题目内容
18.Most episodes(情况)of absent-mindedness-forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room-are caused by a simple lack of attention,says Schacter."You're supposed to remember something,but you haven't encoded (译成密码)it deeply."Encoding,Schacter explains,is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact(影响)on recalling it later.Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations.If you put your mobile phone in a pocket,for example,and don't pay attention to what you did because you're involved in a conversation,you'll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe(衣柜)."Your memory itself isn't failing you,"says Schacter."Rather,you didn't give your memory system the information it needed."
Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness."A man who can recite sports statistics from 30years ago,"says Zelinski,"may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox."Women have slightly better memories than men,possibly because they pay more attention to their environment,and memory depends on just that.
"Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness",says Schacter."But be sure the cue is clear and available,"he cautions.If you want to remember to take a medication(药物)with lunch,put the pill bottle on the kitchen table-don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
Another common episode of absent-mindedness:walking into a room and wondering why you're there.Most likely,you were thinking about something else."Everyone does this from time to time,"says Zelinski.The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room,and you'll likely remember.
21.We can learn from the passage that encodingC.
A.slows down the process of losing our memories
B.helps us understand our memory system better
C.gets us to recall something from our memories
D.helps us to find out the mobile phone in the pocket
22.Why do women have better memories than men?C.
A.They seldom use their mobile phones.
B.They are more nervous about the environment.
C.They are more interested in what's happening around them.
D.They usually take some special medicine to improve memories.
23.The sentence underlined in Paragraph 4means thatB.
A.a note in the pocket will easily get lost
B.putting something in sight can be a good reminder
C.taking medicine can get rid of absent-mindedness
D.people of absent-mindedness must take medicine with them
24.What is the passage mainly about?A.
A.The causes of absent-mindedness.
B.The environment and memory.
C.A way of encoding and recalling.
D.The process of gradual memory loss.
分析 本文主要介绍了人们的健忘行为.人们的健忘主要是由于注意力的缺失,也就是本应该记住的东西没有被"编码"进入大脑,或者说没有把信息适当地输入记忆系统造成的.此外缺少兴趣也是导致注意力缺失的原因.在文中作者还提出了一些应对措施.
解答 21.C 细节理解题.根据文章第二段 Encoding,Schacter explains,is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact(影响)on recalling it later.可知"编码"的作用是让人们能过后回忆起来,故选C.
22. C 细节理解题.根据第三段Women have slightly better memories than men,possibly because they pay more attention to their environment,可知缺乏兴趣也会造成健忘的情况,故选C.
23.B 推理判断题.根据文章第四段"Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness"可知"视觉提示物"可以帮助对付健忘问题,但是这些提示物要清晰可见,同时要伸手可及,故选B.
24.A 主旨大意题.文章首段通过两个健忘的例子引出信息编码失败会导致健忘,然后在下文又提出健忘的另一个原因:缺少兴趣,最后两段提出了对付健忘的建议.故选A.
点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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3.Peter and Paul had a permission from their parents to camp in a field close to their farm.But,being adventurous boys,they know it would be more(36)B to camp in the woods that lay beyond the river.Excitedly,the boys (37)Cwith their tent and food.
Carrying their heavy(38)A,the two brothers walked along the riverbank,hardly noticing the distance or the sun beating down..They were eager to reach their(39)Bbefore lunchtime.As they entered the cool,shadowy woods,they began to search for a suitable camping spot.Peter wanted to (40)D close to the river at the edge of the woods,(41)APaul,who was older,insisted that they camp further away.(42)C Peter followed his brother deeper into the(43)A."This really is a wonderful setting!"said Paul in excitement.They (44)Dthe tent,and settled down to eat the sandwiches they had made,then decided to find their way (45)Cto the river to catch some fish.
"Are you sure that this is the right (46)C?"whispered Peter shakily."I'm sure we passed that hollow tree just a while ago."Paul walked (47)Dsilently."Look,there it is again.We're lost,aren't we?"complained Peter.Paul had to admit that he didn't know where they were.(48)A,they were a long distance from where they were (49)Dto be.They were not even (50)Bof where they had set up their camp.They set in (51)Cfor a few minutes until Peter had a bright idea."Why don't we look for clues(线索) the way trackers(52)Bin the movies?We weren't careful about how we walked,so I'm sure we would have left (53)Asome broken tree branches and leaves."
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What would their parents think of their adventure?
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"Are you sure that this is the right (46)C?"whispered Peter shakily."I'm sure we passed that hollow tree just a while ago."Paul walked (47)Dsilently."Look,there it is again.We're lost,aren't we?"complained Peter.Paul had to admit that he didn't know where they were.(48)A,they were a long distance from where they were (49)Dto be.They were not even (50)Bof where they had set up their camp.They set in (51)Cfor a few minutes until Peter had a bright idea."Why don't we look for clues(线索) the way trackers(52)Bin the movies?We weren't careful about how we walked,so I'm sure we would have left (53)Asome broken tree branches and leaves."
Carefully,the boys (54)Cthe marks that they had left,until finally they found their campsite.Hurriedly,they packed their belongings and set off(55)D the direction of the river.
What would their parents think of their adventure?
36.A.surprising | B.exciting | C.annoying | D.frightening |
37.A.went round | B.went back | C.went away | D.went though |
38.A.load | B.torn | C.food | D.storage |
39.A.grassland | B.destination | C.field | D.river |
40.A.live | B.lie | C.wait | D.stay |
41.A.but | B.and | C.or | D.so |
42.A.Unconsciously | B.Unfortunately | C.Unwillingly | D.Uninterestingly |
43.A.woods | B.farm | C.setting | D.camp |
44.A.put off | B.put on | C.put down | D.put up |
45.A.forward | B.near | C.back | D.further |
46.A.place | B.mark | C.way | D.time |
47.A.alone | B.about | C.in | D.on |
48.A.After all | B.At last | C.Above all | D.At first |
49.A.discovered | B.encouraged | C.persuaded | D.supposed |
50.A.afraid | B.sure | C.informed | D.reminded |
51.A.enjoyment | B.satisfaction | C.disappointment | D.imagination |
52.A.appear | B.do | C.work | D.behave |
53.A.behind | B.out | C.aside | D.amount |
54.A.fetched | B.watched | C.followed | D.collected |
55.A.for | B.to | C.at | D.in |
4.微信朋友圈已经成为非常受欢迎的社交平台.最近你班针对"是否父母应该被允许看你的微信朋友圈"这一话题开展讨论,大家发表了不同的看法.请根据下面所给内容,反映讨论情况并表达自己的观点.
注意:1.词数120左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数
2.参考词汇:微信朋友圈 the Moments of WeChat 参与 involvement
隐私 privacy 代沟 generation gap.
不同观点 | 理由 |
30%支持 | 1、青少年缺乏社会经验,需要父母的指导. 2、不允许父母参与,可能使代沟越来越来大,而允许父母参与微信朋友圈可以帮助父母与子女沟通并且使关系更加亲近. |
70% 反对 | 1、每个人需要隐私,假如父母允许父母看,我们将没有自己的密秘. 2、微信朋友圈是我们和同龄朋友交流平台,如果允许父母看我们的微信圈,我们将无法自由的和朋友由分享我们的想法. |
你的观点 | 发表你自己的看法. |
2.参考词汇:微信朋友圈 the Moments of WeChat 参与 involvement
隐私 privacy 代沟 generation gap.
12.Having been out of work for two years because of poor health,I decided to look for a part time job.
I (41)Cand interviewed again and again with no progress.I was getting pretty (42)B.
It was freezing cold last Tuesday evening.I was waiting at a(n) (43)A when I saw a young woman wearing just a T-shirt and no (44)B.I asked if she needed any (45)D.She told me she had lost everything in a big fire and had been (46)D for two days.
I dug in my (47)A and took out$5.00so she could get something to eat.I then took off my (48)B and shoes and gave them to her.She looked at me and said,"Aren't you,going to be cold?"I told her,it would be worth it if they could keep her a little bit (49)C.She was moved to tears and thanked me with a (50)B.
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I (54)D my thanks and was about to sit down when a lady dressed in a business suit said to me,"You just did the most (55)Cthing I have ever seen.What can I do for you?"I jokingly said a (56)A job would be nice.She asked for my name and said she might be able to (57)A something out.
The next day she (58)D me,saying she had a part-time position (59)Bin her company and wanted me to come in and meet with the manager that day.I had started my act of kindness just to make myself feel good,but I never expected to get so much (60)C!
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It was freezing cold last Tuesday evening.I was waiting at a(n) (43)A when I saw a young woman wearing just a T-shirt and no (44)B.I asked if she needed any (45)D.She told me she had lost everything in a big fire and had been (46)D for two days.
I dug in my (47)A and took out$5.00so she could get something to eat.I then took off my (48)B and shoes and gave them to her.She looked at me and said,"Aren't you,going to be cold?"I told her,it would be worth it if they could keep her a little bit (49)C.She was moved to tears and thanked me with a (50)B.
Then as I got on the bus the miracle(奇迹)of (51)A kindness happened.When I was to (52)D the fare,the bus driver said with a smile,"Madam,I saw what you just did and your (53)D is on me."
I (54)D my thanks and was about to sit down when a lady dressed in a business suit said to me,"You just did the most (55)Cthing I have ever seen.What can I do for you?"I jokingly said a (56)A job would be nice.She asked for my name and said she might be able to (57)A something out.
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42.A.surprised | B.discouraged | C.refreshed | D.frightened |
43.A.bus stop | B.subway station | C.local park | D.office building |
44.A.socks | B.shoes | C.gloves | D.glasses |
45.A.advice | B.work | C.information | D.help |
46.A.walking | B.moving | C.surviving | D.starving |
47.A.purse | B.room | C.book | D.hand |
48.A.glasses | B.coat | C.watch | D.hat |
49.A.happier | B.smarter | C.warmer | D.healthier |
50.A.smile | B.hug | C.jump | D.gift |
51.A.spreading | B.praising | C.enjoying | D.accepting |
52.A.change | B.check | C.borrow | D.pay |
53.A.bill | B.debt | C.rent | D.fare |
54.A.delivered | B.accepted | C.felt | D.expressed |
55.A.unbelievable | B.ordinary | C.inspiring | D.reasonable |
56.A.paying | B.comfortable | C.tough | D.challenging |
57.A.work | B.pick | C.find | D.keep |
58.A.visited | B.met | C.invited | D.called |
59.A.empty | B.open | C.absent | D.free |
60.A.after all | B.for nothing | C.in return | D.by chance |