题目内容

【题目】Self-driving vehicles will rely on cameras, sensors and artificial intelligence（AI）to recognize and respond to road and traffic conditions, but sensing is the most effective for objects and movement in the neighborhood of the vehicle. Not everything important in a car’s environment will be caught by the vehicle’s camera. Another vehicle approaching at high speed on a collision （碰撞）track might not be visible until it’s too late. This is why vehicle-to-vehicle communication is undergoing rapid development. Our research shows that cars will need to be able to chat and cooperate on the road, although the technical challenges are considerable.

Applications for vehicle-to-vehicle communication range from vehicles driving together in a row, to safety messages about nearby emergency vehicles. Vehicles could alert each other to avoid collisions or share notices about passers-by and bicycles.

From as far as several hundred metres away, vehicles could exchange messages with one another or receive information from roadside units（RSUs）about nearby incidents or dangerous road conditions through 4G network A high level of A1 seems required for such vehicles, not only to self-drive from A to B, but also to react intelligently to messages received. Vehicles will need to plan, reason, strategize and adapt in the light of information received in real time and to carry out cooperative behaviours. For example, a group of autonomous vehicles might avoid a route together because of potential risks, or a vehicle could decide to drop someone off earlier due to messages received, a foreseen crowding ahead.

Further applications of vehicle-to-vehicle communication are still being researched, including how to perform cooperative behaviour.

【1】What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The reasons for the accidents by self-driving vehicles.

B. The research about applications for self-driving vehicles.

C. The importance of artificial intelligence of self-driving vehicles.

D. The reasons for developing communication between self-driving vehicles.

【2】What does the underlined word “alert” mean in Paragraph 2?

A. Alarm. B. Condemn.

C. Ignore. D. Govern.

【3】What can we learn about roadside units （RSUs）?

A. They classify the vehicles on the road.

B. They can improve bad road conditions.

C. They take over the passing vehicles.

D. They serve as efficient information stations.

【4】What is the best title for the text?

A. When do vehicles communicate?

B. The reasons why a high level of AI is important

C. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication is coming

D. What do applications for vehicle-to-vehicle communication need?

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】通过本文我们得知：车对车通信即将来临。

【1】D

段落大意题。根据第一段中This is why vehicle- to-vehicle communication is undergoing rapid development. Our research shows that cars will need to be able to chat and cooperate on the road, although the technical challenges are considerable.可知第一段讲的是：发展自驾车车辆之间通信的原因。故选D。

【2】A

词义猜测题。根据第二段中to safety messages about nearby emergency vehicles.有关附近紧急车辆的安全信息。可知车辆之间可以互相提醒，避免碰撞或分享有关通知。由此可知划线词的意思是“提醒，报警”，故选A。

【3】D

推理判断题。根据第三段第一句From as far as several hundred metres away, vehicles could exchange messages with one another or receive information from roadside units (RSUs) about nearby incidents or dangerous road conditions through 4G network.可知它们是有效的信息站。故选D。

【4】C

主旨大意题。根据最后一段Further applications of vehicle-to-vehicle communication are still being researched, including how to perform cooperative behaviour.可知车对车通信即将来临。故选C。

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【题目】Tips for Staying Sharp

It’s not abnormal to feel out of it from time to time or perhaps you’re feeling a bit sluggish (迟钝的) when it comes to remembering things. If you’re worried about your forgetfulness, try out these five tips to stay sharp.

Feed your brain.

【1】 If you decide to eat sugary foods that are heavy with fats then expect to feel lazy and have no energy. But if you decide to eat fruits, vegetables and make other healthy eating decisions you’ll find that you’re full of energy.

【2】

Challenge yourself constantly—whether it is puzzles, reading, cooking or other tasks that will keep your mind working. If your mind is always learning new things and active, you’ll realize that it’s much easier for you to learn new things and to function. Remember your brain is a muscle and if you want to get the most out of it, you must use it.

Stay fit.

Being in good health and staying in shape is a big part of staying sharp. Your body will only give you what you put into it.【3】 However, if you put forth the effort into being healthy then your body will expel (释放) the energy you need to achieve your goals.

Ensure enough sleep.

Be sure to get the necessary amount of sleep that your body needs to function on a daily basis. According to studies, sleep helps strengthen and recover your memories.【4】 Therefore, you can improve your ability to focus and avoid distractions.

Socialize more.

Conversations require individuals to stay aware and active.【5】 Therefore, it’s necessary in life for you to keep your mind sharp.

A. Never worry.

B. Never stop learning.

C. You are what you eat.

D. Keep fit and study well.

E. Your body won’t give you the energy you remember if you are lazy.

F. It also helps your body build up an energy reserve.

G. Social interaction will help you develop multitasking, problem solving and other skills.

【题目】Legend has it that the performing arts began when a Greek singer named Thespis invented tragedy.In 534 B.C., Thespis was performing a hymn（赞美诗）to the god Dionysius.Such hymns,called dithyrambs,were usually sung by a lead singer and a chorus.Thespis added a speaking actor.Performances at the annual Dionysian festival soon included plays with three actors as well as the standard hymns.By 449 B.C.,the Greeks were giving prizes to the best actor and the best playwright at the festival.A modern word for actor—thespian recognizes the debt today's drama owes to Thespis.

Performing in a Greek play required physical strength.Because each play had only three actors,performers had to play several roles.Chorus members both sang and danced.Being in the chorus for the many performances given at a festival was said to be as demanding as competing in the Olympic Games.

The Theater of Dionysius in Athens could hold 20,000 people.Even those in the front rows were quite a distance from the actors.Performers used grand gestures and wore masks so that they could be seen by everyone in their huge audience.Tragic（悲剧的）actors wore long clothes and masks.Comic actors wore short costumes that let them move freely and masks designed to make them look ugly or silly.Sometimes the chorus were dressed up to look like animals.

Another legacy（遗产）of the ancient Greeks is the deus ex machina,or "god from the machine".If a playwright was having trouble with the plot,he might have a god appear through a trap door（天窗）.The god would rescue the main character and find a solution to any difficult plot situations.Modem writers might not call on gods,but they do sometimes use unlikely ways to end a story.A character or an event that brings a complicated plot to an unlikely conclusion is still called deus ex machina.

【1】We can learn from Paragraph 1 that .

A. the word "thespian" means "debt" in English

B. the Dionysian festival was held once a year

C. there were four actors in early Greek drama

D. the first tragedy was performed in 449B.C

【2】From the passage we can know .

A. it was not easy to get a chance to perform in the chorus

B. the best actor and the best playwright would be given money

C. the playwright must play a role in the performance

D. the audience sat very close to actors to have a good view

【3】According to the passage,one difference between early Greek comedies and tragedies is .

A. the actors' distance from the audience

B. the play's beginning

C. the number of performers

D. the actors' clothes

【4】Deus ex machina is .

A. a kind of tragedy popular with ancient audience

B. a type of character that modern writers often write about

C. a way ancient Greek dramatists used to develop the plot

D. a style of performance first used by ancient Greek actors

【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2).只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The following informations is about the American school system. Secondary school in the US usual covers seven years, grades six to twelve. Ninth to twelfth grades were high school. In the end of twelfth grade, American students receive the high school diploma. Students need a high school diploma if they want to go to a college. The school year is dividing into two semesters, the first of that is September through December; and the second January through May. Students start school at 7:50 am. or finish at 3 pm. They can also take part all kind of activities.

【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号( ∧ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2).只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
People always say the one who like smile will never lack of luck. Indeed, the smiling people are friendly and kindly. Because they like to give hands to other and people like to make friends with them, so people around them will help them with any doubt when the smiling people are in trouble. I have a friend which always has smile in his face. She seems to be never angry with others. All the guys like to talk to him and they are willed to help him. Keep the smiling face not only means the person has the good personality, but means the person has the positive attitude life.

【题目】Food storing is common in members of the crow（乌鸦）family. A new study tested the birds outside this naturally occurring behaviour, which may have evolved（进化）specifically because it gives crows a survival advantage. Some crow species are known to naturally use tools to recover food. So the researchers tested whether the birds could store and recover a tool so they could get it at their food after a gap of 17 hours—something we wouldn’t expect them to do naturally. But they were able to instantly select the tool out of a number of unnecessary items.

In another experiment, the researchers taught crows to select a token （礼品券）from a number of items so that they could then exchange for food. Again, the birds then showed that they could plan for the future using this new behaviour. This is different from all of the previous studies in future planning, which have focused on naturally occurring behaviour. For example, we know that chimpanzees select, transport and save appropriate tools for future needs.

These studies have shown that animals can plan for the future—but they left an important question open for debate. Are animals only able to plan to use abilities that have evolved to give them a specific advantage, or can they flexibly and intelligently apply planning behaviour across various actions? Most critics would say the former, as the animals were tested in naturally occurring behaviours.

But the new research provides the first evidence that animal species can plan for the future using behaviour that doesn’t typically occur in nature. This supports the view that at least some recognitive abilities in animals don’t evolve just in response to specific problems. Instead, it suggests that animals can apply these behaviours flexibly across problems in a similar way to humans. We need to investigate how flexible behaviour evolved. Then we might be able to see how crows’ ability to plan for the future fits in with their broader cognitive powers.

【1】What’s the new finding about some crows according to Paragraph 1?

A. They can store food. B. They can use tools to recover food.

C. They can store and recover tools. D. They can select and store food.

【2】What are crows trained by scientists to do when given a token?

A. Reject it casually. B. Exchange it for food.

C. Save it as their food. D. Build a nest with it.

【3】What do scientists think of the studies that animals can plan for the future?

A. They are controversial. B. They are disappointing.

C. They are contradictory. D. They are convincing.

【4】What can be inferred about recognitive abilities in animals?

A. They develop only with age.

B. It is unclear how they’ve evolved now.

C. No animals but crows benefit from them.

D. Planning for the future helps their evolution.

【题目】语法填空
A positive attitude is very important as it will make our life easier. In life, not everything goes as (smooth) as we want. There will be times when we will face problems and difficulties. The most (challenge) part is we react when we experience problems and difficulties.
Instead of being discouraged, those who have a positive attitude (treat) each failure as a lesson. And they will be inspired to achieve the goal.those who do not have the positive attitude will see problems and difficulties a different way. With different attitudes, the result will be quite different. Since every one of us (possess) the same amount of time, why don't we just make the best the same amount of time with a positive attitude? Life itself is already hard. It will be much (good) if we have a positive attitude which will make our life happier and easier.
If you learn to see the bright side of life when you (surround) by difficulties, you'll be building your positive attitude fast.

【题目】阅读理解
Pele was born to a very poor family on October 23, 1940. His real name is Edison Arantes do Nascimento. Pele is just a nickname.
Pele first learned the game soccer from his father. As a youngster Pele played soccer for a local club. By the time he was 16, he was playing professionally for the Santos Football Club. The club won nine national championships while he played for it.
Pele also played for Brazil's national team in four World Cups. At his first World Cup in 1958, when he was just 17, Pele scored an amazing six goals. In the final game against Sweden, he scored two goals and Brazil won its first-ever World Cup. Pele also helped Brazil win World Cups in 1962 and 1970.
Pele had an outstanding(突出) natural ability as a soccer player. He had great speed and balance and was able to shoot powerfully and accurately with either foot and with his head. Many European teams offered huge amounts of money to get Pele to play for their countries but Brazil declared him an official national treasure so he would stay in the country.
In 1974, Pele retired from the Santos Club, but the next year, he came out of retirement and signed a reported $ 7-million 3-year contact(合同) to play for the New York Cosmos of the North American Soccer League. Pele said he did not this for the money. He said that he wanted to make soccer a truly popular sport in the United States. Millions of North Americans gained a new respect for the game after watching Pele play.
（1）The passage is written to.
A.make readers interested in great soccer players
B.Praise Pele for his soccer skills and national spirits
C.list Brazil's wonderful performances in the World Cups
D.give readers a brief introduction to Pele's achievements
（2）We can conclude from the passage that Brazil has won World Cup.
A.only one time
B.two times
C.at least three times
D.at most four times
（3）The underlined word “ treasure” in paragraph 4 most probably means.
A.highly valued person
B.valuable gift
C.a great deal of money
D.big winner

【题目】—I lost five pounds just after a month on this new diet. It’s definitely worth a try.

—Right, ________. I badly need to get in shape for my school reunion.

A. it beats me B. I don’t buy it

C. just can’t help it D. you’ve sold it to me

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