题目内容

【题目】 Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modem state: without it , it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; _____ the workers in government offices who _____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. _____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.

_______ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about ________ taxation should be arranged.

In most countries, a direct tax on _____, which is called income tax, exists. It is arranged in such a ______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows ______ as the taxpayer’s income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people goes up as high as ninety-five per cent!

And countries with taxation nearly ____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties” Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops _____. really have to pay the duties, in the ______ of higher prices. In some countries, ______, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is ______ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things ______ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is _______ as the rich pay it.

Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement.

1A.norB.neitherC.neverD.not

2A.look intoB.look overC.look afterD.look through

3A.In accordance withB.By means ofC.With reference toD.On account of

4A.IfB.WhenC.ThoughD.As

5A.whenB.howC.whyD.which

6A.personsB.sectorsC.communitiesD.classes

7A.formB.wayC.measureD.method

8A.quickerB.speedierC.moreD.larger

9A.periodicallyB.almostC.oftenD.always

10A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whom

11A.mannerB.formC.meansD.way

12A.eitherB.alsoC.tooD.often

13A.lentB.savedC.borrowedD.collected

14A.alikeB.likeC.asD.for

15A.heavierB.fairerC.finerD.better

【答案】

1A

2C

3B

4C

5B

6A

7B

8D

9D

10B

11B

12B

13D

14B

15A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文,介绍了税收是如何安排的。

1考查副词词义辨析。句意:没有税收,就不可能支付保护我们的士兵和警察的工资;也不可能支付政府办公室的工作人员的工资,他们负责我们的健康、食物、水和其他一切我们不能为自己做的事情。A. nor也不;B. neither两个都不;C. never从来不;D. not不。空前说没有税收,就不可能支付保护我们的士兵和警察的工资;此处是说没有税收也不可能支付政府办公室的工作人员的工资,故A项正确。

2考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. look into调查;B. look over复习;C. look after照顾(负责);D. look through仔细检查。根据常识可知,政府的工作人员负责我们的健康、食物、水和其他一切我们不能为自己做的事情,故C项正确。

3考查介词短语辨析。句意:通过征税,我们支付我们所需要的东西,就像我们需要住的地方和吃的东西一样。A. In accordance with与……一致;B. By means of通过……方式;C. With reference to关于;D. On account of由于。根据空后的“taxation, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.”可知,通过征税,我们支付我们所需要的东西,就像我们需要住的地方和吃的东西一样,故B项正确。

4考查连词词义辨析。句意:尽管每个人都知道税收是必要的,但不同的人对如何安排税收有不同的看法。A. If如果;B. When当……的时候;C. Though尽管;D. As因为。根据句意可知前后是让步关系,故C项正确。

5考查宾语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处为宾语从句,从句中缺少方式状语,应该用how来引导,故B项正确。

6考查名词词义辨析。句意:在大多数国家,对个人征收的直接税,称为个人所得税。A. persons人;B. sectors部门;C. communities社区;D. classes等级。 根据常识可知,个人所得税是对个人征收的,故A项正确。

7考查名词词义辨析。句意:它是这样安排的:最贫困的人一分钱也不付,而且随着纳税人收入的增加,税收的比例也会加大。A. form形式;B. way方法、方式;C. measure措施;D. method方法。in such a way表示“以这样一种方式”,故B项正确。

8考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. quicker较快的;B. speedier较迅速的;C. more多的;D. larger较大的。根据常识可知,随着纳税人收入的增加,税收的比例也会加大,故D项正确。

9考查副词词义辨析。句意:有税收的国家几乎也都有间接税。A. periodically周期性地;B. almost几乎;C. often往往;D. always总是、一直。根据常识可知,直接税和间接税是税收的两种基本形式,所以有税收的国家几乎总是有间接课税,故D项正确。

10考查强调句型。句意:当然,在商店里买这些进口的东西的那些男女不得不以高价的形式支付关税,本句为强调句型,其基本结构为it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分,本剧强调的是the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops,指人,而且在定语从句中作主语。所以强调句的that可以用who,故B项正确。

11考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. manner方式;B. form形式;C. means工具、方法;D. way方式、方法。 根据句意可知此处指“以高价的形式”,in the form of表示“以……的形式”,故B项正确。

12考查副词词义辨析。句意:在一些国家,商店里卖的东西也要交税。A. either也(用于否定句);B. also也、还(用于肯定、放在句中);C. too也(位于句末);D. often常常。根据句意可知此处表示“也”,用于肯定句中,位于句中,所以用also,故B项正确。

13考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果对最需要的东西征税,就会收很多钱,但穷人会不堪重负。A. lent借给;B. saved节省;C. borrowed借来;D. collected收集。本文主要说的就是税收,因此此处指“收钱”,故D项正确。

14考查介词词义辨析。句意:如果对珠宝和毛皮大衣等不是必需的东西征税,收上来的钱就少了,但富人缴纳的税就多了。A. alike相似的;B. like像、比如;C. as作为;D. for为。此处举例说像珠宝和毛皮大衣等不是生活所必需的东西,故B项正确。

15考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. heavier繁重的(多的);B. fairer公平的;C. finer优良的;D. better较好的。珠宝和毛皮大衣是富人消费的东西,所以对这些东西收税,富人缴纳的税就多了,故A项正确。

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