题目内容

4．Some people have travelled to Canada while others may have just heard of it．As is known to all，the Canadian red and white mildly leaf flag is officially called The National Flag of Canada．The Canadian flag shows a stylized red maple leaf with 11points on a white background，with red borders down each side．The Canadian flag is twice as long as its width．The white square containing the red maple leaf is the same width as the flag．Canada is a very large country，too．It is the second largest country in the world．By contrast，it has a very small population．There are only about 29million people there．Most Canadians are of British or French origin，and French is an official language as well as English．About 45% of the people are of British origin，that is，they or their parents or grandparents，etc．come from Britain．Nearly 30% are of French origin．Most of the French-Canadians live in the province of Quebec．Over the years，people have come to live in Canada from many countries in the world．They are mostly from European countries and also from China，as well as other Asian countries．
However，Canada was not an empty country when the Europeans began to arrive．Canadian-Indian lived along the coast，by the rivers and lakes and in forests．Today there are only 350 000Canadian-Indians in the whole country，with their own language．In the far north live the Inuits．There are only 27 000Canadian-Inuits．Their life is hard in such a harsh climate．

21．What is the population of Quebec？B
A．More than 29，000，000people．
B．About 30% of the total population．
C．Over 45% of the total population．
D．Less than 30% of the French-Canadians．
22．Which of the following stands for Canada？A
23．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage？C
A．The Canadian flag is twice as wide as its length．
B．Most Indians are now forced to live along the coast．
C．Nowadays Inuits still have difficult living conditions．
D．Nobody existed when the Europeans began to arrive in Canada．

分析 本文对加拿大进行了具体的介绍，包括国旗样式，区域面积，人口数量，来源，分布以及居住环境等方面的详细信息．

解答 21．B．细节理解题．根据文章"Nearly 30% are of French origin．Most of the French-Canadians live in the province of Quebec"可知，魁北克省的人口约占加拿大总人口的30%．故选B．
22．A．细节理解题．根据文章"As is known to all，the Canadian red and white mildly leaf flag is officially called The National Flag of Canada．The Canadian flag shows a stylized red maple leaf with 11points on a white background，with red borders down each side．The Canadian flag is twice as long as its width．The white square containing the red maple leaf is the same width as the flag"可知，加拿大的红色和白色温和叶旗被正式称为加拿大国旗，加拿大国旗上显示了一个独特的红枫叶与白色背景，每一面加拿大国旗有红色边框，加拿大国旗的宽度是它的两倍长．白方含有宽度与旗帜一样红色的枫叶．由此特征可知，A项是加拿大国旗．故选A．
23．C．细节理解题．根据文章"There are only 27，000 Canadian-Inuits．Their life is hard in such a harsh climate"可知，现在因纽特人的生活条件仍然很差．故选C．

点评 本文为人文地理类阅读，此阅读提醒大多为解释说明文．说明文的解题关键在于抓住文章第一段内容，通常该部分就是文章的中心思想．说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章．把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键．说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等．

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59．What might be the best title of the passage？C
A．Signals of air pollution
B．Safety limits of air pollution
C．Air pollution，cancer risk
D．Air pollution，smog risk
60．What's the main task of IARC？B
A．To focus on cancer-causing substances．
B．To evaluate the air quality．
C．To study the developing risk of cancer．
D．To send signals to the international community．
61．Why should the international community take action without further delay？D
A．The composition and levels of air pollution vary from place to place．
B．More and more people in developing countries are exposed to air pollution．
C．Developed countries face air pollution，the level of which is higher than the safety limits．
D．A large number of people worldwide are exposed to air pollution．
10．One day an ant was drinking at a small stream and fell in．She made desperate efforts（61）to reach
（reach） the side，but made no progress at all．The poor （62）exhausted（exhaust） ant was still bravely doing her best when a dove saw her．Moved by her （63）determination（determine） and perseverance，the bird threw her a blade of grass，（64）whichsupported her like a raft，and thus the ant reached the bank again．While she was resting and drying （65）herself（she） in the grass，she （66）heard（hear） a man come near．He was walking along barefooted （67）witha gun in his hand．As soon as he saw the dove，he wished to kill it．He would certainly have done so，but the ant bit him in the foot just as he raised his gun to fire．He stopped to see （68）whathad bit him，and the dove （69）immediately（immediate） flew away．It was an animal much （70）weaker（weak） that had saved her life．
17．Mike was dying to apply for a new job，but he was unconfident of himself，for he thought of himself as a （41）failure （fail） and unworthy of success．He believed that the other applicants were better and more （42）qualified （qualify） than him．
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Remember：Sometimes your appearance is a mirror，（48）which reflects your quality in a way．Also，your state of mind counts．People with positive attitude are more likely（49）to succeed （succeed） than （50）those with negative attitude．
9．People who do not get enough vitamin A in their diet may develop night blindness．But in the developing world a lack of vitamin A causes much more serious harm to children．The World Health Organization links the lack of vitamin A to as many as 250.000 child deaths every year．
    One excellent source of vitamin A is found in sweet potatoes with orange flesh．Orange sweet potatoes contain high levels of beta-carotene（胡萝卜素），which our body can change into vitamin A． Experts say orange sweet potatoes specially bred （育种，培植） for growing conditions in Africa
could help solve the lack of vitamin A there．
     But，first，more people will need to be persuaded to eat them． Jan Low with the International Potato Center，a research organization says the sweet potato needs a better image in Africa． Jan Low says，…We do have an image problem with sweet potato in general in sub-Saharan Africa． It is seen as a crop of the poor．"Ms Low explains that sweet potatoes are mainly grown by poor women to feed their families in case another crop fails． The sweet potatoes commonly grown if Africa have white or yellow flesh． But，more importantly，they are low in vitamin A．
    Jan Low took part in a project to study how best to market orange sweet potatoes to Africans．She worked on an information campaign in Mozambique and Uganda．The campaign included radio messages about the nutritional benefits of the orange sweet potato．They advertised its ability to"fight diseases，make you strong，clear your skin and make you look healthy．"In areas without radio，the campaigners spread the message through community theater．The performances included singing，dancing and storytelling．And everywhere they went，the campaigners wore orange T-shirts and hats．They even drove orange vehicles．Jan Low says the color made it easier to gain public attention．
   Dan Gustafson heads the Washington office of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization． He points toefforts in the past to increase the popularity of other nutritious crops． He says most of these efforts failed because organizers of the campaigns did not consider what people wanted to eat．But Mr．Gustafson sees a better chance for the efforts to increase the popularity of the orange sweet potato in Africa． For one thing，except for the color，the vegetable is similar to what people already use．
66．What does the writer want to tell us in Para． 1？B
A． Vitamin A in food may cause night blindness．
B． People should get enough vitamin A in their diet．
C． The developing countries are in lack of vitamin A．
D． Vitamin A causes too many child deaths every year．
67．According to the passage，which of the following statements is NOT true？A
A． Orange sweet potato contains high levels of vitamin A．
B． Jan Low tries to persuade more people to eat orange sweet potato．
C． The campaign aims to advertise the benefit of orange sweet potato．
D． Fighting diseases，making you strong，clearing your skin and making you look healthy are the ability of the orange sweet potato．
68．Jan Low works forB．
A． the World Health Organization
B． the International Potato Center
C． the government of Mozambique and Uganda
D． the United Nations Food and Agriculture organization
69．The underlined phrase"points to"of Para． 5 is closest in meaning toD
A． lets            B． brings          C． takes           D． mentions
70．The passage mainly talks aboutA．
A． an image problem with orange sweet potato              
B． an information campaign in sub-Saharan area
C． the popularity of vitamin A                            
D． the function of vitamin A in people's diet．
16．Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods？One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation in your body．
Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and refined foods．When we cook foods，we destroy the natural enzymes（酶）that are part of the food in its raw form．These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food．When we consume food without these natural enzymes，our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream．In both instances，the result is obesity．When too many nutrients are absorbed at once，the body grows fat．Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive tract，where it becomes increasingly acidic （酸性的）．To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste，the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs．
Processed foods contain chemical elements，which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we've had enough to eat； as a result，people often overeat．Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle．The body will either identify these foods as allergens and then store them safely away from the organs as fat，or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste，which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body's cells．The body's metabolism（新陈代谢） becomes inactive，and the result is weight gain and obesity．
The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion increasingly inefficient．When that happens，even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common．
To stop this vicious（恶性的） circle in its tracks，people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize （使…中和）the acid already accumulated in body．Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help．It's also important to restore your enzyme balance．You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production．If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself，you need to take an active approach．-Raw and whole foods can be your choice．

31．What is the main purpose of this passage？A
A．To advocate eating more raw and whole foods．
B．To tell the differences between raw and processed foods．
C．To inform people of the harm of processed foods．
D．To warn people of the problem of obesity．
32．It can be inferred from Para.2thatB．
A．it is essential for people to protect their vital organs
B．foods with natural enzymes help people keep fit
C．we'd better be cautious about raw and whole foods
D．giving up cooked and refined foods is a new lifestyle
33．Processed foods are unhealthy because theyC．
A．destroy body's cells
B．are difficult to digest
C．may lead to obesity
D．stop body's metabolism
34．What is likely to be talked about following the last paragraph？D
A．Active approaches to avoid acid．
B．Different causes of acid accumulation．
C．Correct ways to cook raw foods．
D．Suitable types of raw and whole foods．
35．What can we learn from the text？B
A．Processed foods are good for our appetite mechanism．
B．Eating the right types of raw and whole foods does good to our body．
C．The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion more effective．
D．Processed foods also comfort the digestive tract．
2．More than a third of the babies born this year could receive a 100th birthday message from whoever happens to be on the throne in the second decade of the 22nd century，according to figures published by the Office for National Statistics （ONS）．It forecasts that 35% of the 826，000people born in 2012will live to become centenarians．
But a long life is not unalloyed good news．David Sinclair，head of policy and research at the International Longevity Centre UK，warned that for many the future may mean social isolation（隔离）as they live longer than friends and members of their families．
"It is of course good news that so many more people are living longer，"he said，"but there is a big'but1．We will be older，but in worse health，and at high risk of living alone．The other problem is that we are very poor at forward planning．We deal with the problems that are under our noses，but even problems two or three years away seem quite distant enough to put off．When you're talking about forecasts for a time half a century away and more，I see no evidence that we are putting in place the measures to deal with it．"
This year there will be 14，500centenarians in the UK，a number which is expected to increase to 110，000in 2035．
Women have higher life expectancies than men at every age：the likelihood of a girl born this year reaching her century is estimated to be 39%； for boys the figure is 32%．
The estimated number of female centenarians has risen from 500in 1961to more than 10，000in 2010，a figure which is projected to reach 71，000by 2035and 276，000by 2060．
Men are also living far longer，although their numbers are far fewer．There were an estimated 92male centenarians in 1961and just below 2，000in 2010．

35．The under lined word centenarians probably means people whoD．
A．are born this year
B．live longer than their friends
C．are in poor health
D．are a hundred or more years old
36．From what David Sinclair said，we can learnB．
A．he doesn't believe so many people are living longer
B．the older we are，the more likely we are to live alone and in poor health
C．the people who are good at forward planning are likely to live longer
D．too distant planning is not always necessary for most of us
37．Which of the following statement is true？A
A．About 289，100people born in 2012will live to 100．
B．More men will reach their century than women in the future．
C．The number of the female centenarians was 1，000in 1970s
D．More than 600people reached their century in 1961．
38．What does this passage mainly talk about？C
A．A long life is not always good news．
B．A long life also means social and physical isolation
C．In the future，more people will live to 100in the UK．
D．It is good to live to 100．
3．subways
The Tokyo Metro and Toei LinesFeatures：The Tokyo Metro and Toei lines that make up of Tokyo's huge subway system carry almost 8 million people each day，making it the busiest system in the world．The system is famous for its oshiya-literally，"pusher"-who push passengers into crowded subway cars so the doors can close．And you think your ride is hell．
The Moscow MetroFeatures：The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in the world．The best of them were built during the Stalinist era and feature chandeliers（枝行吊灯），marble moldings and elaborate murals（精美壁画）．With more than 7 million riders a day，keeping all that marble clean has got to be a burden．
The Hong Kong MTRFeatures：The Hong Kong MTR has the distinction of being one of the few subway systems in the world that actually turns a profit．It's privately owned and uses real estate development along its tracks to increase income and ridership．It also introduced"Octopus cards"that allow people to not only pay their fares electronically，but buy stuff at convenience stores，supermarkets，restaurants and even parking meters．It's estimated that 95% of all adults in Hong Kong own an Octopus card．
Shanghai MetroFeatures：Shanghai is the third city in China to build a metro system，and it has become the country's largest in the 12 years since it opened．Shanghai Metro has 142 miles of track and plans to add another 180 miles within five years．By that point，it would be three times larger than Chicago"L"．The system carries about 2.18 million people a day．
The London MetroFeatures：Londoners call their subway the Underground，even though 55 percent of it lies above ground．No matter when you've got the oldest mass-transit system in the world，you can call it anything you like．Trains started in 1863 and they've been running ever since．Some 3 million people ride each day，every one of them remembering to"Mind the gap"
56．Which one can provide the riders with some wonderful decorations at the stations？B
A．The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines             B．The Moscow Metro
C．The London Metro                           D．The Hong Kong MTR
57．Dis done with the purpose of making money．
A．The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines               
B．The Moscow Metro
C．Shanghai Metro                    
D．The Hong Kong MTR
58．We can learn from the passage that Shanghai MetroC．
A．carries the most people each day
B．is the world's largest
C．may be larger than the Chicago"L"in the future
D．is the busiest in the world
59．How many subways carry more than 5 million people per day？A
A.2            B.3            C.4             D.5
60．What can be inferred from the passage？B
A．Shanghai is the third to build a metro system in China，which has become the largest in the world．
B．You'll feel sick when you travel on the Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines．
C．Londoners call their subway the Underground because 55 percent of it lies above ground．
D．It is estimated that 95% of the population in Hong Kong own an Octopus card．

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