were cases when people got infected after stepping in waste of infected mammals,mostly bats.The other ways of getting infected is through skin by receiving bodily liquids via tiny openings.
Even though there is no specific cure for Ebola,doctors still try to treat it.In order to diagnose Ebola,doctors usually take tests on such diseases as cholera or malaria,because it is difficult to diagnose Ebola based only on symptoms.After the diagnosis has been made,doctors start treating the symptoms,which includes killing infected cells,electrolytes,blood pressure medication,blood transfusions,oxygen treatment,and so on.
Though Ebola is a highly dangerous disease,it is not likely that it will spread globally.It is most deadly in anti-sanitary(不卫生的) conditions,which many African countries have an extremely bad reputation for.As for first world countries,even though there is still no universal cure,they are at much lesser risk than African countries.Though the symptoms of Ebola are severe and getting infected is not difficult,with the correct handling of an outbreak,the virus should not be able to spread.


(71)Introduction
●Ebola,a dangerous virus,was named after the Ebola River,on whose banks it was first discovered.
●Despite the (72)announced/reported success in the virus treatment,people across the world continue to die from the virus.

Symptoms
●In the first turn,the symptoms are (73)similar to those that people experience when they are (74)suffering from a severe cold or flu.
●If not (75)taken seriously,the virus will keep progressing,and things will change for the worse.

Ways of getting infected
●People (76)consuming infested meat or touching it can get infected.
●People who step in waste of infected mammals,mostly bats,are (77)likely to get infected.
●People who receive bodily liquids via tiny openings can also get infected.

Treatment and  (78)prevention
●After making correct diagnosis,doctors start treating the symptoms in many ways,(79)including killing infected cells,blood pressure medication,oxygen therapy,and so on.
●Sanitary living conditions play a significant (80)part/role in preventing the outbreak of the Ebola virus.
1.After hours sitting inside Deep Worker,it feels good to get back.While you're stretching on the deck,others on the ship are at work studying the data you have collected.
The rock samples you collected are taken to a laboratory on board the ship.Tests performed on ocean rocks can show the age of the seafloor.Many people will study the videotapes of the swordfish.There is nothing like a video to show others exactly what you saw and experienced in the deep.Videos capture details of how animals move and behave-details that a person sitting inside Deep Worker could easily miss.Those details can help scientists better understand the role each kind of animal plays in its deep-sea community.
While you were below,Deep Worker's exact location was being tracked.Thus,detailed maps of the seafloor,showing underwater canyons and mountains far beneath the surface can be made with the help of this information.Dive by dive,Sylvia Earle and her fellow scientists are piecing together remarkable pictures of the deep sea-a world that until recently was as unknown as a distant planet.
Since Sylvia first began exploring the waters around Florida,she's seen changes-trash on the seafloor,fewer fish,polluted water.These ocean problems in Florida and in many other parts of the world make people like Sylvia anxious.They want to know how to protect the ocean,and how to restore it to good health where damage has been done.
Sylvia and other scientists are learning more about the ocean,especially the deep sea,than ever before.The more we know about a place,the better we understand it.As Sylvia says,"With knowing comes caring.If people care about something,they will work to protect it."
66.What does the bold-typed phrase"this information"in Paragraph 3 refer to?D
A.The location of underwater canyons and mountains.
B.Remarkable pictures of the deep sea.
C.These ocean problems.
D.The track of Deep Worker.
67.Sylvia Earle is probably a scientist whoB.
A.specializes in making maps
B.cares about the ocean
C.works on an unknown ship
D.performs experiments in a laboratory
68.According to Paragraph 4,which statement about Sylvia is TRUE?SylviaBA.has seen fewer fish and polluted water 
B.is concerned about the ocean problems
C.has explored the waters and protected the ocean
D.has restored good health after her injury
69.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?D
A.Working below in Deep Worker
B.Ocean Exploration and Ocean Maps
C.Deep Worker Saving the World 
D.Ocean familiarity and Ocean Preservation.

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