Question

【题目】阅读理解
A characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the self-made man--the man who has risen to the top through his own efforts, usually beginning by working with his hands. While the leader in business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common laborer or even the skilled factory worker, he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort.
This attitude toward manual (体力的) labor is now still seen in many aspects of American life. One is invited to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously (豪华地) furnished and in which there is every evidence of the fact that the family has been able to afford foreign travel, expensive hobbies, and college education for the children; yet the hostess probably will cook the dinner herself, will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward, furthermore the dinner will not consist merely of something quickly and easily assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the near- by bakery. On the contrary, the hostess usually takes pride in careful preparation of special dishes. A professional man may talk about washing the car, digging in his flowerbeds, painting the house. His wife may even help with these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.
（1）From Paragraph 1 , we can know that in America,.
A.people tend to have a high opinion of the self--made man
B.people can always rise to the top through their own efforts
C.college professors win great respect from common workers
D.people feel painful to mention their fathers as laborers
（2）According to the passage, the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly because.
A.servants in America are hard to get
B.she takes pride in what she can do herself
C.she can hardly afford servants
D.it is easy to prepare a meal with canned food
（3）The expression "wait on table" in the second paragraph means.
A.work in a furniture shop
B.keep accounts for a bar
C.wait to lay the table
D.serve customers in a restaurant
（4）Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?
A.A Respectable Self--made Family
B.American Attitude toward Manual Labor
C.Characteristics of American Culture
D.The Development of Manual Labor

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了崇尚自我奋斗，尊重体力劳动的美国文化。
(1)考查细节理解。根据 第一段中的”A characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the self-made man" 崇尚自我奋斗几乎已经变成了一个传统，成为了美国文化的一个特点。因此我们可以了解到，“崇尚自我奋斗”是美国文化的特点。故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“This attitude toward manual(体力的) labor is now still seen in many aspects of American life.”：在美国生活的方方面面，尊重体力劳动态度的现象仍然随处可见，可以推断女主人亲自下厨，是因为她以能做这样的体力活而自豪。所以答案是B。
(3)考查词义猜测。work in a furniture shop “在一家家具店工作”；keep accounts for a bar “在一个酒吧记账”；wait on table “服务顾客”， serve customers in a restaurant“在一家餐厅服务客户”。其后的 washing dishes 也有一定的暗示意义，所以答案是 D。
(4)考查主旨大意。纵观全文，文章主要讲了美国崇尚自我奋斗，尊重体力劳动的文化习惯。只有B项符合题意，所以答案是B。