题目内容

【题目】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Since 1 first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans 2 (find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found 3 (it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in 4 (environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, 5 (small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health 6 (effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are 7 (casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came 8 drinking bottled water, in 9 the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet 10 (compare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.

【答案】

1the

2have found

3its

4environmental

5smaller

6effects

7casually

8from

9which

10compared

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塑料对我们人体及环境的影响。人们在呼吸、饮食中都不知不觉地吸入了许多塑料的微小颗粒,但这些健康的后果目前还不清楚。

1考查冠词。句意:自1907年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来,人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。根据序数词first可知此处要用冠词the。故填the

2考查时态。句意:自1907年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来,人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。根据此句Since可知主句要用完成时,且动作还会持续,主语是humans。故填have found

3考查形容词性物主代词。句意:它已经渗入我们的工具、我们的衣服甚至我们的身体里。根据主语是it,且way是名词,可知此处要用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填its

4考查形容词。句意:在《环境科学与技术》杂志的一项新研究中,研究人员估计,美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒,这些微粒的长度小于5毫米,平均呼吸量为5万多块。根据名词词组science and technology,可知此处要用形容词作定语修饰名词。故填environmental

5考查形容词的比较级。句意:在《环境科学与技术》杂志的一项新研究中,研究人员估计,美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒,这些微粒的长度小于5毫米,平均呼吸量为5万多块。根据than可知此处要用形容词的比较级。故填smaller

6考查名词的复数。句意:尽管食用这些塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚,但研究人员强调,人们随意吞下的塑料碎片的实际数量令人担忧。根据the health可知此处要用名词作主语,再由are unclear可知此处要用名词的复数形式。故填effects

7考查副词。句意:尽管食用这些塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚,但研究人员强调,人们随意吞下的塑料碎片的实际数量令人担忧。此处要用副词修饰动词are swallowing。故填casually

8考查介词。句意:据英国《卫报》报道,最大的诱因来自饮用瓶装水,瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。短语came from来自,起源于,是固定短语。故填from

9考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意:据英国《卫报》报道,最大的诱因来自饮用瓶装水,瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。根据先行词是drinking bottled water,指物,且由介词in,可知用介词+which引导非限制性定语从句,因此此处要用which。故填which

10考查非谓语动词。句意:据英国《卫报》报道,最大的诱因来自饮用瓶装水,瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知,此句谓语是added,因此此处要用非谓语动词,且a dietcompare之间是被动关系,因此要用过去分词。故填compared

2小题由since可知考查了现在完成时的用法。现在完成时结构:have/has+过去分词。主要用法有:

1、表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果,着眼点在现在。现在完成时时常与不确定的过去时间状语连用,表示“已发生”或“未发生”,如:yetjustbeforerecentlyoncelatelyof late等;也同表示频度的时间状语连用,如:ofteneverneversometimestwiceon several occasions等;也同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如:nowtodaythis morningthis monththis year等。但不能同特定的过去时间状语(in 1995last year等)连用。例句:

He has lost his wallet. 他的钱包丢了。

Why haven’t I seen you all these months? 我怎么这么多月没看见你呢?

We’ve had too much rain this year. 今年雨水太多。

2、表示一个从过去某个时间开始,延续到现在,并可能延续下去的动作。常同表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间的状语连用,如:so farup to nowsince last yearfor a long timeall my lifethese few days等。例句:

He has worked here for over twenty years. 他在这里工作已有20多年了。

Up to now, we have received no news from her. 到现在为止,我们没有从她那里收到任何消息。

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In the early 1990s, the World Wide Web was developed, in large part, 7 commercial purposes. Corporations created home pages 8 they could place text and graphics to sell products. Soon airline tickets, hotel reservations and even cars could be purchased online. Universities posted research data on the Internet, so students could find 9(value) information without leaving their dormitories. Companies soon discovered that work could be done at home and submitted online, so a whole new class of telecommuters began to earn a living from home offices unshaven and 10(wear) pajamas(睡衣).

【题目】 A drug designed entirely by artificial intelligence is about to enter clinical human trials for the first time. The drug, which is intended to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder ( OCD)(强迫症),was discovered using Al systems from Oxford-based biotech company Exscientia. While it would usually take around four and a half years to get a drug to this stage of development, Exscientia says that by using the Al tools it's taken less than 12 months.

The drug, known as DSP1181, was created by using algorithms (算法)to examine potential compounds (化合物),checking them against a huge database of parameters, including a patient's genetic factors. Speaking to the BBC, Exscientia chief executive Professor Andrew Hopkins described the trials as a “ key milestone in drug discovery “ and noted that there are “ billions” of decisions needed to find the right molecules (分子)for a drug, making their eventual creation a “ huge decision. “ With Al, however, “the beauty of the algorithms is that they are unknowable, so can be applied to any disease.”

We've already seen multiple examples of Al being used to diagnose illness and analyze patient data, so using it to engineer drug treatment is an obvious progression of its place in medicine. But the Al - created drugs do bring about some relevant questions. Will patients be comfortable taking medicine designed by a machine? How will these drugs differ from those developed by humans alone? Who will make the rules for the use of Al in drug research? Hopkins and his team hope that these and a great many other questions will be explored in the trials, which will begin in March.

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A.It's a better cure for OCD.

B.It has no side effect on humans.

C.Its development takes less time.

D.It doesn't need clinical human trials.

2Which is a key factor in creating the drug according to Paragraph 2?

A.Trials.B.Algorithms.

C.Compounds.D.Molecules.

3How does Hopkins feel about the way of drug creation?

A.Optimistic.B.Doubtful.

C.Disappointed.D.Puzzled.

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A.Medical Trials by AlB.An Example in Medical Trials

C.A Creation in Al DevelopmentD.Al - designed Drugs to Be on Trial

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