题目内容

2.Glaucoma(青光眼)is a major cause of blindness around the world,especially in developing countries.The World Health Organization says glaucoma is a greater public health challenge than cataracts (白内障),because the blindness caused by the latter can be cured after operations.
Glaucoma is a disease that makes people around the world lose their sight,and they usually don't even know they have the disease until it has permanently destroyed at least 40percent of their sight.The process is usually so painless and subtle(不明显的),so people don't notice it.Actually,the simplest medical test can discover it.
"It is the leading cause of blindness in the United States.In Hispanics and in African-Americans,it's the second leading cause of blindness and so is the case in the Chinese and Indians."said Dr.Alan Robin,a specialist in treating glaucoma."The glaucoma we see in sub-Saharan Africa is a much more aggressive blinding disease than the glaucoma we see in Americans or even African-Americans in the United States."he said.
Dr.Eric Fleischer also sees these differences  at Medstar Washington Hospital Center."Pretty much anybody who has ancestors in Africa has an increased chance of developing glaucoma."Age is another thing that may lead to glaucoma,although people of all ages carl get it.
Glaucoma is a group of diseases that commonly produce pressure in the eye.An eye is sort of like a watch.And behind the face of the watch,liquid is made.It goes through your pupil (瞳孔)and into me front of the watch between the face and the crystal.There's an area around the edge of the watch that drains(使排出)the liquid.When that drain is blocked,the liquid can't 1eave the eye as fast as it is produced.The rising pressure within the eye damages and eventually kills the optic (视觉的) nerve.The result is blindness.
Fortunately,if caught early,glaucoma can be controlled.Glaucoma is not curable.but as researchers worldwide leam more about it,they grow more hopeful that glaucoma can one day be cured or even prevented.

68.In which country is glaucoma the biggest danger to people's sight?C
A.In China.      B.In India.  
C.In the USA.    D.In Japan.
69.What do the underlined words"these differences"(in Para 4 ) refer to?A
A.The differences in regions(地区).   B.The cultural differences.
C.The differences in age.               D.The physical differences.
70.What does Para 5mainly talk about?D
A.The structure of eyes.              B.The function of eyes.
C.The bad influence of glaucoma.      D.How glaucoma causes blindness.
71.From the passage,we can learn that.D.
A.it is hard for medical tests to discover glaucoma
B.people in developed countries hardly develop glaucoma
C.glaucoma only causes blindness among old people
D.the research on glaucoma is still going on worldwide.

分析 文章介绍了青光眼的形成和危害,以及不同地区青光眼的危害的差异.

解答 68-71.CADD
68   C   细节题:从第三段的句子:"It is the leading cause of blindness in the United States.可知在美国青光眼对人们的视力是最大的威胁.选C
69   A   推理题:文章第三段主要讲了青光眼地区分布的差异.第四段里面的differences就是"地区差异".选A
70  D   细节题:从第五段The result is blindness.可知第五段讲述的是青光眼是如何导致失明的,故选D.
71   D  细节题:从最后一段的句子:But as  researchers worldwide lean more about it,they grow more hopeful that glaucoma can one day be cured or even prevented.可知对青光眼的研究还在全世界进行.选D

点评 学生需要认真阅读原文,把握文章大意,对文章脉络有整体的了解,能仔细查找文中细节,并能根据文章内容进行合理的推测判断.

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12.Early risers are most likely to be healthy,wealthy and wise,according to the old saying.But those who are early to bed and early to rise do not always have advantages,researchers say.They have found that night owls(夜猫子) are generally brighter and wealthier than those who are able to get up early in the morning.
Experts from the University of Madrid carried out tests on around 1,000 teenagers and found that those who preferred to stay up late showed the kind of intelligence to find good jobs and earn much money.Larks or"morning people",however,often get better exam results,possibly because lessons are held at the wrong time of day for night owls.
The researchers examined the habits and body clocks of the young people to determine whether they liked to stay up late and sleep later in the morning,or preferred to go to bed early and were at their best state in the morning.School performance and problem solving ability,were judged and test grades in the major subjects were also taken into consideration.
Jim Horne,professor of psychophysiology at Loughborough University,said:"Evening types tend(倾向) to be the more creative types,the poets,artists and inventors,while the morning types are considered to be civil servants and accountants(会计)."
55.The researchers from the University of Madrid foundC.
A.morning people will probably find good jobs and earn a lot
B.morning people show higher intelligence from an early age
C.night owls may earn more money than morning people
D.night owls might be healthier than morning people
56.Early risers often do well in exams possibly becauseC.
A.they go to bed by 10p.m.regularly
B.they make full preparations before exam
C.lessons are held at the right time for them
D.they have longer time to prepare for their lessons
57.The research may include questions about the following EXCEPTA.
A.favorite sports                  B.grades in main subjects
C.living habits and body clocks   D.school performance
58.In Jim Horne'opinion,Larks may choose to beDin the future.
A.inventors           B.artists             C.poets       D.civil servants.
13.Gallows humor(黑色幽默) may seem like a mistake,or at least in poor taste.But psychologists say that gallows humor can be an important way to relieve stress."Humor makes you feel in control and it can give you that feeling that everything is okay even when it's not,"says James M.Jones,a psychology professor at the University of Delaware.
Psychologists say that just because you're laughing doesn't mean you're wasting time.Occasional tease among colleagues,particularly if it is associated with the job,can inspire creativity,departmental cohesiveness(凝聚力) and performance.
"There are a lot of stresses out there,"says Ed Dunkelblau,a psychologist in Chicago."Gallows humor is a way of making difficult things a little less difficult."
This is as long as the humor is used for the right purpose.The main point of it should be inspiring people-not laughing at them."Anything that would lift morale(士气) in terms of the company would be good humor,"says Thierry Guedj,a professor.
You want to give your employees and co-workers a sense of belonging,so don't make observations that are aggressive.Most obviously,Dr.Guedj says,don't make comments about people's physical appearance or faith.If you have any doubt about its appropriateness,don't go through with it.
Or you can take aim at the person that you know won't be offended(冒犯):yourself."If there's going to be a joke or story,it should be you,"Mr Dunkelblau says.
"People with the ability to laugh at themselves can give other people permission to laugh at themselves,too,"Mr Jones says."And if you can laugh at yourself,you feel better about yourself."

60.According to the passage,gallows humor has the following functions EXCEPTA.
A.leading to a big mistake               B.reducing pressure
C.making people more creative            D.improving performance
61.What is Ed Dunkelblau's attitude towards gallows humor?B
A.Negative.          B.Positive.
C.Neutral.           D.Uncertain.
62.When people use gallows humor,they shouldD.
A.observe who is aggressive
B.show a sense of belonging
C.doubt about the result of humor
D.try to avoid involving private things
63.What can we infer from the passage?B
A.People tend to laugh at others rather than themselves.
B.Laughing at yourself can make others free from stress.
C.People can't avoid offending others with gallows humor.
D.People who laugh at themselves are easy to gain others'permission.
10.Few of us make money by losing sleep.But three graduate students at Brown University in Providence built a company around sleep deprivation (睡眠不足).
Jason Donahue,Ben Rubin and Eric Shashoua were working late nights in Brown's business and engineering schools.They began thinking about ways to sleep better.They discovered they weren't alone in burning the midnight oil.Around 20% of Americans get less than six hours of rest a night.
The friends imagined a smart alarm clock that could track how much time people spend in the most restorative (有回复作用的) stages of the sleep cycle:REM (rapid eye movement) and deep sleep.What would it cost to design such a thing?Five years of research,20employees,﹩14million and a whole lot of doubting from investors and scientists.
Their company,Zeo,based in Newton,Mass,launched its product in June,2009.The Zeo device uses a headband with tiny sensors (传感器) that scan your brain for signs of four sleep states-REM,light,deep and waking sleep.The smart alarm clock displays a graph of your sleep pattern and wakes you as you're not in REM sleep (which is when you're least groggy).In the morning you can upload the data to the company's Web site,and so track your sleep over time.Most of the feedback comes in the form of Zeo's ZQ score showing how well you've slept.
"Zeo allows people to unlock this black box of sleep,"says Dave Dickinson,a health-care CEO.
Whether any of this actually improves sleep is up to the consumer,who will also need to make lifestyle changes like cutting out alcohol before bedtime or caffeine after 3pm.
For now the company is selling Zeo online only.Dickinson also plans to spread it to countries such as Australia,where sleep deprivation approaches US levels.

56.Who will support Zeo?B
A.People full of imagination.        
B.People suffering sleeping problems.
C.People having access to the Internet. 
D.People having bad lifestyles.
57.Why did the three graduate students imagine a smart alarm clock?C
A.To wake them up on time in the morning.
B.To earn enough money for their study.
C.To improve the quality of people's sleep.
D.To enjoy their life while working at night.
58.To design the Zeo device,the three graduate studentsA.
A.spent much time and money         
B.were widely supported by scientists
C.worked by themselves all the time   
D.attracted many investors
59.What can we know from the passage?B
A.Zeo has a direct effect on users'lifestyles.
B.It needs more personal efforts to make Zeo function better.
C.A large quantity of Zeo devices have been sold in Australia.
D.Consumers can go to the Zeo company to purchase Zeo in person.
17.We all want to give gifts that are appreciated.That takes time and talent.Here are a few steps that will help you choose.
 Prepare to buy gifts in advance
Choosing perfect gifts for your friends and family starts before you reach a store.You will buy the best gifts for each person by doing your homework in advance.
Watch with your eyes
If you are around the person often,watch what he picks up in store and watches on TV,or watch what he looks at in newspapers.Those clues can be translated into gifts at another time.
Tune in your friends with your ears
A direct gift method is to ask the person what he wants.Then listen to what is said.
Ask someone else about gifts
Ask someone close to the recipient(接受者) for a few gift suggestions.Maybe they will even go with you to buy the gift.Better yet,maybe they will buy the gift for you!
Make a list of potential gifts
Before you ever leave home,make a list of potential gifts for this person.In fact,check for gift ideas online first.Maybe,with a little luck online,you won't even have to leave home.
When you give someone a gift,it is more than a present.What you give him shows your feeling for him or your thoughts of him.When you give someone a gift that lets him know how you feel about him,you are giving a gift the recipient will treasure regardless of the price of it.
If you have suggestions about choosing the perfect gift,please let us know here.Thank you.
60.The passage mainly tells the readerB.
A.what choosing gifts costs
B.how to choose perfect gifts
C.what gifts you may give someone
D.how useful gifts are to your friend
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A.ask him what he wants and follow his words
B.prepare to buy the gift in advance
C.choose the gift on your own
D.ask someone close to the recipient for advice
62.The title"Watch with your eyes"suggestsD.
A.staying with the recipient as often as possible
B.always doing shopping with the recipient
C.watching TV or reading newspapers with the recipient
D.watching the recipient's likes or dislikes
63.From the gift you give the person,A.
A.he can know how you feel about him
B.you can receive more gifts than what you give him
C.he can decide if it's worth treasuring by the price
D.he can realize your feeling for the gift.
7.Forget famous goal celebration such as"The Robot"by Peter Crouch and"The Dive"by Juergen Klinsmann,here comes the South African"Diski dance".The Diski dance,which is performed through heading and kicking an imaginary ball,may be a goal celebration to watch in the following matches.
South Africa's Siphiwe Tshabalala and his teammates performed this different dance when they celebrated his goal against Mexico in the opening World Cup game on Friday.The dance is already popular on YouTube and many soccer fans may want to learn the moves.
Even South Africa's President Jacob Zuma has learnt the Diski dance which could be better than Cameroon Roger Milla's corner flag dance celebration in the 1990FIFA World Cup.US actor John Travolta performed the dance shortly after landing his Boeing 707at Lanseria airport,north of Johannesburg,on Wednesday morning.
Goal celebrations are now part of the biggest sporting event and players plan them in advance just in case they   find the back of the net.In football,a goal celebration is the practice of celebrating the scoring of a goal.The celebration may be performed by the goal-scorer,his or her teammates,the manager or coaches and the supporters of the team.
The Robot goal celebration was so popular that England fans were surprised when Crouch,an English international footballer,said that he wouldn't be doing it any more unless England won the World Cup.
The word Diski is the word used by the local people for soccer and may also describe the local style of football which focuses on dribbling(带球) and other tricks.

63.Besides"Diski dance",how many types of goal celebrations are mentioned in the passage?B
A.2.   B.3.  C.4.  D.5.
64.The underlined part"find the back of the net"in Paragraph 4meansA.
A.score a goal         B.win the match
C.take a rest          D.take part in a match
65.What do we learn about the word"Diski"?D
A.It has become the most popular sports word in the world now.
B.It was used to show how people were good at dribbling.
C.It was used to describe a football which was imagined by footballers.
D.It was probably mainly used in South Africa before the South Africa World Cup.
66.What can we infer from the passage?B
A.All the footballers should have their own goal celebrations.
B.Goal celebrations play an important role in football games.
C.Famous goal celebrations all appeared in the World Cup games.
D.Footballers often don't plan their goal celebrations ahead of time.
14.A disastrous competition is going on in England,with billions of dollars and hundreds of lives in danger.OK,that's not true.But competitors from around the world gathered on Thursday to compete for the title of 2012's World's Biggest Liar.
Each participant is given up to five minutes to make up the best lie in the competition,which was started in honor of 19th-century Bridge Inn owner Will Ritson,who was reportedly famous for his lies.Competitors gather at the Bridge Inn every year for the competition,a small pub in northwestern England.Anyone can take part in the competition.Well,almost anyway; the reporters note that lawyers and politicians are banned,who is said to enjoy"an unfair advantage"in the proceedings (进程).
A study published this past July in the journal Evolution & Human Behavior found that nearly all lies are detectable through visible facial muscle (肌肉) reactions in the person telling a lie."Thus,while interpersonal deception (欺骗) often is highly successful,signs of hidden emotional states are communicated clearly to the informed observer,"the study concluded.
A churchman of Carlisle reportedly holds what may be the greatest lie of all time in the competition,simply stating,"I have never told a lie in my life."
In 2003,Abrie Krueger of South Africa became the first non-Brit to win the competition.Ironically,Krueger was accused by some of cheating.
In 2006,comedian Sue Perkins became the first female to win the competition,telling a tale about people riding camels to work as a result of climate change.
Last year's winning entry came from Glen Boyland,who told a lie about competing in a snail-racing (蜗牛赛跑) competition with Prince Charles.
56.The article begins withB.
A.a piece of news                       
B.a lie told by the writer
C.the passage's topic sentence             
D.a case from the competition
57.The competition is held at the Bridge Inn becauseC.
A.its present owner is hospitable           
B.most local people are liars
C.it once had a good liar as its owner      
D.it is a tourist attraction
58.When the writer wrote"Well,almost anyway"(Para.2),he or she realized thatA.
A.the previous sentence was not exact       
B.the previous sentence was all wrong
C.the next sentence would be exact          
D.the reporters didn't agree with him or her
59.Paragraph Three mainly tells us thatD.
A.lying requires extraordinary skill        
B.liars are able to find each other out
C.most lies are believed in everyday life       
D.liars always show signs of lying
60.Ais mentioned just because his or her lie was special.
A.The churchman  B.Abrie Krueger        C.Sue Perkins          D.Glen Boyland.
11.Our lifestyles today are very busy.We have family,school,sports,entertainment and social activities to fit into a time that seems never enough.We need to be healthy to meet the demands of daily life.But what does it mean to have a healthy lifestyle?
To have a healthy lifestyle,we need to:
◆eat different kinds of healthy food most of the time
◆do exercise often
◆have time to relax
◆get enough sleep to give our bodies time to grow healthy and strong
Read about a normal day in the lives of two children.

Abbey gets up at 7:00 am,feeds the dog,and has cereal and a glass of juice for breakfast.She walks to school with her friend,Julia.She has a bag of chips for a morning snack,drinks water,and has a chicken and lettuce sandwich with a banana for lunch.She likes to play soccer with her friends at lunch and morning break time.She walks home with Julia,has some crackers with cheese and juice for afternoon snack and plays with the dog for a while.She plays computer games for an hour or two before dinner,then has a shower and does her homework.She watches her favorite television show for an hour,then usually goes to bed at about 9:30 pm.
 
 Carl gets up at 8:30 am and has two pieces of bread with jam and a glass of milk for breakfast.His mother drives him to school on her way to work.He eats cookies with juice for morning snack and a pot pie ordered from the school lunch room with juice for lunch.He likes to play card games with his friends at lunchtime and climb the fixed equipment at morning break time.He catches the bus home,has a cereal bar and a can of soda for afternoon snack,then watches some television.He has a shower before dinner,then plays the computer for an hour or two.He goes to bed at about 10:30 pm.
 
No matter which kind of lifestyle you agree on,just remember it's important to balance all aspects of life.
41.About a healthy lifestyle,the writer doesn't talk aboutD.
A.diet            B.exercise         C.relaxation        D.medicine
42.What can we learn from the article?A
A.Abbey plays soccer with her friends at school.
B.Abbey does her homework first after school.
C.Carl goes to school by bus every day.
D.Carl has juice for breakfast.
43.Where is the article probably from?A
A.A health magazine.
B.A clothing website.
C.A sports guidebook.
D.A travel advertisement.

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