题目内容
8.Persuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with you.According to the ancient Greeks,there are three basic tools of persuasion:ethos,pathos,and logos.Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that she is trustworthy,honest and reliable.One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field.After all,you're more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that she is a good person.If an audience cannot trust you,you will not be able to persuade them.
Pathos is a speaker's way of connecting with an audience's emotions.For example,a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war.These words are intended to fill the audience with fear,thus making them support him.Similarly,an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats,to make the viewers feel pity.If the audience feels bad for the animals,they will be more likely to donate money.
Logos is the use of facts,statistics,or other evidence to support your argument.An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims.Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying"believe me".
Although ethos,pathos,and logos all have their strengths,they are often most effective when used together.Indeed,most speakers use a combination of ethos,pathos,and logos to persuade their audiences.So,the next time you listen to a speech,watch a commercial,or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money,be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.
28.Why does the author say persuasion is an art?B
A.They both entertain the audience.
B.They both require great skill to achieve.
C.They both demand full attention from the audience.
D.They were both common topics of ancient Greek writers.
29.How is a speaker able to show her ethos to the audience?D
A.By expressing her sympathy with the audience.
B.By telling the audience about her personal preference.
C.By using beautiful language to make her statements attractive.
D.By showing her knowledge and experience relating to the topic.
30.What can we learn about the three aspects of persuasion?B
A.Ethos is the most important aspect of persuasion.
B.Each aspect has a different effect on the audience.
C.Honesty is the key to making your arguments believable.
D.Political leaders mostly use pathos to persuade their audience.
31.An advertisement for washing powder which claims that many scientific tests show that our powder kills 95% of all bacteria"is mainly usingC.
A.ethos
B.pathos
C.logos
D.a combination of all three.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了说服是一种说服某人同意你的艺术,有三种基本的说服方法:精神气质,悲情和理性.
解答 28.B.推理判断题.根据第二段If an audience cannot trust you,you will not be able to persuade them可知作者说说服是一门艺术因为他们都需要伟大的技能来实现;故选B.
29.D.细节理解题.根据第二段One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field可知演讲者通过展示与该主题相关的知识和经验向听众展示她的精神气质;故选D.
30.B.推理判断题.根据最后一段Although ethos,pathos,and logos all have their strengths,they are often most effective when used together可知每个方面对观众有不同的影响;故选B.
31.C.细节理解题.根据第四段Logos is the use of facts,statistics,or other evidence to support your argument.An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims可知一个洗衣粉广告,声称许多科学测试表明我们的粉末杀死了所有细菌的95%"主要是使用标识;故选C.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
A. | Compare | B. | When comparing | C. | Comparing | D. | Compared |
A. | make | B. | have made | C. | were making | D. | will have made |
A. | problem | B. | motivation | C. | attempt | D. | realization |