题目内容

15."Drink your milk.It's good for you!"You've probably heard that many times,and it's true.Milk contains calcium,which is a necessary nutrient for keeping bones and teeth healthy and strong.The U.S.government even requires milk as part of the National School Lunch Program,saying that students should drink one cup of fat-free or low-fat milk at each meal.
Last Thursday,however,a group of doctors asked the government to remove milk from the lunch program.The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) says,"Milk is high in sugar,high in fat and high in animal protein,all of which have negative effects on health.""One of the only reasons people talk about dairy,or promote it,is that it is going to help build strong bones."says Dr.Neal Barnard,president of the PCRM.There are better and healthier ways to get calcium such as eating beans,broccoli,cereals and tofu.Orange juice and soymilk that have calcium added to them also supply the nutrient.
Of course,calcium is important for healthy bones and teeth,but your genes,how much vitamin D you take in and getting an hour's worth of exercise every day all play a part.
Some nutritionists disagree with the idea that milk isn't important.Keri Gans,a dietitian,says,"I think it's irresponsible to take away this beverage that children enjoy,especially among those who are unable to meet their nutrient needs for the day,and remove it from the lunch line."
The U.S.government is studying the request of the PCRM,but a decision may be a long way off.Meanwhile,Marion Nestle,a professor at New York University,puts it best:"Milk has nutrients.Other foods have the same nutrients.It's just a food.Like other foods,too much might be a problem."

41.Why does the US government ask students to drink one cup of milk at lunch timeD?
A.They have been told many times.
B.They have taken the PCRM's advice.
C.Fat-free or low-fat milk is less expensive.
D.Milk helps build students'strong bones.
42.Which of the following opinions does the PCRM supportA?
A.Milk is harmful to students'health.
B.Students should drink more milk each day.
C.Orange juice is higher in calcium than milk.
D.Milk is the best way to get calcium.
43.The underlined word"beverage"in Paragraph 4most probably meansC.
A.gene  
B.idea  
C.Milk  
D.Lunch
44.What can we learn from Marion Nestle's words?B
A.Milk has more nutrients than other food.
B.Milk is just a kind of common food.
C.Other food also contains much calcium.
D.Too much nutrient lies in other food.
45.What does the above text mainly talk aboutD?
A.The best way to get the most calcium.
B.The connection between milk and health.
C.Different opinion about the important of milk.
D.Whether to take milk off the school-lunch menu.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,文章主要讲述了美国的传统认为牛奶是对于补钙非常重要的营养品,然而一些专家却呼吁人们少喝牛奶,因为其中有很多的糖和蛋白质,专家认为可以通过吃别的更加健康的食物来给孩子们补钙,文章中也给出了一些相反的观点,总之任何东西吃的太多都是不好的.

解答 41.D  细节理解题,根据第一段Milk contains calcium,which is a necessary nutrient for keeping bones and teeth healthy and strong.The U.S.government even requires milk as part of the National School Lunch Program,saying that students should drink one cup of fat-free or low-fat milk at each meal.可知美国政府要求学生在午餐时间喝一杯牛奶是因为牛奶对骨骼和牙齿的健康和强壮有好处,故选D.
42.A  细节理解题,根据The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) says,"Milk is high in sugar,high in fat and high in animal protein,all of which have negative effects on health."可知PCRM认为牛奶中所含的物质会对健康产生负面影响,故选A.
43.C  词义猜测题,根据第四段"I think it's irresponsible to take away this beverage that children enjoy,especially among those who are unable to meet their nutrient needs for the day,and remove it from the lunch line."可知Keri Gans认为把孩子们所喜欢的牛奶从午餐中删除是不负责任的,故选C.
44.B  推理判断题,根据最后一段Meanwhile,Marion Nestle,a professor at New York University,puts it best:"Milk has nutrients.Other foods have the same nutrients.It's just a food.Like other foods,too much might be a problem."可知Marion Nestle认为牛奶只是一种食品,与其他食物一样,牛奶只是普通食物中的一种,故选B.
45.D  主旨大意题,通读全文可知本文主要讲述了是否应该将牛奶从午餐中删除,故选D.

点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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3.New'York City has lots and lots of buildings,and many people live-there-almost 8 million people!Human beings take a lot of things from the earth,'and they also put a lot of things back into it,including things that pollute the air or use up natural resources.
"Eco-friendly,"or"green"buildings in New York City are good for the environment."Green"living helps save natural resources,makes the air cleaner,and helps us breathe better.
    We spend about 90 percent of our day indoors,where the air quality can actually be much worse than it is outside.
    Certain buildings have more access to natural daylight,appliances that use less energy,and encourage people to use environmentally friendly practices.Green buildings give the people who live in them cleaner air to breathe,and some even have sensors that turn lights on and off when you walk into or leave a room. The buildings also capture and reuse rainwater.
    The Albanese Organization built the first green residential building in North America in 2003.It is called the Solaire,and is located in Battery Park City.Now,in 2013,they are building another new green building in Battery Park City called the Visionaire,which is so environmentally friendly that it is being called America's greenest"high-rise building.       
     The building pud6es and reuses water,using 50% less water than a typical high-rise building. Some of the building's electricity is powered by the sun,and the fresh air is filtered to take pollutants out.
     The buildings themselves were all built using recycled materials from other construction projects,so that. those materials do not just end up in a garbage clump.  It costs more for companies to make these buildings,so the people who live in them have to pay more,too*But reduced energy bills help you save money.  And if you have allergies(过敏),you may end Lip saving on doctors'bills,too,since these buildings are healthier to live in.
"I have a history of asthma(哮喘)and hypersensitivity(高度过敏)to odors and allergens in the air,"said a Visionaire resident,Rod McCowan,52."The air is crisp and pure.  I can tell I'm breathing better."

56.What kind of life does the author suggest in this,passage?(no more than 2 words)Green living.
57. What does the Albanese'Organization specialize in?( no more than 6 words)(It specializes in)building green buildings
                                                                                     
58.How does the Visionaire save water?(no more than 5 words)It purifies and reuses water./By purifying and reusing water
59.What is this passage mainly about?( no more than 6 words)Green/Eco-friendly buildings in New York City
60.Why does the author say"green"buildings are healthier according to the last two paragraphs?(no more than 9 words)Because they have crisp and pure air in them./Because the air is crisp and pure..
10.The earth is dying before us yet we sit and watch.If the TV or the game system breaks,we run off to the stores to get it fixed immediately no matter what the cost.Why aren't we willing to fix our earth?Are our televisions and game systems more important to us than where we live?Where shall we continue to live,until the end of time?
The earth is our home and cannot be replaced.We must take care of it.We have come up with so much technology that limits us instead of helping us.Take that game system we run to repair.What does it do?It occupies kids'time!The earth has already given kids plenty of entertainment in the forms of fields and hills,forests and plains,water and land.However,instead of using what the earth has given us,and helping kids by giving them exercise as they run around,we decide to ruin kids'minds with game systems that glue them to the screen for hours,and make them ignore their homework and chores.We have polluted this earth by making these things which do not even help in any way!
We have already messed up this world,we have ruined the air,water,and animals that it has so willingly provided for us.We need to stop this destruction of life and bring back the world we had before.It will not be easy,but everybody can help!What about something as simple as turning the lights off when you leave a room?Recycling what can be recycled?Picking up litter?Donating money to an environmental organization?None of these things are very hard.We can't just always say,"Oh,the earth is a mess.Ah,well,those big companies that are polluting so much can stop and fix it."Instead,we need to help out.It's not only those big companies; it's everyday things that we do too that are ruining the earth.So stop and think about what you can do to make a difference to our world!

32.Why does the author mention televisions and game systems in Paragraph 1A?
A.To make people better aware of the urgency to the protection of the earth.
B.To explore the great harm done to the earth by too much technology waste.
C.To show the relationship between overuse of those things with early death.
D.To remind people to spend less on them and use the saved money in a wiser way.
33.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that the authorC.
A.thinks we must take care of our irreplaceable home-----the earth
B.thinks running around in fields occupies too much of kids'time
C.takes an extremely negative attitude to things like game systems
D.takes it for granted that technology gives kids plenty of entertainment
34.We can clearly feel that the author wrote this passage with deepB
A.anger
B.emotion
C.sadness
D.regret
35.What is the main purpose of the passageD?
A.To criticize those big companies that ruin the earth
B.To ask people to save kids from the harm done by pollution.
C.To give kids plenty of entertainment in a clean environment
D.To call on people to stop ruining the earth.
20.The 11billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like"I never do anything right"into positive ones like"I can succeed."But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right?Is there power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect:it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.The study's authors,Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick,begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive,they actually feel worse,not better.If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein,you're just underlining his faults.In one 1990s experiment,a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled.When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy,they felt even worse about what they had written.
In this experiment,Wood,Lee and Perunovic measured 68students'self-esteem.The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes.Every 15seconds,one group of students heard a bell.When it rang,they were supposed to tell themselves,"I am lovable."
Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation.In fact,their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group,who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them.In the fighting,we not only often fail but can make things worse.Meditation (静思) techniques,in contrast,can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger,more realistic perspective.Call it the power of negative thinking.
(Note:Answer the question or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12WORDS)

78.The self-help industry is based onthe concept of positive thinking.
79.The finding of the Canadian researchers is thatencouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good.
80.From the experiment of Wood,Lee and Perunovic,we know thatforcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.
81.From the last paragraph,we know thatmeditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.
7.Cooking programs and classes for children seem to positively influence children's food preferences and behaviors,according to a recent review.And,although the review didn't look at long-term effects of such programs,the findings suggest that such programs might help children develop long-lasting healthy habits.
This research comes at a time when childhood obesity(肥胖) rates have been rising rapidly.More than one-third of adolescents in the United States were obese in 2012,according to the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).This trend has been caused,at least in part,by a significant decrease in the amount of meals that people consume at home since the 1980s,according to background information in the study.
Cooking education programs,such as Food Explorers,teach children about new healthy foods and how to prepare them.They also stress the importance of eating five fruits and vegetables every day.A volunteer parent explains a new food to the group,and the kids make something based on the lesson,such as fruit or vegetable salad.Depending on the program,kids may be sent home with information about healthy foods to bring to their parents,the review explained.
The study team reviewed eight other studies that tested different types of cooking education programs.Children in these classes were between 5and 12years old,according to the review.The goal of the study team was to learn more about developing an efficient program to encourage healthy food choices that last a lifetime.The study found that it is particularly important to expose kids to healthy foods on a number of occasions.This makes them feel comfortable with the new foods,which helps them build healthy habits.
The study stressed the importance of getting parents involved in(参与) their children's eating habits.Parents who are unable to enroll their kids in a cooking class can achieve similar benefits by having their kids help them while they prepare meals at home.Children are more comfortable at home,which makes them more receptive to new foods because they will make the connection to a positive experience.

36.What can we infer from the second paragraph?A
A.Eating out frequently causes obesity.
B.Childhood obesity is totally caused by eating habit.
C.Childhood obesity rates have been rising rapidly since 2012
D.Food consumption has decreased significantly since the 1980s.
37.On cooking education programs,C.
A.children learn how to prepare foods from their parents
B.children will learn how to cook in the company of their parents
C.children may learn information unknown to their parents
D.children focus more on cooking skills than on information about healthy foods
38.Which of the following is true according to the study?B
A.Parents should let their kids cook independently at home.
B.A greater willingness to try new foods helps building healthy habits.
C.Children who participate in cooking programs are less likely to become obese.
D.Children who take cooking courses are more likely to choose fruits and vegetables as adults.
39.Which of the following categories does this passage belong to?D
A.Education Systems
B.Science and Technology
C.Parent-child Relationship
D.Public Health Research
40.The purpose of the passage isA.
A.to inform the reader
B.to entertain the reader
C.to discuss with the reader
D.to warn the reader.
4.The Ebola Virus
Currently,the world is facing an epidemic (流行病) due to what is considered to be among the most dangerous viruses that humanity has ever faced-the Ebola bleeding virus.Though there were announcements about experimental treatments that were reported to be successful in terms of treating the virus,people around the world continue to die from Ebola.
Ebola was first discovered in 1976in Africa,on the banks of the Ebola River,after which the virus has been named.Back then,there were two major outbreaks of the virus,and this is how people learned about it.There exist several strains of the Ebola virus,some of them are deadly to people,and some are not.
The main symptoms of Ebola can appear in a period between the second and the 21st days of infection,but usually it happens on the eighth through 10th day.Among the symptoms that appear in the first turn,one should mention fever and chills,strong headaches,pain in joints and muscles,and general weakness.These symptoms are not too different from those that people usually experience when catching a severe cold,or flu,so victims may even ignore these symptoms,or try to treat them as a common sickness.However,as the virus keeps progressing,a patient develops nausea(呕吐) with vomiting,diarrhea,chest and stomach pains,red eyes and rash over the body,severe weight loss,and bleeding from almost all bodily openings.
The virus is usually transmitted either through blood,or through waste.Infection through blood usually takes place if a person consumes infested meat,or even touches it (for example,butchering can also lead to infection).Also,there were cases when people got infected after stepping in waste of infected mammals,mostly bats.The other ways of getting infected is through skin by receiving bodily liquids via tiny openings.
Even though there is no specific cure for Ebola,doctors still try to treat it.In order to diagnose Ebola,doctors usually take tests on such diseases as cholera or malaria,because it is difficult to diagnose Ebola based only on symptoms.After the diagnosis has been made,doctors start treating the symptoms,which includes killing infected cells,electrolytes,blood pressure medication,blood transfusions,oxygen treatment,and so on.
Though Ebola is a highly dangerous disease,it is not likely that it will spread globally.It is most deadly in anti-sanitary(不卫生的) conditions,which many African countries have an extremely bad reputation for.As for first world countries,even though there is still no universal cure,they are at much lesser risk than African countries.Though the symptoms of Ebola are severe and getting infected is not difficult,with the correct handling of an outbreak,the virus should not be able to spread.


(71)Introduction
●Ebola,a dangerous virus,was named after the Ebola River,on whose banks it was first discovered.
●Despite the (72)announced/reported success in the virus treatment,people across the world continue to die from the virus.

Symptoms
●In the first turn,the symptoms are (73)similar to those that people experience when they are (74)suffering from a severe cold or flu.
●If not (75)taken seriously,the virus will keep progressing,and things will change for the worse.

Ways of getting infected
●People (76)consuming infested meat or touching it can get infected.
●People who step in waste of infected mammals,mostly bats,are (77)likely to get infected.
●People who receive bodily liquids via tiny openings can also get infected.

Treatment and  (78)prevention
●After making correct diagnosis,doctors start treating the symptoms in many ways,(79)including killing infected cells,blood pressure medication,oxygen therapy,and so on.
●Sanitary living conditions play a significant (80)part/role in preventing the outbreak of the Ebola virus.

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