题目内容

【题目】选词填空(可变换形式,其中有两项是多余的)

1I’m ______ now, so I have to go without sweets.

2I ______ the rubbish and threw it into the trash can.

3You should ______ and rest because you look so tired.

4Steve ______ for three months after he broke his leg in the traffic accident.

5Vegetables and fruit are good for our health. Let’s eat them every day and ______!

6You can’t do such bad things, or you’ll ______ them.

7It is reported that the products ______ so far.

8All singers tried their best in the show. ______, their performance was successful.

【答案】

1on a diet

2picked up

3lie down

4was off work

5keep fit

6pay for

7have been put into use

8As a result

【解析】

本大题用所选短语的正确形式填空。做这种练习时,首先要弄清所给短语的意思,分析每个句子,根据具体的语境来判断缺少的部分的意思找到正确的短语,再根据在句子所做的成份确定其时态及语态,是谓语还是非谓语。更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和习惯用法,遵行英语的习惯用法,才能正确地完成本题。

1考查固定搭配。句意:我现在正在节食,所以不能吃糖果了。根据后面的语境“不能吃糖果了”,可知 “我在节食”,故填on a diet

2考查固定搭配。名意:我捡起垃圾扔到垃圾桶里。分析句子可知,本空根据后面的“the rubbish and threw it into the trash can.”可知,“捡起”垃圾再把它扔进垃圾桶里。根据“threw it into the trash”可知要用一般过去时,故填picked up

3考查语境及固定搭配。句意:你应该躺下休息,因为你看起来很累。根据后一句“because you look so tired.”可知你太累了,应该躺下(lie down)来休息。情态动词should+动词原形,故填lie down

4考查语境及固定搭配。句意:史蒂夫在交通事故中摔断了腿,三个月没上班。根据后面的“after he broke his leg in the traffic accident.”可知史蒂夫在事故中摔断了腿,所以三个月没有上班。“off work”意为“不上班”。根据从句“broke”可知,叙述的是过去的事,要用一般。主语是第三人称,故填was off work

5考查语境及固定搭配。句意:蔬菜和水果对我们的健康有益。让我们每天吃蔬菜和水果,保持健康!根据语境可知,多吃蔬菜和水果让人保持健康。“keep fit”为固定搭配,意为“保持健康”,故填keep fit

6考查语境及固定搭配。句意:你不能做这样的坏事,否则的话你要为此付出代价。“pay for...”为固定搭配,意为“(为某种过失)付出代价”。本句是一般将来时,will后要用动词原形。故填pay for

7考查语境及现在完成时的被动语态。句意:据悉,该产品目前已投入使用。根据时间状语“so far”可知要用现在完成时。根据语境可知,此处是指产品已被投入使用(put..into use),从句的主语the products与动词二者被动关系,要用现完成时的被动形式,故填have been put into use

8考查语境及固定搭配。句意:所有的歌手在演出中都尽力了。因此,他们的表演很成功。根据前面的“所有的歌手在演出中都尽力了”与 “他们的表演很成功”是因果关系。“as a result”意为“因此”。故本空填As a result

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【题目】 Some caterpillars’ warning signals (信号) may have evolved (进化) from walking. A team, writing in the journal Nature Communications, reported that the hair-like structures the living things use to make sounds evolved from legs.

The team studied caterpillars which use these structures to communicate their ownership of leaves. This means the caterpillars are able to “tell” strangers to go away without risking injury in fighting. “These are really interesting caterpillars,” said Dr. Jayne Yack from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, who led the research. “They make signals using hair-like structures which are on their back ends.”

The caterpillars drag these structures across the leaf to make scraping (刺耳的) sounds when strangers enter the area of their leaves. “When they make this signal, the strangers leave,” explained Dr. Yack. “It’s like saying ‘I’m here, get out of here — I already own this leaf’.”

The scientists looked at other species (物种) within the same group of caterpillars and created their “family tree”. They used chemical markers (标记物) to work out the relationship between the animals, showing which in the group were the more ancient species and which species evolved more recently. “Those more ancient species actually don’t have these sound-producing structures. They have legs that they use to walk towards strangers,” said Dr. Yack. These more ancient species, she explained, walk towards strangers and try to fight against them. “They can kill each other in the fighting,” Dr. Yack added. She said that the evolution of the scraping show had allowed the caterpillars to solve their fighting without injury. “So our idea is that these signals actually avoid harm to both sides — they solve fighting in a more ‘friendly’ way.”

The study also provides a map of an evolutionary process that many other biologists are researching.

1What can we learn about caterpillars’ warning structures from the text?

A.They have the same use as hair.

B.They are found in caterpillars’ heads.

C.They are used to fight against strangers.

D.They may have evolved from caterpillars’ legs.

2According to the text, Dr. Yack’s team did NOT ________.

A.draw a family tree of caterpillars

B.create a map to show how caterpillars evolve

C.study species within the same group of caterpillars

D.make clear the relationship between different species of caterpillars

3What does the underlined word “They” in the fifth paragraph refer to?

A.The ancient species.B.The chemical markers.

C.The sound-producing structures.D.The more recently evolved species.

4What is the main idea of the text?

A.How caterpillars evolved.

B.How caterpillars warn strangers.

C.Communication between caterpillars.

D.Caterpillars’ warning signals evolved from walking.

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