Question

【题目】 More cycling, better public transport and car bans...Places all over the world are taking a range of measures to lower traffic pollution.

Paris

Paris bans cars in many historic central districts on weekends, places odd-even (单双日的) bans on vehicles，makes public transport free during major pollution events and encourages car-sharing programs. A long section of the right bank of the river Seine is now car-free and a monthly ban on cars has come into force along the Champs-Elysees.

The Netherlands

Politicians want to ban the sale of all petrol cars from 2025, allowing only electric or hydrogen vehicles. The new law will allow anyone who already owns a petrol car to continue using it. Most cities encourage bicycle use.

Freiburg

Freiburg in Germany has 500km of bike routes and a cheap and efficient public transport system. One town, Vauban, forbids people to park near homes and makes car-owners pay $18,000 for a space on the edge of town in return for living without a car. People are offered cheaper housing, free public transport, and plentiful bicycle spaces.

Curitiba

The southern Brazilian city of two million people has one of the biggest and lowest-cost bus systems in the world. Nearly 70% of its people go to work by public transport and the result is pollution-free air and traffic-free streets.

Copenhagen

Copenhagen prioritizes (优先考虑) bikes over cars and now has more cycles than people. The city calculates that one mile on a bike is worth $0.42 to society, while one mile in a car is a $0.2 loss. Large parts of the Danish capital have been closed to vehicles for decades.

【1】What will happen in Paris during major pollution events?

A.Historic central districts won’t allow cars in.

B.Car-sharing programs will raise money publicly.

C.People must obey the odd-even traffic restrictions on weekends.

D.People can take public transport free of charge.

【2】From 2025, the Netherlands will ________.

A.put 500km of bike routes into full use

B.only allow the sale of electric or hydrogen vehicles

C.completely forbid the use of petrol cars

D.own the biggest and lowest-cost bus system in the world

【3】Which of the following cities attach great importance to cycling?

A.Freiburg and CopenhagenB.Park and Curitiba

C.Paris and FreiburgD.Curitiba and Copenhagen

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。本文主要告诉我们全世界的各个地方都在采取各种各样的措施降低交通污染，然后分别列举了巴黎、荷兰、弗莱堡、库里提巴以及哥本哈根这几个城市为此采取的具体措施。

【1】细节理解题。根据第二段中Paris bans cars in many historic central districts on weekends, places odd-even (单双日的) bans on vehicles, makes public transport free during major pollution events and encourages car-sharing programs.可知，巴黎在许多历史悠久的中心区禁止汽车在周末出行，对车辆实行单双号限行，在重大污染事件期间实行公共交通免费，并鼓励汽车共享计划。由此可知，重大污染事件发生时，巴黎的人们可以免费乘坐公共交通工具。故选D。

【2】细节理解题。根据第三段中Politicians want to ban the sale of all petrol cars from 2025, allowing only electric or hydrogen vehicles.可知，政客们希望从2025年起禁止所有汽油汽车的销售，只允许电动或氢动力汽车。由此可知，从2025年开始，荷兰将只允许销售电动或氢动力汽车。故选B。

【3】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中Freiburg in Germany has 500km of bike routes and a cheap and efficient public transport system.可知，德国弗莱堡有500公里的自行车道和廉价高效的公共交通系统。以及最后一段中Copenhagen prioritizes (优先考虑) bikes over cars and now has more cycles than people.可知，哥本哈根更重视自行车而不是汽车，现在自行车比人还多。由此可知，弗莱堡和哥本哈根非常重视骑自行车。故选A。

文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。

如第二小题一一对应型，根据第三段中Politicians want to ban the sale of all petrol cars from 2025, allowing only electric or hydrogen vehicles.可知政客们希望从2025年起禁止所有汽油汽车的销售，只允许电动或氢动力汽车。由此可知，从2025年开始，荷兰将只允许销售电动或氢动力汽车。故选B。