题目内容

9.BANGKOK-The tiny island nation of Tuvalu has promised to do its part for climate change by fueling its economy entirely from renewable sources by 2020.
The South Pacific nation of 12,000people is part of a movement of countries and cities committed to going climate neutral.Since February 2008,10nations have promised to reduce their emission(释放)of greenhouse gases as part of a goal of reaching zero emissions in the next decade.
None of these commitments alone is expected to make a significant difference in the fight to cut heat-trapping gases.But the moves can inspire bigger emitters(排放者)like the United States to take further steps to limit their carbon footprints.
Climate scientists have urged rich countries to reduce emissions from 2005levels by between 25percent and 40percent by 2020to avoid the worst effect of warming.For its parts,Tuvalu hopes to replace the fossil fuels that are imported by ship with solar energy and wind power soon.
Tuvalu already emits almost no greenhouse gases.But because of climate change,many South Pacific islands see worsening flooding.The country is just 10square miles in size,with most of its land less than a meter above sea level.
So far,Tuvalu has equipped a 40-kilowatt solar energy system with the help of Japan's Kansai Electric Power Co.and Tokyo Electric Power Company.The Tuvalu government is working to expand the $410,000project from 40to 60kilowatts,and will extend solar power to outer islands.
"We thank those countries who are helping Tuvalu reduce its carbon footprint,"Public Utilities and Industries Minister Kausea Natano said."And we look forward to the day when our nation offers an example to all-powered entirely by natural resources such as the sun and the wind."

53.What is the main energy source in Tuvalu at present?B
A.Solar energy
B.Imported fossil fuels
C.Wind powder
D.Local fossil fuels
54.For Tuvalu,the biggest trouble now is thatA.
A.it is under threat from rising sea level
B.it lacks enough natural resources
C.Climate change affects its economy
D.it lacks clean power equipment
55.What can we learn from the passage?C
A.It is impossible for Tuvalu to realize its goal.
B.The world will see zero emissions in ten years.
C.Tuvalu imports technology to reduce emissions.
D.Big countries haven't started to reduce emissions.
56.The best title for the passage might be"D".
A.Climate change threatens small island nations
B.island nations urge big countries to reduce emission
C.Countries unite to reduce greenhouse gases
D.An island nation will only use green power.

分析 本文主要讲述了图瓦卢岛国目前的能量主要来源于化石燃料的燃烧,从而导致了大量温室气体的排放,现在这个国家受到了海平面上升的威胁.为此,图瓦卢承诺要减少温室气体的排放,预计在十年里达到零排放.

解答 53.B理解推断题.根据第四段Tuvalu hopes to replace the fossil fuels that are imported by ship with solar energy and wind power soon.可知目前图瓦卢的能量主要来源于进口化石燃料.故选B.
54.A细节判断题.根据第五段But because of climate change,many South Pacific islands see worsening flooding.The country is just 10square miles in size,with most of its land less than a meter above sea level.可知图瓦卢现在最大的麻烦是受到海平面上升的威胁.故选A.
55.C细节理解题.根据倒数第二段可知图瓦卢在日本技术的帮助下来减少温室气体的排放.故选C.
56.D标题选择题.本文主要讲述了图瓦卢这个岛国承诺要减少温室气体的排放,并且在未来的十年里达到零排放.此外,这个国家期待着有一天,所有动力完全由自然资源,如太阳和风提供.故选D.

点评 本文考察学生的理解推断能力以及细心程度,只要抓住文章的关键词,采用寻读的方法查找细节,就能找到正确答案.

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9.Rafting the GRAND CANYON Welcomes You!
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Diamond Creek to Pierce Ferry ( about three hours from Las Vegas)..
Most of the trips depart from Lees Ferry,Arizona ( approximately 2-1/2hours from the south rim of the Grand Canyon).We offer partial trips which allow you to get on or off at Phantom Ranch located at the bottom of the Grand Canyon National Park South Rim.Requiring a hike in or out,with proper planning the horse ride up or down is also an option.Most trips occur between April and October.
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51.If you don't want to take an all-distance trip,you can start atC.
A.Diamond Creek   B.Lees Ferry
C.Phantom Ranch   D.Pierce Ferry
52.On the trip on the Grand Canyon,you are not recommended to enjoyD•
A.oar raft rowing   B.traveling on foot
C.animal riding     D.swimming entertainment
53.At which time of the following is an off-season trip on the Grand Canyon?
A.June.  B.February.  C.October.  D.September.
54.Rafting the Grand Canyon doesn't suggest the reader contact them in the way ofA.
A.calling at it in person   B.filling a form
C.sending an email          D.making a call.
14.It is generally believed that we are getting cleaned when we step under a shower.We are,but we're also giving a home to lots of tiny little creatures we didn't even know about.A showerhead carries thousands of bacteria called Mycobacterium.These can cause problems like coughs and tiredness,and a general feeling of poorliness (身体不舒服).When you turn on the water,the bacteria go from the showerhead onto and into your body.
This is a finding of Norman R.Pace and his team at the University of Colorado,in the US.The scientists investigated bacteria in all kinds of human environment,including showers.Pace's team looked at 45showerheads in nine American cities.They discovered that 30percent of them had large amounts of flying Mycobacterium.
But Pace said that they  pose few threats to the health.Only those with a weak immune system might need to worry.He told the New York Times that the bacteria are not as unpleasant as might be thought.He said that having a shower is no more dangerous than anything else we do in the morning.
But for those who feel sick about the idea of all those microorganisms (微生物),he had some advice.Let the water run for 30seconds before getting into the shower.Why?The number of bacteria is smaller than that when the water is just turned on.If that seems like a waste of water,he added that you could also change your showerhead every few months.
However,Pace had good news too.He has also been testing the air in US subways.Apart from iron particles (粒子),which are ground off the track by the wheels of trains,subway air is fresh.The reason is that a train's movement pumps fresh outdoor air into the tunnels.
Pace explained that he wanted to understand the natural microbial environments of public places.This kind of knowledge might help discover the microbes to be used in a bioterrorist (生物恐怖分子) attack.

56.From the finding of Norman R.Pace,after taking a shower,we might cough or feel tired
becauseB.
A.it's easy to get a cold when taking a bath
B.the showerhead carries many bacteria causing illness
C.we don't get cleaned while showering
D.we don't get a weak immune system
57.According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE?D.
A.Hot water could kill most of bacteria in showerheads.
B.Of 45showerheads surveyed in nine cities,30carried large amounts of Mycobacterium.
C.Changing showerheads is the only way to avoid microorganisms.
D.Shower water contains much less bacteria after being left to run for 30seconds.
58.We can learn from the third paragraph thatC.
A.having a shower in the morning is more dangerous than at other time
B.the bacteria always threat people's health
C.there is no reason to fear microorganisms for people with strong immune system
D.it is better to do some exercise in the morning than have a shower
59.The underlined word"pose"in the third paragraph probably means"A".
A.cause                B.avoid       C.describe           D.promise
60.What contributes to fresh air in US subways?A.
A.The train's movement.B.Iron particles.
C.Train wheels.D.Air conditioners on the trains.
18.Almost a decade after the hit Finding Nemo made clownfish seem totally warm and lovable,environmentalists are now looking for a real-life sequel:Saving Nemo.
    In the United States,a request has been made to extend the protections of the Endangered Species Act to marine species including the clownfish.
But before you start shedding tears for Nemo and his buddies,keep in mind that this request is not based on any evidence of a decline in the clownfish population.Instead,what has sparked concern is the worsening health of coral reefs,which more than one million aquatic species including the clownfish depend on to thrive,even survive.
    In ways it makes more sense to move to protect a species when its habitat declines rather than its actual population.The most important mission of the Endangered Species Act is the protection of species'habitats; without their habitats,there's almost no hope of saving endangered animals,except perhaps in a zoo.
   Earlier this year,alarming news came about the world's largest coral reef system,Australia's Great Barrier Reef (GBR,大堡礁).A study has shown the Reef is in sharp decline,with half of its coral cover gone in the past 27 years.
    Katharina Fabricius,an Australian coral reef ecologist co-authoring the study,has been diving and working on the GBR since 1988-and has watched the decline."There are still a lot of fish…but not the same color and diversity as in the past,"she said.
   The study team used information from more than 2,000 surveys to determine the rate of decline between 1985 and 2012.That overall 50-percent decline,they estimate,is a yearly loss of about 3.4 percent of the Reef.If the trend continued,the coral cover could halve again by 2022.
   Several main factors are responsible for the decline,the study found.Intense tropical cyclones (热带气旋),believed to be fueled by global warming,have caused massive damage to reefs in the central and southern parts of the Reef.Meanwhile,population explosions of the coral-consuming crown-of-thorns starfish (长棘海星) have affected coral populations along the length of the Reef.Two severe coral bleaching (变白) events,caused by ocean warming,have also had major damaging impacts in northern and central parts of the GBR.
72.A request has been made in the United States to save the clownfish becauseB
A.it is a totally warm and lovable species        
B.the health of its habitat is worsening
C.its population has dropped sharply          
D.few clownfish can be found in zoos
72.What does the underlined word"thrive"in Paragraph 3 probably mean?C
A.To feed oneself
B.To keep oneself safe.
C.To grow and develop well
D.To attract attention.
74.According to the article,what is the AUTHOR'S attitude toward the request in the U.S.?A
A.He/she supports it.
B.He/she finds it ridiculous.
C.He/she thinks it is reasonable but needs revising.
D.There's no WAY to tell.
75.According to the article,all of the following factors contribute to the decline of Great Barrier Reef's coral cover exceptA
A.the growing popularity of scuba (水肺)diving around the Reef
B.stronger tropical cyclones fueled by global warming
C.the rapidly growing population of type of coral-eating starfish
D.coral bleaching caused by rising temperature of the ocean water.

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