Mom noticed that something was wrong when I started getting so thirsty. I’d have a lot to drink before bed, which was unusual for me. One time, I opened a big container of apple juice and kept refill 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

A growing number of workers at Google Inc., Facebook Inc. and other employers are trading in their sit-down desks for standing ones, saying they feel more comfortable and energized. They also are motivated by medical reports saying that sitting for too long leads to increased health risks.
A standing desk sits high off the floor so a worker can either stand at it or sit on a high stool to use it. Officials at Palo Alto-based Facebook say a number of employees asked about standing desks after news articles were published about the health risks of sitting all day.
The stories cited medical studies that tied excessive sitting to increased obesity and other health problems because of factors including a drop in physical activity. A 2010 study by the American Cancer Society found that women who sat more than six hours a day were 37% more likely to die prematurely than women who sat for less than three hours, while the early-death rate for men was 18% higher. The American College of Cardiology released a study in January that found increased mortality (死亡率) among people who sat longer at home than those who didn't.
No one seems to compile statistics on the standing-desk trend. But anecdotal reports suggest Silicon Valley is embracing the movement.
Facebook officials say they have seen an upsurge in requests for standing desks to five to eight a week with a total of between 200 and 250 deployed (配置) at the company of more than 2,000 employees. Facebook also is trying out a treadmill station ─ where a worker can walk or run on a treadmill while tapping at a computer.
Google spokesman Jordan Newman said that 'many employees at Google opt for standing desks, and we offer them as part of our wellness program' though he said he didn't know the exact number.
Greg Hoy, 39 years old, asked for a standing desk shortly after joining Facebook seven months ago as a design recruiter. 'I don't get the 3 o'clock slump anymore,' he said. 'I feel active all day long.'
小题1:The underlined word “motivated” in paragraph 1 can be replaced by .

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．
The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”
To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”
小题1:What is the main topic of the passage?

A．The history of people’s sleeping patterns．

B．The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times．

C．Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit．

D．The minimum of our sleeping hours．

小题2:Which of the following is Dr．David’s opinion?

A．People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep．

B．Some people can remain energetic with only 6．5 hours’ sleep a night．

C．If they get 8．5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition．

D．People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't．

小题3:People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9．5 hours a night because _______．

A．they had no electricity

B．they knew what was best for their health

C．they were forced by their parents to do so

D．they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are

小题4:The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _______．

A．the endless TV programs in the evenings and the internet

B．the heavy work load of the day

C．the sufficient energy modern people usually have

D．loud noises in the modern cities

小题5:What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?

A．Person or thing that is being discussed or described．

B．Branch of knowledge studied in a school．

C．Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on．

D．Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler．

“Oh please God, no, no!” Stephen Eldredge cried out when he saw his wife, Shelli, badly wounded on the side of the road. She had broken actually every long bone in her body, along with her pelvis, jaw, and cheekbones. He was terrified his bride would bleed to death.
Stephen and Shelli had married just six months before near their home in South Jordan, Utah. They were in Hawaii on a family vacation with two of their sons. The family had rented electric motors and headed towards a nature preserve near Waikiki. But Shelli had fallen behind and the family turned back to make sure she was okay.
Shelli lost so much blood that her heart couldn’t function properly and she went into shock at the hospital. Physicians were able to make her come to herself. On the first and second days there, she lived through half a dozen operations. On day three, the worst of Stephen’s fears came true. Shelli didn’t wake. She had shown heart failure and lung failure. “I thought every heartbeat would be her last,” Stephen says.
As days passed with no change, one doctor gently asked if it was time to let Shelli go. An MRI（核磁共振）showed her brain didn’t have much chance of supporting life. Stephen couldn’t bear the thought of trapping his wife’s beautiful spirit in a body that would never work. If he kept her alive, what kind of life would she have ? He called family, religious leaders, and physician friends in Utah for guidance.
And he decided there still was a chance.
The family moved Shelli to a Utah hospital closer to home. In the next few weeks she started opening her eyes, but it wasn’t entirely clear how conscious she was. Nearly seven weeks after the accident, Stephen was joking with his sister in the hospital room when he saw Shelli smile, a big toothy grin. “Did you understand that?” he asked. She smiled again. Stephen fell to his knees in thanks.
Shelli’s recovery has been slow but steady. Initially, she couldn’t remember much of the previous months, including her own wedding. Shelli has endured 17 operations so far and may require more surgery. She will definitely need more months of recovery. But she is able to walk. “She’s got her life back. She’s able to love and be loved, and be the person she was.” Elovie says.
When Shelli hears about each step in her recovery, she calls it “miracle after miracle”. As for his experience, Stephen says, “This is a story of fear that was slowly replaced by faith.”
小题1: We learn from the first two paragraphs that .

A．Stephen and Shelli left home to hold the wedding ceremony.

B．Shelli was mainly wounded in the back

C．the couple were in Hawaii when the accident happened

D．the accident happened on their way to Waikiki

小题2: In the hospital room Shelli smiled for the first time after the accident because .

A．she liked people telling jokes.

B．she had remembered all that had happened

C．she was excited that she got her life back

D．she understood the joke being talked about

小题3: By saying “miracle after miracle”, Shelli means that .

A．she suffered what a terrible accident

B．she appreciated the care of her husband so much

C．the love for her family got her life back

D．it really surprised her that she survived so many operations

小题4:. After reading the passage, what impresses us most may be that.

A．Stephen’s not giving up	B．the doctor’s skill and hard work
C．Shelli’s bravery and persistence	D．the couple’s faith

Your body, which has close relation with the food you eat, is the most important thing you own. So it needs proper treatment and proper nourishment(营养).
The old saying “An apple a day keeps the doctor away” is not silly as some people think. The body needs fruit and vegetables because they contain vitamin C Many people take extra vitamins in the form of pills(药丸), believing that these will make them healthy. But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins. So why waste money on them?
In the modern western world many people are too busy to care about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and carelessly. The list of illness caused or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening.
小题1:The old saying in the passage tells us that_______.

A．the apple is the best among all kinds of fruits.

B．apple can take the place of doctors.

C．eating apples regularly (有规律的) does lots of good to our health.

D．an apple is a sure cure for illness.

小题2:In the second paragraph the writer tries to let us know______.

A．our bodies need food or we can’t live.

B．often eating apples is a good habit.

C．taking extra vitamin pills is completely useless.

D．a good diet is very important to our health.

小题3:From the passage we can draw a conclusion that if we want to keep healthy, we should______.

A．only eat an apple a day.

B．eat properly.

C．take as many vitamins pills as possible.

D．throw food into our stomachs slowly and carefully.

A study led by Professor Mark Weiser of Tel Aviv University and the Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer Hospital has determined that young men who smoke are likely to have lower IQs than their non-smoking peers (同龄人). Tracking 18-to 21-year-old men enlisted in the Israeli army in the largest ever study of its kind, he has been able to demonstrate an important connection between the number of cigarettes young males smoke and their IQ.
The average IQ for a non-smoker was about 101, while the smokers’ average was more than seven IQ points lower, at about 94, the study determined. The IQs of young men who smoked more than a pack a day were lower still, at about 90. An IQ score in a healthy population of such young men, with no mental disorders(心理疾病), falls within the range of 84 to 116.
An addiction that doesn’t discriminate(歧视)
“In the health profession, we’ve generally thought that smokers are most likely the kind of people who have grown up in difficult neighborhoods, or who’ve been given less education at good schools,” says Weiser, whose study was reported in a recent version of the journal, Addiction, “But because our study included subjects with various socio-economic backgrounds, we’ve been able to rule out socio-economics as a major factor. The government might want to rethink how it arranges its educational resources on smoking.
Making the results more significant, the study also measured effects in twin brothers. In the case where one twin smoked, the non-smoking twin registered a higher IQ on average.
Although a lower IQ may suggest a greater risk for smoking addiction, the representing data on IQ and smoking found that most of the smokers investigated in the study had IQs within the average range, nevertheless.
In the study, researchers took data from more than 20,000 men before, during and after their time in the military. All men in the study were considered in good health, since pre-screening(筛选的)measures for suitability in the army had already been taken. The researchers found that around 28 percent of their samples smoked one or more cigarettes a day, 3 percent considered themselves ex-smokers, and 68 percent said they never smoked.
“People on the lower end of the average IQ tend to display poorer overall decision-making skills when it comes to their health,” says Weiser. He adds that his finding can help address serious concern among heath counsellors at grade and high schools.
小题1:The study led by Professor Mark Weiser shows that .

A．the IQ of smoking males is lower than that of non-smokers

B．the IQ of smoking males is higher than that of non-smokers

C．the IQ of smoking males is the same as that of non-smokers

D．the IQ of smoking males is higher than that of female smokers

小题2:According to the passage, a smoking man’s IQ is most likely to be .

小题3:What can be learned from the passage?

A．People in the military are more likely to become smokers than other people.

B．Most heavy smokers are found to have mental problems.

C．Socio-economic backgrounds have nothing to do with smoking behaviour.

D．People with lower IQs tend to be less good at controlling their addiction to smoking.

小题4:What is the meaning of the underlined part “An addiction that doesn’t discriminate”?

A．Smokers do not believe their IQ is affected by being addicted to smoking.

B．All people, no matter what their background, can become addicted to smoking.

C．Smoking is an addiction, and we must not discriminate against smokers.

D．The addiction to smoking is difficult to get rid of.

“You'll have to take care of the baby today,” a woman told her husband. "I'm not feeling well."
"Then you must stay in bed and rest, dear" her husband said. "I'll be pleased to look after our baby." "By the way, shall I do the shopping for you as well?” her husband asked.
The woman was very glad and said, "That will help me very much. I'll give you a list of things to buy"
She wrote out the list and gave it to him.
The man took the baby to the supermarket and put him in the shopping cart. Then he pushed the shopping cart along the rows of things and looked for those that were on his list.
At first everything was OK, but then the baby began to cry.
Then he started to scream.
And scream!
And SCREAM!
“Keep calm, George,” the man said. “Don’t get excited. Don’t shout, George. Don’t lose your temper, George.”
A woman in the supermarket heard him saying so. She walked up to him.
“I think you are wonderful,” she said. “You are so patient with your little George.”
“Madam,” the man said, “I’m George. He’s Edward.”
小题1:The man took care of the baby instead because his wife was .

A．ill	B．busy doing housework
C．angry	D．going to buy things

小题2:The baby cried so hard .

小题3:When the baby was crying, the father kept taking to for relaxing.

小题4:The underlined sentence “Don’t lose your temper.” in this passage means“ ”.

Below is some advice on how to prevent cancer:
8 Ways to Avoid Cancer in Your Life
1. Eat Blueberries
Aside from being a healthy and delicious snack, blueberries contain pterostilbene, which has important colon（结肠） cancer-fighting prosperities. But wait, it gets better. Blueberries also offer a large dose of vitamins C (14 milligrams per cup). So at breakfast, try to take in a cup and a half of blueberries in your cereal or yogurt, or mixed with other berries.
2. Drink Pomegranate（石榴）Juice
The deep red juice of the pomegranate contains polyphenols, isoflavones and ellagic acid, which together create a powerful anticancer mixture. Most recently, researchers from the University of Wisconsin at Madison has discovered that 16 ounces of pomegranate juice per day also may inhibit the growth of lung cancer.
3. Relax
Feeling stressed or worried? Find ways to relax and you may reduce your chances of developing cancer. Purdue University researchers tracked 1,600 men over 12 years and found that half of those with high levels of worry died during the study period. Only 20 percent of the optimists died before the study were completed, while 34 percent of the extremely anxious men died of some type of cancer. Instead of stressing about the past or future, focus on the present and relax!
4. Take Selenium（硒）
Selenium is well known for its cancer-fighting properties. In a study of almost 1,000 men, researchers from the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that when men with the lowest initial levels of selenium in their bodies received a daily supplement over a 4 year period, they cut their prostate（前列腺） cancer risk by a remarkable 92 percent. However, it is possible to get too much of a good thing, so monitor your intake of selenium-containing supplements, Brazil nuts, tuna, meats and grains carefully.
5. Eat Sushi（寿司）
Seaweed may not be your idea of a great snack, but it is high in fiber, calcium and iron, and dry, roasted seaweed sheets used in sushi provide the additional benefits of vitamins A and C. Sushi rolls are also high in protein— a typical spicy tuna roll has only 290 calories but packs 24 grams of protein. So don’t skimp（节省）on the Sushi!
6. Enjoy the Outdoors
Vitamin D causes early death of cancer cells. A study published in the American Journey of Clinical Nutrition reported that women who supplemented their diets with 1,000 international. Units of vitamin D every day had a 60 percent to 77 percent lower incidence of cancer ever a four-year period that did women taking a placebo(无效对照剂). Experts recommend supplementing your fun in the sun with 1,100 to 2,000IU of vitamin D each day.
7. Breathe Clean Air
There’s no question that secondhand smoke kills. A recent American Journal of Public Health study showed that nonsmokers working in smoky places had three times the amount of carcinogen（致癌物质） in their urine（尿） than nonsmokers working in smoke-free locations. What’s worse, their levels of the carcinogen rose 6 percent for every hour worked. Nine states have banned smoking in all workplaces, bars and restaurants. The message is clear: Do whatever you can to avoid the cloud of smoke.
8. Break a Sweat
Even a small amount of exercise can offer major cancer-fighting benefits. In a study of 29,110 men published in the International Journal of Cancer, men who exercised just once a week had a percent lower risk of metastasis(转移性) prostate cancer than men who didn’t work out at all. The better the frequency, duration and intensity of the exercise, the bigger the reduction in risk, according to the study.
小题1:To prevent yourself from catching colon cancer, you should eat ____ as often as possible.

小题2:A person is very likely to catch some type of cancer if ______.

A．he is very fond of exercise every day.

B．he is addicted to smoking

C．he is always feeling extremely stressed or worried

D．he likes to have meals in restaurants

小题3:_____ will remarkably reduce the risk of men’s prostate cancer.

A．Having a daily supplement of selenium

B．Drinking a cup of pomegranate juice every day

C．Breathing fresh air now and then

D．Taking exercise at least once a week

小题4:If you want to keep cancer away, it is particularly important to ______.

A．have a daily supplement of vitamins B and C

B．try to ignore the secondhand smoking

C．take in as many selenium-containing supplements as possible

D．having exercise as often as possible

Why does the rate of heart attacks increase during the World Cup football finals? How can we help an overweight patient to lose weight? They’re just some of the topics covered in a new book by University of Sussex academics, which is helping student doctors to consider the importance of psychology in medical practice.
Psychology for Medicine is the first textbook of its kind, providing medical trainees and new doctors with all the relevant psychological knowledge they need. Previously, students had to refer to many different books for the relevant psychology.
The book, by Sussex psychologists Dr. Sussex Ayers and Dr. Richard de Visser, has been well received by fellow academics and medical doctors and was finished with the help of the students and staff of the Brighton and Sussex Medical School. The students proofread（校对） the chapters, provided ideas for the content and even modeled for the photographs. The book provides a solid grounding in psychological study relevant to medicine, along with practical tips and advice for practice. One student, Simon Hall, drew cartoons for the book.
The study psychology is important for doctors for a number of reasons. Psychological and physical symptoms are highly related. Up to a third of patients will have psychological disorders, while physical causes are usually only found in around 15 per cent of people’s symptoms. In treatment, a lot of the effect drugs can be due to patients believing they will recover rather than the drug itself.
Dr. Ayers says, “The important thing about this book is that it’s applied science --- it shows why psychology is important to medicine and how we should use it. The book’s presentation is really important. It’s not just lots of theory, but full of tips and advice so that students can take what they learn in the classroom and apply it to real-life situations.”
小题1:The book Psychology for Medicine is mainly written for ________.

小题2:What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A．The topics of the book.	B．The comments on the book.
C．The contributors to the book.	D．The characteristics of the book.

小题3:According to the text, the book Psychology for Medicine _________.

A．is a bit difficult to understand.

B．is mainly about how to lose weight.

C．included tips on training football players.

D．focuses on the importance of psychology in treatment

小题4:We can infer that the text is a(n) ______.

A．research report	B．introduction to a book
C．advertisement for a book	D．introduction to a psychologist

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