French writer Frantz Fanon once said: “To speak a language is to take on a world, a culture. Since the world changes every day, so does our language.More than 300 new words and phrases have recently 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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French writer Frantz Fanon once said: “To speak a language is to take on a world, a culture.” Since the world changes every day, so does our language.

More than 300 new words and phrases have recently made it into the online Oxford Dictionary, and in one way or another they are all reflections of today’s changing world.

After a year that was politically unstable, it’s not hard to understand the fact that people’s political views are one of the main drives of our expanding vocabulary. One example is “clicktivism”, a compound of “click” and “activism”. It refers to “armchair activists” — people who support a political or social cause, but only show their support from behind a computer or smartphone. And “otherize” is a verb for “other” that means to alienate (使疏远) people who are different from ourselves — whether that be different skin color, religious belief or sexuality.

Lifestyle is also changing our language. For example, “fitspiration” — a compound of fit and inspiration — refers to a person or thing that encourages one to exercise and stay fit and healthy.

The phrase “climate refugee” — someone who is forced to leave their home due to climate change — reflects people’s concern for the environment.

According to Stevenson, social media was the main source for the new expressions. “People feel much freer to coin their own words these days,” he said.

But still, not all newly-invented words get the chance to make their way into a mainstream (主流的) dictionary. If you want to create your own hit words, Angus Stevenson, Oxford Dictionaries head of content development, suggests that you should not only make sure that they are expressive (有表现力的) and meaningful, but also have an attractive sound so that people will enjoy saying them out loud.

1.What is the article mainly about?

A. Some new word that got included into the online Oxford Dictionary.

B. The application of new words and phrases.

C. How a language mirrors the changing world.

D. The impact of social media on our language.

2.The underlined word “coin” in the second-to-last paragraph probably means ________.

A. use B. record

C. change D. create

3.How is the article mainly developed?

A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons.

C. By following a timeline. D. By presenting research findings.

4.According to Stevenson, to make the words you invent popular, they should ________.

A. be easy to remember B. have unique meanings

C. reflect the changing world D. be meaningful, expressive and catchy

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Columbus’s discovery of the “New World” took place _______.

A. on purpose B. by accident

C. by heart D. by mistake

King Henry Ⅶ set a standard for people were to speak English,but today can make a decision like that is anyone's guess!

A. why; what B. how; who

C. what; which D. how; what

I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn't like attention drawn to myself.And____ otherwise assigned（指定）a seat by the teacher,I always____to sit at the back of the classroom.

All this____after I joined a sports team.It began when a teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team.At first I thought it was a crazy____because I didn't have a good sense of balance,nor did I have the____to keep pace with the others on the team and they would tease me.But for the teacher who kept insisting on my "____for it",I wouldn't have decided to give a try.

Getting up the courage to go to the tryouts（选拔）was only the____of it!When I first started____the practice sessions,I didn't even know the rules of the game,much____what I was doing.Sometimes I'd get____and take a shot at the wrong direction which made me feel really stupid.____,I wasn't the only one “new” at the game,so I decided to____on learning the game,do my best at each practice session,and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn't ____“just yet”.

I practiced and practiced.Soon I knew the____and the "moves".Being part of a team was fun and motivating. Very soon the competitive____in me was winning over my lack of confidence.With time,I learned how to play and made friends in the____—friends who respected my efforts to work hard and be a team player.I never had so much fun!

With my____self-confidence comes more praise from teachers and classmates.I have gone from "____" in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself,____raising my hand—even when I sometimes wasn't and not 100 percent____I had the right answer.Now I have more self-confidence in myself.

1.A. as B. until C. unless D. though

2.A. hoped B. agreed C. meant D. chose

3.A. continued B. changed C. settled D. started

4.A. idea B. plan C. belief D. saying

5.A. right B. chance C. ability D. patience

6.A. going B. looking C. cheering D. applying

7.A. point B. half C. rest D. basis

8.A. enjoying B. preparing C. attending D. watching

9.A. less B. later C. worse D. further

10.A. committed B. motivated C. embarrassed D. confused

11.A. Interestingly B. Fortunately C. Obviously D. Hopefully

12.A. focus B. act C. reply D. try

13.A. want B. do C. support D. know

14.A. steps B. orders C. rules D. games

15.A. role B. part C. mind D. value

16.A. process B. operation C. movement D. situation

17.A. expressed B. improved C. preserved D. recognized

18.A. dreaming B. playing C. relaxing D. hiding

19.A. by B. for C. with D. to

20.A. lucky B. happy C. sure D. satisfied

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Harry,

I have good news for you that there will be a international music camp in our city this summer The camp is openly to students from all over the world who is interested in playing musical instruments. I know you are a music lover, so why not to join the camp together with us?

At the camp, campers are giving classes by experts in the moring and in the afternoon they do a couple of hour of practice. In the evening, there is a music exchange concert that campers can give performances and plays different kinds of music from their own counties.

I’m sure you will have a lot of funs there. I’m looking forward your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

A study of older men in The Netherlands, known for its delicious chocolate, showed those who ate the same amount of one-third of a chocolate bar every day had lower blood pressure and a reduced risk of death.

The researchers say, however, it’s too early to conclude that it was the chocolate that led to better health. The men who ate more cocoa products could have eaten other food that made them healthier. Experts also point out that eating too much chocolate can make you fat — a risk for both heart disease and high blood pressure.

“It’s why too early to make recommendations about whether people should eat more cocoa or chocolate,” said Brian Buijsse, an expert for nutrition at Wageningen University in The Netherlands, who co-authored the study.

Still, the Dutch Study, supported by grants (拨款) from the Netherlands Prevention Foundation, appears to be the largest so far to document a health effect for cocoa beans. And it confirms findings of smaller, shorter-term studies that also linked chocolate with lower blood pressure.

Researchers examined the eating habits of 470 healthy men who were not taking blood pressure medicine. The men who ate the most products made from cocoa beans — including cocoa drinks, chocolate bars and chocolate pudding — had lower blood pressure and a 50 percent lower risk of death.

“This is a very important article providing epidemiological support for what many researchers have been observing is experimental models,” said Cesar Fraga of the University of California Davis, who does similar research but was not involved in the new study.

Could the study results apply to women?

“Our study consisted of elderly inch,” Buijsse said. “If you look at the other studies, you will see the same effects in men and women, younger people and older people. The findings may be generalizable to women, but you never know.”

1.We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.

A. It has been concluded that the findings are generalizable to women.

B. It needs confirming whether women can share the same effects.

C. The study results cannot apply to women.

D. The findings are applicable to both men and women.

2.Which of the following has the similar meaning to the underlined word “generalizable?”

A. useful B. popular

C. attractive D. important

3.What is the main purpose of the text?

A. To encourage us to eat as much chocolate as possible.

B. To prove to us that eating chocolate can reduce blood pressure.

C. To inform us of a study about the health benefits of chocolate.

D. To warn us not to eat cocoa products because they can make you fat.

To make a living ,they are willing to _______many of the disadvantages of city life such as crime .heavy traffic ,and pollution.

A. put up B. put off

C. put up with D. put away

The British----and especially the English----are bad at complaining. Because of British politeness rules, according to which conflict should be avoided, people either just do not complain, or sometimes bottle it up and then outpour it in another way in other umimportant situations. In fact, there is a TV programme which show the British in typical situations where they would be perfectly reasonable in complaining, but they don’t. In one scene, a woman reads a newspaper over people’s shoulders and the people say nothing or look embarrassed.

The British are also well-known for putting up with bad service everywhere from restaurants to airports and railway stations because the standard rules of behaviour say that it is bad to draw attention to yourself. This is why, when you travel on the tube in London and there is yet another delay, the passengers will look at each other, sigh, smile wearily and raise their eyes to heaven. They might even say, “Huh! Typical!” in a resigned(顺从的)tone of voice that says that there’s nothing that can be done about it. When complaints are made, they are made in an apologetic or a humorous tone of voice. In France ,on the other hand, angry passengers might riot(闹事)and burn down the subway station if they had to put up with the poor service that the London underground provides.

Americans and other Europeans, who are much more direct and in-your-face than the British, often wonder why British people always say “sorry” or “excuse me” when they complain. “It’s like they’re apologizing for something that isn’t their fault, they say. They are missing the point. British people are not really sorry ---it is because the word ‘sorry’ actually works as a distancing skill. This is important in terms of negative politeness and not drawing attention to yourself. If you do not say ‘sorry’ or use other distancing words like ‘could’, ‘would’, ‘might’, ‘possibly’ and so on, you will be seen as rude.”

1.What does the underlined part “bottle it up” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A. Put something into bottles B. Not do anything dangerous

C. Cause problems by hesitating D. Not allow emotions to be seen

2.The French tend to _______.

A. tolerate bad service B. enjoy taking the subway

C. make a complaint humorously D. express their dissatisfaction directly

3.When the British say “sorry”, they actually want to _______.

A. try not to be rude B. apologize sincerely

C. show their feelings directly D. draw attention to themselves

4.Which can be the best title for the text?

A. How to complain B. Complaining politely

C. Poor service in Britain D. Politeness rules across the world

The task of being accepted by a university begins early for some students.Long before1.(graduate) from high school,these students take special courses to prepare for advanced study.They may also take one or more examinations to test how well prepared they are for the university.In the final year of high school,they complete 2.(apply) and send them to the universities3.interest them most.Some high school students may be required to have4.interview with people from the university.Neatly5.(dress) and a little bit frightened,they are determined 6.(show) that they have a good attitude and the ability to succeed.

If the new students7.(accept),many universities will offer an instruction programme for them to get to know the procedures for students advising,university rules,the use of the library and all the other major services of the university.

Beginning a new life in a new place can be very8.(confuse).The more knowledge students have about the school,the9.(easy) it will be for them to adapt to the new environment.However,10.takes time to get used to college life.

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