题目内容
In 1780 James Watt produced art efficient steam engine which powered 40 machines in a Glasgow factory． That date is normally taken as the beginning of the Industrial Age． Since then, industrial development has changed our way of life more and more． The revolution in communications, for example, has made the world seem much smaller． The invention of the telephones in 1876 by another Scotsman, Bell, and Marconi's first radio broadcast 19 years later were both important developments． But the Italian inventor’s early radios seem very primitive compared with modern portable radios． These were made possible by the invention of the transistor by W． B． Shockley in the USA in 1948． This device replaced the valve in radios．
There have been many changes in transport, too, since the development of the wheel, 6, 000 years ago． Daimler and Benz, both Germans, built one of the first practical petrol-driven motor cars in 1885． Only 18 years later, the Wright brothers, from America, flew their first plane．
Now, we have jets and, since the work of Christopher Cockerell in Britain in the 1950's, the hovercraft．
In medicine, the most significant advance came in 1928, when Sir Alexander Fleming, also an Englishman, discovered penicillin, which has saved countless lives since．
1．Which of these was invented or discovered first? Put them in order．
A．the telephone B． penicillin C． the transistor D． the steam engine
E． radio F． the plane G． the motor car H． the wheel
1_____ 2 ______ 3 ______ 4 _______ 5 _______ 6 _______ 7 _______ 8 _______
2．James Watt was _______
A．a Scottish engineer． B． an English engineers
C．an Italian engineer． D． a German engineer．
3．Our way of life has changed greatly ever since
A．James Watt produced an efficient steam engine．
B．the revolution in communications．
C．the discovery of penicillin．
D．we have jets．
4．Choose the right words to complete the sentences．
A．Bell the telephone in 1876．
B．Penicillin _____ _____ by Fleming in 1928．
C．Valves in radios have now been _____ by transistors．
D．One of the first practical petrol-driven motor cars _____ ______ by two German engineers．
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi “Father of the nation”－Mahatma Gandhi Born October 2,1869 Porbandar, Gujarat, India Died January 30,1948 New Delhi, India Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi(October 2,1869-January 30,1948),(Devanagari), called Mahatma Gandhi, was the Charismatic(有魅力的；有吸引力的)leader who brought the cause of India’s independence from British colonial(殖民)rule to world attention．His philosophy(哲学)of non-violence, for which he has influenced(影响)both nationalist and international movements for peaceful change．
By means of non-violent civil struggle(非暴力反抗), an idea he developed from the teachings of Leo Tolstoy and Henry David Thoreau, Gandhi helped bring about India’s independence from British rule．
Early life Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born into a Hindu family in Porbandar, Gujarat, India．They were descendants(后代)of traders(the word “Gandhi”means grocer)．
Gandhi was an ordinary student in his youth at Porbandar and later Rajkot, and almost passed the exam for the University of Bombay in 1887, joining Samaldas College．
At the age of 19, Gandhi went to University College, of the University of London, to train as a barrister．His time in London, was influenced by a vow(发誓)he had made to his mother on leaving India to observe the Hindu giving up meat and alcohol．Although Gandhi experimented with becoming “English”, taking dancing lessons for example, he couldn’t stomach his landlady’s mutton and cabbage．She pointed him towards one of London’s vegetarian restaurants．Rather than simply going along with his mother’s wishes, he read about, and became vegetarianism(素食主义)．He joined the Vegetarian Society, was elected to its Executive Committee(执行委员会), and founded a local chapter(草案)．He later treasured(珍惜)this with giving him valuable experience in organising and running institutions(协会)．Some of the vegetarians he met were members of the Theosophical Society, which had been founded in 1875 by H．P．Blavatsky to further brotherhood．Although he hadn’t shown a particular interest in religion(宗教)before then, he began to read works of, and about, Hinduismand other religions．
［问题导入］How do you think of “father of the nation”?
A father’s view：“Father of the nation”must be given a person who has done lots of unusal things．
A leader’s view：The name is not for an ordinary person．
A journalist’s view：Sun Zhongshan is Chinese people’s “Father of the nation”．I admired him．
A teacher’s view：Sun Zhongshan can’t be considered as Gandhi who was an Indian person．
A worker’s view：I think their hard struggle and suffering is not worth the name “Father of the nation”．
My view：________
An election year is one in which all four numbers can be divided by four (1944, 1948, etc.). Since 1840, American presidents elected in years ending in zero have been noticed to die in office. William H. Harrison, the man who served the shortest term, died of a kind of deadly illness several weeks after he took office.
Abraham Lincoln was one of the four presidents who were murdered. He was elected in 1860, and his death came just five years later.
James A Garfield, a former Union Army general from Ohio, was shot during his first year in
office (1881) by a man to whom he wouldn't give a job.
While in his second term of office (1901), William McKinley, another Ohioan, attended the
Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo, New York. During the reception, he was killed while shaking hands with some of the guests.
Three years after election in 1920, Warren G. Harding died in office. Although it was never
proved, many believed he was poisoned.
Franklin D. Roosevelt had been elected four times (1932, 1936, 1940, and 1944), the only man to serve so long a term. He had suffered from poliomyelitis(小儿麻痹)in 1921 and died of the illness in 1945.
John F. Kennedy, the last of the line, was shot in 1963, only three years after his election.
67. Which of the following was an election year?
A. 1962 B. 1928 C. 1890 D. 1846
68. served the shortest term in office.
A. Abraham Lincoln B. Warren G. Harding
C. William McKinley D. William H. Harrison
69. Which of the following statements is true?
A. All presidents elected in years ending in zero have died in office.
B. Only presidents from Ohio have died in office.
C. Franklin D. Roosevelt completed four times as president.
D. President Abraham Lincoln died in the year of 1865
70. How many presidents elected in years ending in zero since 1840 have died in office?
A. 7 B. 6 C. 5 D. 4
