题目内容
4.Sports medicine experts have observed for years that athletes such as long distance runners,especially women athletes,often display a lack of iron.Now a new study by a team of Purdue University researchers suggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women."We found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of moderate exercise of middle degree showed sings of iron loss,"says Roseanne M.Lyle,associate professor at Purdue.Her study of 62formerly inactive women who began exercising three times a week for six months was published in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.Iron deficiency is very common among women in general,affecting one in four female teenagers and one in five women aged 18to 45,respectively.But the ratio is even greater among active women,affecting up to 80percent of female endurance athletes.This means,Lyle says,that"too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in".Women of child-bearing age are at greatest risk,since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss.Plus,many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat,which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron.And because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight,they may not consume enough iron-rich food,and are liable to experience a deficiency.
Exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms.Some iron is lost in sweat,and,for unknown reasons,intense endurance exercise is sometimes associated with bleeding of the digestive system.Athletes in high-impact sports such as running may also lose iron through a phenomenon where small blood vessels in the feet leak blood.
There are three stages of iron deficiency.The first and most common is having low iron reserves,a condition that typically has no symptoms.Fatigue and poor performance may begin to appear in the second stage of deficiency,when not enough iron is present to form the molecules(分子) of blood protein that transport oxygen to the working muscles.In the third and final stage,people often feel weak,tired,and out of breath-and exercise performance is severely compromised.
"People think that if they're not at the third stage,nothing is wrong,but that's not true,"says John L.Beard,who helped design the Purdue study."You're not stage 3until your iron reserves go to zero,and if you wait until that point,you're in trouble."
Beard and other experts say it's advisable for people to have a yearly blood test.If iron levels are low,talk with a physician to see if the deficiency should be corrected by changing your diet and taking iron-rich foods or by taking iron-added pills.
"Select breads and cereals with the words‘iron-added'on the label,"writes sports diet expert Nancy Clark."This added iron supplements the small amount that naturally occurs in grains."Clark also recommends cooking in iron pans,as food can obtain iron from the pan during the cooking process.
64.Which of the following may be the title for the passage?C
A.Science,sports and exercise
B.Correct iron deficiency
C.Women,Iron and exercise
D.Women,health and exercise
65.The third paragraph is developed mainly byB.
A.organizing the details according to the order of time
B.presenting the result followed by specific causes
C.beginnign with details followed by a general statement
D.making comparisons ad contrasts
66.What does it mean when you are in the third stage of iron defieiency?D
A.Nothing serious though you don't have much iron stored in the body.
B.There is not enough iron to form the molecules of blood protein to transport oxygen.
C.The small blood vessels in your reet are beginnig to leak blood.
D.No iron is ldft in your body and you would be in trouble without urgent measures.
67.What is the writer's attitude in writing this passage?D
A.Defensive. B.Persuasive.
C.Supportive. D.Objective.
分析 美国普渡大学的一项研究表明,女性缺铁的比例很高,从事体育运动的女性更是如此,这与女性的生理特点与饮食习惯都有关系.
解答 CBDD
64.C 主旨大意题 全文探讨了女性缺铁这个话题,探究女性缺铁与体育运动的关系,以及缺铁的三个阶段.
65.B 考查篇章结构 第三段首先介绍该研究的结果:缺铁在女性中很普遍,然后从生理方面和饮食方面分析具体原因.
66.D 细节理解题 从第五六段In the third and final stage,people often feel weak,tired,and out of breath-and exercise performance is severely compromised.可知,到了缺铁的第三个阶段时,体内的铁储备为零,此时你会很有麻烦,人会觉得虚弱,呼吸困难,由此判断选D
67.D考查作者态度 根据Sports medicine experts have observed for years that athletes such as long distance runners,especially women athletes,often display a lack of iron.Now a new study by a team of Purdue University researchers suggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.可知本文从美国普渡大学的一项研究入手,介绍女性缺铁的现象,分析原因,陈述缺铁对人的影响,缺铁的三个层次以及如何预防和治疗缺铁现象,因此本文作者是客观地介绍该研究,而不是防备性,说服性或支持的.
点评 做阅读时经常犯错的主要原因是,仅凭读过文章后残留在脑海中的一丝印象来勾选答案,这样便很容易掉入出题人故意设布下的题目陷阱.所谓阅读理解,对于题目的理解一定要忠实于原文,因此,每一道题都应该与原文作全面的对比与核查,再得出答案.也就是说,阅读理解的每一道题目,在原文都应该有明确的出处,我们把这一出处叫做原文相关句,(1)排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项(2)排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项 (3)排除用于过于极端或负面的选项(4)注意结合文章主旨和主题去排除.