题目内容

12．Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling．Recycling in the home is very important of course．However，being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need．We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible，but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place．The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005．It now makes up a third of a typical household's waste in the UK．In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard．Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment．The UK，for example，is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste．If such packaging is burnt，it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect．Recycling helps，but the process itself uses energy．The solution is not to produce such items in the first place．Food waste is a serious problem，too．Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need．However，a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue，encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags，for example．But this is not just about supermarkets．It is about all of us．We have learned to associate packaging with quality．We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality．This is especially true of food．But is also applies to a wide range of consumer products，which often have far more packaging than necessary．
There are signs of hope．As more of us recycle，we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material are collecting．We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture，but we have a mountain to climb．
61．What does the underlined phrase"over-consumption"refer to？D
A．Using too much packaging．
B．Recycling too many wastes．
C．Making more products than necessary．
D．Having more material than is needed．
62．The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to showD．
 A．the tendency of cutting household waste  
B．the increase of packaging recycling
C．the rapid growth of super markets  
D．the fact of packaging overuse
63．According to the text，recyclingA．
A．helps control the greenhouse effect   
B．means burning packaging for energy   
C．is the solution to gas shortage   
D．leads to a waste of land
64．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4？C
A．Unpackaged products are of bad quality．
B．Supermarkets care more about packaging．
C．It is improper to judge quality by packaging．
D．Other products are better packaged than food．
65．What can we learn from the last paragraph？A
A．Fighting wastefulness is difficult．
B．Needless material is mostly recycled．
C．People like collecting recyclable waste．
D．The author is proud of their consumer culture．

分析 文章讲述了人们对于过度包装的危害的认识及人们应有的积极态度，让大家认识到形势的严峻和要想改变状况是艰巨的．

解答 61．D．词义猜测题．根据文中的We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible，but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place．可知划线部分意义应为"过度消费"．故D正确．
62．D．推理判断题．根据作者在文中使用的数字可知，作者使用数字的目的是为了让读者清楚地理解过度包装的现实问题．故D正确．
63．A．细节理解题．根据If such packaging is burnt，it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect．Recycling helps，but the process itself uses energy．故A正确．
64．C．推理判断题．第四段讲述了人们对于包装不好的物品的固有认识，即：人们普遍认为包装不好的物品质量肯定差．故C正确．
65．A．推理判断题．文章讲述了人们对于过度包装的危害的认识及人们应有的积极态度，所以最后一段给我们带来了希望，但是最后一句we have a mountain to climb．提示我们事情不会一蹴而就．故A正确．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

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Malaria starts suddenly，with violent chills，which are soon followed by an intense fever and，often，headaches．As the parasites multiply，they take over the entire body．Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect．They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain．If it doesn't kill you，malaria can happen again and again for years．The disease is passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of a parasite．Together，the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth and one of the most successful．Malaria has five thousand genes，and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control．Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently，and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations．Some of the disease's spread is due to global warming．
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67．According to paragraph 1，many people don't seek care becauseA．
A．they are too poor
B．it is unusual to seek care
C．they can remain unaffected for long
D．there are too many people suffering from the disease
68．People suffering from malariaC．
A．have to kill female mosquitoes
B．have ability to defend parasites
C．have their red blood cells infected
D．have sudden fever，followed by chills
69．Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease？D
A．Its resistance to global warming．
B．Its ability to pass on the virus frequently．
C．Its outbreaks in cities with large populations．
D．Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs．
70．It can be inferred from the passage thatB．
A．no drugs have been found to treat the disease
B．the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people
C．malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites
D．nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease．
20．Organic food，once considered something that only health fanatics desired，is now a regular feature at most supermarkets．And that has created a bit of a dilemma．On the one hand，you have a conventionally grown apple．On the other，you have one that's organic．Both apples are firm，shiny and red．Both provide vitamins and fiber，and both are free of fat，sodium and cholesterol．
Conventionally grown food generally costs less，but is organic food a better choice？The advantages claimed for such foods over conventionally grown and sold food products are now being debated on a large scale．Supporters of organic foods-a term whose meaning varies greatly-are frequently telling the world that such products are safer and more nutritious than others．
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Almost daily，the public is surrounded by claims for"no-aging"diets，new vitamins and other wonder foods．There are numerous unsubstantiated（没证实的） reports that natural vitamins are superior to man-made ones，that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs，that untreated grains are better than those treated with insect spray and the like．
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41．According to Paragraph 2，which of the following statements about organic food is true？B
A．It hasn't been used until recent years
B．It has no agreed definition．
C．It is popular among producers
D．It is accepted by most nutritionists．
42．In Paragraph 4，treated grains are examples ofC．
A．healthier food                         
B．organic food             
C．conventionally grown food               
D．expensive food           
43．It can be inferred from the passage thatD．
A．most doctors believe organic foods prevent disease or provide other benefits to health
B．organic foods are actually less nutritious than conventionally grown foods
C．people cannot separate fact from fiction because of the TV advertisements
D．organic foods cost more but are not necessarily better than conventionally grown foods
44．According to the passage，many consumers are attracted by organic foods because theyC
A．want to try something new               
B．have carefully researched the products
C．value food safety and nutrition             
D．expect to save some money
45．What is the author's attitude towards the claims of organic foods？A
A．Doubtful．B．Enthusiastic．C．Supportive．D．Uninterested．
7．听第一段对话，回答第1-3题．
1．When will the ambulance get to the site？
A．In about 5minutes．
B．In about 10minutes．
C．In about 20minutes．
2．Where is the woman now？
A．On Ring Third Road．
B．Near Star Bridge．
C．On Star Road．
3．What will the woman do next？
A．Tie the wound with a piece of cloth．
B．Go to find a bandage．
C．Call 2010568556to ask for help．
17．Would you eat a ready meal from the fridge rather than cook from scratch？Have you been doing internet shopping rather than going to the stores？What can't you be bothered to do？
A study into how lazy British people are has found more than half of adults are so lazy they'd catch the lift rather than climb two flights of stairs．
Just over 2000people were quizzed by independent researchers at Nuffield Health，Britain's largest health charity．The results were astonishing．
About one in six people surveyed said if their remote control was broken，they would continue watching the same channel rather than get up．
More than one third of those questioned said they would not run to catch a bus．Worryingly，of the 654respondents with children，64% said they were often too tired to play with them．
This led the report to conclude that it's no wonder that one in six children in the UK are classified as obese （very fat） before they start school．
Dr Sarah Dauncey，medical director of Nuffield Health，said："People need to get fitter，not just for their own sake，but for the sake of their families，friends and evidently their pets too．
"If we don't start to take control of this problem，a whole generation will become too unfit to perform even the most  rudimentary  of tasks．"
And Scotland's largest city，Glasgow，was shamed as the most inactive city in the UK，with 75% surveyed admitting they do not get enough exercise，followed closely by Birmingham and Southampton，both with 67%．
The results cause serious challenges for the National Health Service，where obesity-related illnesses such as heart disease and cancer have been on a steady increase for the past 40years and are costing billions of pounds every year．

71．What causes children in the UK to be obese？D
A．Eating ready meal          B．Watching TV
C．Doing Internet shopping    D．Being lazy
72．What can be inferred from the passage？D
A．British people are too lazy to do anything．
B．Internet shopping will do harm to your health．
C．Many people would not run to catch a bus in Britain．
D．People should be more active and take regular exercise to keep fit．
73．Which of the following is Not true according to the passage？A
A．One sixth of British people use remote control when watching TV．
B．People will benefit not only themselves but their families by getting fit．
C．Fatness can cause diseases such as heart disease and cancer．
D．More people get obesity-related illnesses now than 40years ago．
74．What does the underlined word  rudimentary  most probably mean？A
A．basic       B．serious
C．vital       D．hard
75．All the following are among the most lazy cities in the UK exceptC．
A．Glasgow       B．Birmingham
C．Nuffield      D．Southampton．
4．Sports medicine experts have observed for  years that athletes such as long distance runners，especially women athletes，often display a lack of iron．Now a new study by a team of Purdue University researchers suggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women．
"We found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of moderate exercise of middle degree showed sings of iron loss，"says Roseanne M．Lyle，associate professor at Purdue．Her study of 62formerly inactive women who began exercising three times a week for six months was published in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise．Iron deficiency is very common among women in general，affecting one in four female teenagers and one in five women aged 18to 45，respectively．But the ratio is even greater among active women，affecting up to 80percent of female endurance athletes．This means，Lyle says，that"too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in"．Women of child-bearing age are at greatest risk，since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss．Plus，many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat，which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron．And because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight，they may not consume enough iron-rich food，and are liable to experience a deficiency．
Exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms．Some iron is lost in sweat，and，for unknown reasons，intense endurance exercise is sometimes associated with bleeding of the digestive system．Athletes in high-impact sports such as running may also lose iron through a phenomenon where small blood vessels in the feet leak blood．
There are three stages of iron deficiency．The first and most common is having low iron reserves，a condition that typically has no symptoms．Fatigue and poor performance may begin to appear in the second stage of deficiency，when not enough iron is present to form the molecules（分子） of blood protein that transport oxygen to the working muscles．In the third and final stage，people often feel weak，tired，and out of breath-and exercise performance is severely compromised．
"People think that if they're not at the third stage，nothing is wrong，but that's not true，"says John L．Beard，who helped design the Purdue study．"You're not stage 3until your iron reserves go to zero，and if you wait until that point，you're in trouble．"
Beard and other experts say it's advisable for people to have a yearly blood test．If iron levels are low，talk with a physician to see if the deficiency should be corrected by changing your diet and taking iron-rich foods or by taking iron-added pills．
"Select breads and cereals with the words‘iron-added'on the label，"writes sports diet expert Nancy Clark．"This added iron supplements the small amount that naturally occurs in grains．"Clark also recommends cooking in iron pans，as food can obtain iron from the pan during the cooking process．

64．Which of the following may be the title for the passage？C
A．Science，sports and exercise
B．Correct iron deficiency
C．Women，Iron and exercise
D．Women，health and exercise
65．The third paragraph is developed mainly byB．
A．organizing the details according to the order of time
B．presenting the result followed by specific causes
C．beginnign with details followed by a general statement
D．making comparisons ad contrasts
66．What does it mean when you are in the third stage of iron defieiency？D
A．Nothing serious though you don't have much iron stored in the body．
B．There is not enough iron to form the molecules of blood protein to transport oxygen．
C．The small blood vessels in your reet are beginnig to leak blood．
D．No iron is ldft in your body and you would be in trouble without urgent measures．
67．What is the writer's attitude in writing this passage？D
A．Defensive．  B．Persuasive．
C．Supportive． D．Objective．
1．Alexis was hotand tired．With rage in her voice she shouted，"Pull me up！I give up，I hate this．This is stupid!"It was at that moment when Jason，the adviser on the trip，looked at me and said，"Ed，I'm going to go down and talk with her．"I then shouted down to Alexis，"Hold on!You can do this．We know you can!"
Jason grasped another rope，put his climbing harness（系带）on and began to move down the cliff．Within moments Jason was beside Alexis．She had her cheek directly against the face of the rock with her feet barely resting on a small piece of the cliff that stuck outward．Jason said to Alexis，"I know that you have been on this cliff now for what seems like a long time．Your feet and fingers are cramping（痉挛）up and your forearms feel as though they are on fire．But，Alexis，you are strong，look how far up you are already．You have taken one of the more difficult paths up the cliff．Alexis，look at the path you have taken．"
     At that moment，Alexis moved her cheek away from the rock face and looked down．The bright white chalk she used in her hands to give her a better hold，showed the path where her tired hands had moved her upward on the cliff．Jason was right．Alexis had taken the hardest way up the cliff．Jason then looked straight into Alexis'eyes and in a calm voice he said，"You are not alone out here，there are people who care about you，who want to help you and see you succeed．We are going to do this together．Are you ready？"Slowly she nodded her head and took a deep breath．
32．Jason went down the cliff becauseC．
A．Alexis took a wrong path            
B．Alexis was trapped in rocks
C．Alexis didn't believe in herself        
D．Alexis'forearms were badly hurt
33．The underlined word"hot"in the story meansA．
A．angry      
B．uncomfortable      
C．disappointed     
D．running a high body temperature
34．We can infer from the passage thatD．
A．Alexis was finally pulled up by Ed
B．Alexis regretted having taken the wrong path up the cliff
C．Alexis was immediately sent to hospital after she was pulled up
D．Alexis successfully rock-climbed in the end
35．Alexis would probably becomeB．
A．easier to give up             
B．more strong-minded
C．poorer in health              
D．less interested in rock climbing．
2．My husband，my four-month  old daughter and I set out on a five-day driving journey from California to Washington．We had to stop frequently because our little child needed to stretch from the car seat．
One of our stops，once we crossed the Oregon border，was at a Black Bear Diner．Walking towards the front door we noticed a gentleman standing at one side．He was clearly untidy t without shoes and wearing worn clothing．We passed right by him and opened the restaurant door．Then something told me to go back．Holding my dmi^iter，I turned around and said to the gentleman，"Sir．Are you hungry？"He said，"Yes．"I then asked，"May we buy you something to eat？"He responded with，Sure，I can order something myself．wMy husband opened the door and the gentleman went straight to the counter．I told him to order whatever he wanted．The manager of the restaurant came over quite quickly and looked frightened．I spoke before he had an opportunity to．"This gentleman will have lunch with us today，w I sail．MPlease add his order to our bill．"The manager said with a frown，uokay．M We turned to our table and the gentleman said'loudly and quickly，"Thank You!"We were seated and upon completing our meal we were handed our bill．
I asked my husband what the gentleman had ordered．One besh orange juice，one coffee，one breakfast combination with a side of hash browns．
When we left the restaurant I looked for the gftndeoMin but did'nt see him，but that veiy small act just made my day．I hope in some small way we were able to add some joy to his life，even if only for a few  minutes．
21．From the peaiance of the gentleman，we can guess he was probably a（n）C．
A．waiter       
B．actor        
C．beggar      
D．worker
22．The manager of the restaurant looked frightened becauseD．
A．the man was nol friendly
B．the man had stolen something from the restaurant
C．he had fired the man before
D．he was afraid the man wouldn，t afford to p|iy the food
23．The manager said with a frown，"Okay，In this sentence，"frown"probably means？B
A．微笑      
B．皱眉      
C．高兴       
D．害怕
24．The phrase"made my day"in the last paragraph probably means．B
A．wasted my money 
B．made me very happy
C．made me feel sorry
D．moved me deeply
25．What can we learn from the passage？D
A．Where there is a will there is a way．
B．Practice makes perfect．
C．Never put off until tomonow what may be done today．
D．Helping Qthers is a pleasure．

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