题目内容

The British----and especially the English----are bad at complaining. Because of British politeness rules, according to which conflict should be avoided, people either just do not complain, or sometimes bottle it up and then outpour it in another way in other umimportant situations. In fact, there is a TV programme which show the British in typical situations where they would be perfectly reasonable in complaining, but they don’t. In one scene, a woman reads a newspaper over people’s shoulders and the people say nothing or look embarrassed.

The British are also well-known for putting up with bad service everywhere from restaurants to airports and railway stations because the standard rules of behaviour say that it is bad to draw attention to yourself. This is why, when you travel on the tube in London and there is yet another delay, the passengers will look at each other, sigh, smile wearily and raise their eyes to heaven. They might even say, “Huh! Typical!” in a resigned(顺从的)tone of voice that says that there’s nothing that can be done about it. When complaints are made, they are made in an apologetic or a humorous tone of voice. In France ,on the other hand, angry passengers might riot(闹事)and burn down the subway station if they had to put up with the poor service that the London underground provides.

Americans and other Europeans, who are much more direct and in-your-face than the British, often wonder why British people always say “sorry” or “excuse me” when they complain. “It’s like they’re apologizing for something that isn’t their fault, they say. They are missing the point. British people are not really sorry ---it is because the word ‘sorry’ actually works as a distancing skill. This is important in terms of negative politeness and not drawing attention to yourself. If you do not say ‘sorry’ or use other distancing words like ‘could’, ‘would’, ‘might’, ‘possibly’ and so on, you will be seen as rude.”

1.What does the underlined part “bottle it up” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A. Put something into bottles B. Not do anything dangerous

C. Cause problems by hesitating D. Not allow emotions to be seen

2.The French tend to _______.

A. tolerate bad service B. enjoy taking the subway

C. make a complaint humorously D. express their dissatisfaction directly

3.When the British say “sorry”, they actually want to _______.

A. try not to be rude B. apologize sincerely

C. show their feelings directly D. draw attention to themselves

4.Which can be the best title for the text?

A. How to complain B. Complaining politely

C. Poor service in Britain D. Politeness rules across the world

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French writer Frantz Fanon once said: “To speak a language is to take on a world, a culture.” Since the world changes every day, so does our language.

More than 300 new words and phrases have recently made it into the online Oxford Dictionary, and in one way or another they are all reflections of today’s changing world.

After a year that was politically unstable, it’s not hard to understand the fact that people’s political views are one of the main drives of our expanding vocabulary. One example is “clicktivism”, a compound of “click” and “activism”. It refers to “armchair activists” — people who support a political or social cause, but only show their support from behind a computer or smartphone. And “otherize” is a verb for “other” that means to alienate (使疏远) people who are different from ourselves — whether that be different skin color, religious belief or sexuality.

Lifestyle is also changing our language. For example, “fitspiration” — a compound of fit and inspiration — refers to a person or thing that encourages one to exercise and stay fit and healthy.

The phrase “climate refugee” — someone who is forced to leave their home due to climate change — reflects people’s concern for the environment.

According to Stevenson, social media was the main source for the new expressions. “People feel much freer to coin their own words these days,” he said.

But still, not all newly-invented words get the chance to make their way into a mainstream (主流的) dictionary. If you want to create your own hit words, Angus Stevenson, Oxford Dictionaries head of content development, suggests that you should not only make sure that they are expressive (有表现力的) and meaningful, but also have an attractive sound so that people will enjoy saying them out loud.

1.What is the article mainly about?

A. Some new word that got included into the online Oxford Dictionary.

B. The application of new words and phrases.

C. How a language mirrors the changing world.

D. The impact of social media on our language.

2.The underlined word “coin” in the second-to-last paragraph probably means ________.

A. use B. record

C. change D. create

3.How is the article mainly developed?

A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons.

C. By following a timeline. D. By presenting research findings.

4.According to Stevenson, to make the words you invent popular, they should ________.

A. be easy to remember B. have unique meanings

C. reflect the changing world D. be meaningful, expressive and catchy

Most people agree that eating healthy food is important. But sometimes making good food choices can be difficult. Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their health and their dining out experience.

Open Table app

Open Table app helps people choose restaurants when they want to go out to eat. It is a free service that shows users restaurant available based on where and when they want to dine. It gives users points when they make reservations, which can add up to discounts (折扣)on restaurant visits.

Max McCalman’s Cheese & Wine Pairing app

Wine and cheese can be a great combination. But which wines go best with which cheeses? Max McCalman’s Cheese & Wine Pairing app can help. It provides information about hundreds of different cheeses and suggests wines to pair with each. Max McCalman’s Cheese & Wine Pairing app is free.

Happy Cow app

Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The Happy Cow app is made for both groups. Users can search for vegetarian-vegan restaurants and stores around the world.

Local Eats app

Restaurant chains, like McDonalds, can be found almost anywhere a person might travel. But sometimes travelers want to eat like locals. The Local Eats app is designed for that. It can help you find local restaurants in major cities in the U•S. and in other countries. It costs about a dollar.

Where Chefs Eat app

“Where Chefs Eat” is a 975-page book. Most people would not want to cam that around. But there is a much lighter app version of the same name for just $15. Six hundred chefs provide information on 3,000 restaurants around the world on the Where Chefs Eat app.

1.What can users get when making a reservation with Open Table app?

A. prizes. B. Books.

C. Points D. Cheeses.

2.Happycow app is designed for those who prefer

A. local foods. B. wine and cheese

C. vegetables D. animal meat

3.What app costs you most according to the text?

A. Open Table. B. Where and cheese

C. Local Eats D. Max MeCalman’s Cheese & Wine Pairing.

Around twenty years ago I was living in Seattle and going through hard times. I could not find _______work although I had a lot of experience and a Master’s degree.

To my ______, I had to drive a school bus to ______my family. At the same time, I had some ______with different companies but they all_______to say I did not get the job. I went to ht bus barn(车库), feeling_______.

Later that afternoon, _______doing my rounds through the town I had an inner wave rise from deep ______ me and I thought “Why has my________become so hard?”

Immediately after this internal(内心的)scream, I ______ the bus over to drop off a little girl. As she_______she handed me an earring saying I should keep it______somebody looked for it. The_______was stamped with words “BE HAPPY” Then I struck me. I had been putting all of my_______into what was wrong with my life rather than what was______ !

One night there was a phone call for me from the_______at a large hospital. She asked me whether I________do a one-day training for 200 hospital workers. I said _______and got the job.

My day with the hospital workers________very well. I got a great_______and many more days of work. To this day I know that it was because I changed my attitude to life.

1.A. satisfying B. probable C. particular D. considerate

2.A. joy B. luck C. surprise D. shame

3.A. meet B. support C. supply D. provide

4.A. meetings B. conferences C. interviews D. reports

5.A. came B. expected C. hoped D. called

6.A. excited B. disappointed C. worried D. frightened

7.A. while B. though C. unless D. until

8.A. beyond B. inside C. upon D. beside

9.A. study B. bus C. life D. position

10.A. carried B. pulled C. brought D. held

11.A. took off B. put off C. gave off D. got off

12.A. as long as B. now that C. as soon as D. in case

13.A. earring B. watch C. necklace D. bag

14.A. money B. ideas C. strength D. energies

15.A. real B. right C. happy D. sad

16.A. nurse B. worker C. patient D. manager

17.A. should B. could C. must D. ought

18.A. no B. hello C. yes D. nothing

19.A. went B. looked C. fit D. appeared

20.A. comfort B. shock C. welcome D. excuse

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