题目内容

  In 1780 James Watt produced art efficient steam engine which powered 40 machines in a Glasgow factory. That date is normally taken as the beginning of the Industrial Age. Since then, industrial development has changed our way of life more and more. The revolution in communications, for example, has made the world seem much smaller. The invention of the telephones in 1876 by another Scotsman, Bell, and Marconi's first radio broadcast 19 years later were both important developments. But the Italian inventor’s early radios seem very primitive compared with modern portable radios. These were made possible by the invention of the transistor by W. B. Shockley in the USA in 1948. This device replaced the valve in radios.

  There have been many changes in transport, too, since the development of the wheel, 6, 000 years ago. Daimler and Benz, both Germans, built one of the first practical petrol-driven motor cars in 1885. Only 18 years later, the Wright brothers, from America, flew their first plane.

  Now, we have jets and, since the work of Christopher Cockerell in Britain in the 1950's, the hovercraft.

  In medicine, the most significant advance came in 1928, when Sir Alexander Fleming, also an Englishman, discovered penicillin, which has saved countless lives since.

1.Which of these was invented or discovered first? Put them in order.

A.the telephone B. penicillin   C. the transistor D. the steam engine

E. radio    F. the plane   G. the motor car H. the wheel

1_____ 2 ______ 3 ______ 4 _______ 5 _______ 6 _______ 7 _______ 8 _______

2.James Watt was _______

A.a Scottish engineer.   B. an English engineers

C.an Italian engineer.   D. a German engineer.

3.Our way of life has changed greatly ever since  

A.James Watt produced an efficient steam engine.

B.the revolution in communications.

C.the discovery of penicillin.

D.we have jets.

4.Choose the right words to complete the sentences.

A.Bell    the telephone in 1876.

B.Penicillin _____ _____ by Fleming in 1928.

C.Valves in radios have now been _____ by transistors.

D.One of the first practical petrol-driven motor cars _____ ______ by two German engineers.

答案:h,d,a,g,e,f,b,c;A;A;invented,was discovered,replaced,was built
解析:

  3.Our way of life has changed greatly ever since   及其选项A.James Watt produced an efficient steam engine.之和是 In 1780 James Watt produced art efficient steam engine which powered 40 machines in a Glasgow factory. That date is normally taken as the beginning of the Industrial Age. Since then, industrial development has changed our way of life more and more.的改写与概括。


提示:

  话题:世界重大发明简介。重点:细节捕捉、确定时间顺序。


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  People generally use spices(香料)every day when preparing mealsMost of these spices are readily available in local supermarketsHowever, in the 15th and 16th centuries, spices were as valuable as gold or diamondsSpices are small plants or parts of plants, such as ginger, pepper, vanilla, and cinnamon, which are used to add flavor to our food  1   Such a use for spices actually goes all the way back to Roman times.The Romans used spices such as cumin and coriander to help preserve food.

  The spices came to Europe from countries to the east, such as the islands in the East Indies, Sri Lanka, and India.  2   Because of the long journeys involved, they were very expensive.

  European sailors began to look for routes to these countries themselves in order to bring back the spices by sea.In 1498, a Portuguese explorer named Vasco Da Gama reached an East Indies island called Calicut.  3   In 1519, another Spanish explorer, Ferdinand Magellan, found a new trade route by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean, around the southern tips of both South America and Africa, and back to Europe.

    4   Portugal was the leader until the end of the 16th century.Spain was in control during much of the next 100 years.Then, Holland took over.The Dutch controlled the East Indies, but, in 1780, England defeated them in a famous war.  5   They treated the people there badly and made them submit to the British government.

  India finally became independent from Britain in the 1940s.Today, it is still called“the land of spices”.In fact, at present India produces 2.5 million tons of spices each year and produced more types of spices than any other country.

AFor centuries, Arab traders had carried the spices over land and sold them to European countries

BFor the next four centuries, Western countries raced each other for control of the spice trade in these new countries, which they called the“New World.”

CThough they might not be as valuable today as gold or diamonds, spices are still big business around the globe.

DSix years earlier, Spanish explorer Christopher Columbus had been looking for spices when he discovered America.

EThe English then moved from the islands into India.

FThe history of spice is almost as old as human civilization.

GIn those times, spices also helped keep meat from spoiling.

读写任务

阅读下面短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文.

  For most people,the word “fashion” means “clothes".When people ask the question,“What's in fashion in Italy?”they normally mean,“What clothes are in fashion?” And they use the adjective “fashionable” in the same way.“She was wearing some fashionable boots.” "His shirt has a really fashionable color.”

  But,of course,there are fashions in many things,not only in clothes.There are fashions in holidays,in restaurants,in films and books.There are even fashions in university courses,jobs and in languages.

  Fashions change naturally.If you look at pictures of people or objects from the past,you will see that fashions have always changed,An English house of 1750 was different from one of 1650.A fashionable man in 1780 looked very different from his grandson in1860.

  Nowadays,fashions change very quickly.Some of this is natural.We hear about things much more quickly than in the past.Newspapers,radios,telex and televisions send information from one country to another in a few hours.New fashions mean that people will buy new things.There is money in fashion.

[写作内容]

1.以约30词概括上文的主要内容.

2.以约120词对中学生追求时尚的现象进行议论,内容包括:

1) 目前你身边中学生追求时尚的情况.

2)你对中学生追求时尚的看法

3) 你对中学生提出的建议.

[写作要求]

1作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事.也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子.

2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称.

[评分标准]

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