题目内容

3．What will power your house in the future？Nuclear，wind，or solar power？According to scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology （MIT） in the US，it might be leaves-but artificial （人造的） ones．
Natural leaves are able to change sunlight and water into energy．It is known as photosynthesis （光合作用）．Now researchers have found a way to imitate this seemingly simple process．
The artificial leaf developed by Daniel Nocera and his colleagues at MIT can be seen as a special silicon chip with catalysts （催化剂）．Similar to natural leaves，it can split water into hydrogen and oxygen when put into a bucket of water．The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuel cell，which uses those two materials to produce electricity，located either on top of a house or beside the house．
Though the leaf is only about the shape f a poker card，scientists claimed that it is promising to be an inexpensive source of electricity in developing countries．"One can imagine villages in India and Africa not long from now purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology，"said Nocera at a conference of the American Chemical Society．
The artificial leaf is not a new idea．The first artificial leaf was invented in 1997but was too expensive and unstable for practical use．The new leaf，by contrast，is made of cheap materials，easy to use and highly stable．In laboratory studies，Nocera showed that an artificial leaf prototype （原型） could operate continuously for at least 45hours without a drop in activity．
The wonderful improvements come from Nocera's recent discovery of several powerful，new and inexpensive catalysts．These catalysts make the energy transformation inside the leaf more efficient with water and sunlight．Right now，the new leaf is about 10times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural one．Besides，the device can run in whatever water is available；that is，it doesn't need pure water．This is important for some countries that don't have access to pure water．
With the goal to"make each home its own power station"and"give energy to the poor"，scientists believe tha the new technology could be widely used in developing countries，especially in India and rural China．

33．Which of the following orders correctly shows how the artificial leaf is used to produce eletricity？A
a．artificial leaves split water into hydrogen and oxygen
b．the hydrogen and oxygen gases are stored in a fuel cell
cthe artificial leaves are put in water
d．the fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity
A．c，a，b，d        B．c，b，a，d
C．b，c，a，d          D．c，a，d，b
34．The purpose of the scientists at MIT in developing the new artificial leaf is toB．
A．build up more power stations in the world
B．provide cheaper energy for developing countries
C．offer people in developing countries access to pure water
D．gain a deeper understanding of the photosynthesis process
35．The main idea of this passage isD．
A．an introduction to the history of artificial leaves
B．a mixture of water power and solar energy
C．giving energy to the poor
D．an invention copying photosynthesis．

分析 本文主要介绍了一种未来给我们提供能源的人造树叶，这种树叶会模仿光合作用把水分解成氢气和氧气，然后再发生反应来发电，可为发展中国家提供便宜的能源．

解答 33-35 ABD
33．A 细节理解题：根据第三段中"it can split water into hydrogen and oxygen when put into a bucket of water．The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuel cell，which uses those two materials to produce electricity，located either on top of a house or beside the house．"当把它投入一桶水中，可以把水分解成氢和氧．然后把氢和氧气体储存到放置在房间里或房子的旁边的燃料电池中，使用这两个材料来产生电能．由此可知正确顺序是A．故选A．
34．B 细节理解题：根据第四段scientists claimed that it is promising to be an inexpensive source of electricity in developing countries可知，科学家声称，它可为发展中国家提供廉价的电力来源．故选B．
35．D 主旨大意题：阅读全文可知本文介绍了一项仿造叶子光合作用的发明-人工叶子的工作原理、工作性能和工作条件，可为发展中国家提供便宜的能源．故选D．

点评 新闻一般采用"倒金字塔"式结构（即先说结果，再说重要事实，最后说次要内容），但有的通讯叙述方比较灵活多变，有顺叙、倒叙、中间或许还会有插叙、补叙等叙述方法，这就要求我们在阅读时特别关注．必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质．

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C．remember your teacher's instructions     D．stop using batteries
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11．Electronic book publishing has many of the same risks and opportunities as electronic music publishing．By delivering text direct to the user's computer screen，the e-book could cut down costs，and allow creators to deal directly with their audience，bypassing （绕过） traditional publishers and readers．But it also raises the possibility of mass piracy （盗版）．Phil Rance，founder and managing director of Online Originals，a London-based e-book publisher，sums it up．"No one wants Napster （在线音乐服务） to happen to books．"
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At the moment，most publishers would like to limit the use of e-books to the person who bought them，or to the computer used to download them．If that can be done e-books become just an extra income stream in a publishing industry that would continue to operate the way it does today，according to Terry Robinson，business manager for Adobe's e-paper group．"If you've cracked digital rights aspect，you've cracked the market，"he says．
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29．Which of the following can be the best title for this text？D
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B．The E-book-an Extra Income Stream
C．An Economic Rise from E-books
D．The E-book-a New and Big Challenge
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D．They bring in more money to creators．
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A．Copyright．B．Price．C．Quality．D．Popularity．
18．On a Saturday morning earlier this September，the world got its first look at the Strati．This electric vehicle is unlike any other currently on the road．It rolls on four wheels，but its body and chassis（底盘） weren't built in a factory．Instead，Strati's designers used a technology called 3-D printing．It created those parts of the car in one piece，from the ground up．
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It took 44 hours to print the new car at the International Manufacturing Technology Show in Chicago．Over the next few days，the car's designers installed additional parts．These included the car's engine，brakes and tires．Then，early on September 13，Jay Rogers climbed into the car，started its engine and drove the vehicle onto the street．Rogers helped found Local Motors．It's the Arizona-based company behind the Strati．Two weeks later，his team printed a second Strati，and just as fast，at a fair in New York City．
Justin Fishkin，a local Motors official，sees the Strati as a window into the future．Today，car buyers are limited in their choice of a vehicle．They can order only what car companies have already designed．But in the future，he says，you may be able to design your own car online and then get it printed to order．
Manufacturing experts say 3-D printing has begun to revolutionize how they make things．The technology has been around for decades．But these machines used to be so expensive that only large companies could afford them．In the last few years，though，that has changed．Many of the machines are now inexpensive enough for small companies-or even individuals-to own．Some local libraries make them available to the public．High Schools are beginning to use them in classrooms．Wide access to these printers means people can now design and print a wide variety of new things．
The car's printer is a one-of-a-kind device．
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To compete with current auto manufacturers，the 3-D printer would have to increase in a hurry，Schroeder says．By contrast，he notes，a Ford F-150pickup truck rolls off an assembly line at a rate of roughly one per minute．To print as many Stratis would require many more printers．Schroeder says he doesn't see 3-D printing soon taking over for such high-volume manufacturing．But，he adds，"Who knows what will happen in the long term？"
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee designed the 3-D printer used in Chicago．Lonnie Love，a research scientist at the lab，led the effort．
Additive manufacturing often is slow and expensive．It also may produce materials that are unreliable，Love says．So for two years，his team searched for ways to make 3-D printing better．They built new machines and tested them over and over．
All of that work paid off：their new machine is fast and uses less expensive material than earlier printers．In addition，it prints a plastic embedded with fibers of carbon to produce a stronger material．This helps ensure the material won't crack or break under pressure．

71．Which of the following statements about the first Strati is TRUE？B
A．It was born in a car factory in Chicago．
B．All parts of it were not made by using a technology called 3-D technology．
C．It is a pity that it has not run on the street so far．
D．Many senior research engineers worked on it，including Greg Schroeder．
72．What can we infer from Paragraph 5？D
A．Large companies are always rich enough to buy expensive things．
B．Now High Schools are beginning to use 3-D printers in classrooms．
C．Wide access to 3-D printers has made it possible for people to order novel things online．
D．High prices of new products can stop them from being used widely in the beginning．
73．What does the word"nozzle"in Paragraph 7possibly refer to？B
A．A single，thin layer．
B．A part of the 3-D printer．
C．A solid or semi-solid object．
D．A person who operates the machine．
74．Why did Lonnie Love make efforts to improve 3-D printing with his team？A
A．Because additive manufacturing might produce unreliable materials．
B．Because he just was interested in making new things．
C．Because he just wanted to build new machines and test them
D．Because additive manufacturing is always slow but inexpensive．
75．Which of the following can be the best title for this passage？D
A.3-D Printers Are Coming 
B.3-D Printers Are Becoming Well-Known
C.3-D Printers Are Becoming Cheaper
D.3-D Printers Are Making Cars．
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  It is not easy to provide an exact history of the street art movement．This kind of art has developed in many kinds of ways in places all over the world．Also，because it is illegal to paint on public and private property without permission，street artists usually work secretly．This secretive nature of street art and its countless forms make it hard to define exactly．And people have different opinions about the movement．Some think street art is a crime and destroys property．But others see this art as a rich form of non-traditional cultural expression．
  Many experts say the movement began in New York City in the 1960s．Young adults would use paint in special cans to spray their"tag"on walls and train cars around the city．This tag was a name they created to identify themselves and their artwork．This colorful style of writing is also called graffiti （涂鸦）．It is visually exciting and energetic．Some graffiti paintings were signs marking the territories of city gangs or illegal crime groups．
  Graffiti also became a separate movement expressing the street culture of young people living in big cities．Graffiti art represented social and political rebellion （叛逆）．This was art that rejected the accepted rules of culture and power．These artists could travel around areas of the city making creative paintings for everyone to see．Sometimes this street art created a conflict between artists and city officials．Graffiti artists created their images and city officials quickly painted over them．
  During the 1980s，two New York painters-Keith Haring and Jean Michel began showing their work in art galleries and museums．This is when street art started to become part of the more general popular culture．
28．What can we infer from the first paragraph？A
A．Street art has become popular and is accepted as a kind of culture．
B．Street art is very special compared with other fo rms of popular art．
C．Many people are beginning to learn street art．
D．Street art is better developed in big cities than in rural areas．
29．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？D
A．"TAG"was a word created by people to distinguish street artists and the other artists．
B．There are three reasons explaining why it is hard to define the history of street art．
C．The movement of street art began in the 1980s in New York City．
D．All the people don't think that the street art is a rich form of cultural expression．
30．The city officials used to get rid of graffiti probably becauseB．
A．they caused arguments between people          
B．they were ugly in someone's eyes
C．they were not painted under proper guidance     
D．they didn't express traditional culture
31．Which is the best title of the passage？C
A．The Way to Become a Street Artist         
B．What Does Graffiti Art Stand For？
C．The History of Street Art Movement        
D．The Work of Street Artists．
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25．Which of the following statements is NOT true？C
A．Learn to communicate with yourself first．
B．Share with your friends both your happiness and sadness．
C．We should avoid expressing bad feelings．
D．Don't forget to say thanks to your parents when they've done something for you．
26．How can people communicate with each other？B
A．With feelings．
B．Through symbols．
C．Through thoughts．
D．With hands．
27．How do you express your bad feelings to your friends from the material？D
A．To tell your friend what you think about the matter．
B．To tell your friend that it's important that you two should reach an agreement．
C．To tell your friend that you need the support from a friend like him．
D．All the above．
13．All through history，people from many different countries and cultures have lived together in Britain．The English language （61）consists （consist） of the grammar and vocabulary （62）these （this） people brought to Britain．That is （63）why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people．
The development of English experienced three periods-Old English，Middle English and Modern English．From the 5th to the 9th centuries，Britain was occupied by different groups from other countries，which led to Old English （64）replacing （replace） Celtic．Old English，a mixture of different languages，differs （65）from today's English．Middle English is the name （66）given （give） to the English used from （67）approximately （approximate） the 12th to the 15th centuries．During this period，French，though it didn't replace English，still made many （68）contributions （contribution） to Middle English．This resulted in more words with similar meanings．The words for the meat of these animals which （69）was served （serve） to the Normans，came from Old French．Modern English appeared in the 16th century，which went through many changes during this period．The question of （70）whether English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer．It is certain that this process will continue．

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