题目内容

【题目】根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
When I was a child, I had to go to church and obey many other rules, though these rules at times caused resentment (怨恨). Perhaps the most extreme parenting decision my parents made for my four brothers and sisters and me was to create a home environment without a television.
We hated this decision at that time, because there was seemingly no way to keep this embarrassing fact a secret at school. Naturally, simple pleasures like cartoons, football games, and movies became huge novelties (新奇事物). I would go over to friends' or relatives' houses for that access alone.
When I reached high school, my parents bought a television, though it had no cable. However, I did spend most of my childhood in a home without a television. In fact not having a television did contribute a great deal to my skills, and it also forced me to develop other valuable interests. We grew up in a small town, so my brothers and sisters and I spent time exploring streets, fields and woods. And of course I read and wrote and studied, which pushed me toward a career path.
So would I give a similar situation to my own children if I had them? I doubt it, at least not in the most extreme sense. I'm too much of a football fan, not to mention the TV serials (连续剧) like The Wire. But television or almost anything for that matter is unhealthy for kids. It can prevent them from living a full life. So maybe a reasonable answer is no cable or no video-game systems or simply setting the time limit, but I haven't exactly worked out how to confine it yet. Although some people are against my idea, we do need limits after all.
(1)From the text we can learn that ________.
A.the author didn't like watching TV as a child
B.the author's family seldom went to church
C.not having a TV set brought the author many benefits
D.few homes had a TV set when the author was a child
(2)From the last paragraph we can learn the author thinks that ________.
A.children shouldn't watch TV too much
B.children should be forbidden to watch TV
C.children should only watch serials and sports on TV
D.watching TV is unhealthy for both adults and children
(3)Which of the following can replace the underlined word “confine” in the last paragraph?
A.Limit.
B.Punish.
C.Reject.
D.Support.

【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)A
【解析】本文通过作者自己童年时期没有电视的健康成长的经历,指出电视对儿童成长有害,应该限制儿童看电视的时间。

⑴推理判断题。根据第三段第三句In fact not having a television did contribute a great deal to my skills(事实上,没有电视机确实对我的技能有很大的贡献)可知,作者认为没有电视机让他获益良多。故选C。

⑵推理判断题。根据最后一段中television or almost anything for that matter is unhealthy for kids. It can prevent them from living a full life.可知,作者认为电视或者那样的东西对孩子们不健康,能阻止孩子们过充实的生活。故选A。

⑶词义猜测题。根据最后一句So maybe a reasonable answer is no cable or no video-game systems or simply setting the time limit, but I haven't exactly worked out how to confine it yet.(因此一个合理的答案是没有电缆或没有电子游戏或仅仅设置时间限制,但我还没有确切地想出如何它)可知,没有电缆或没有电子游戏或设置时间限制都是为了“限制”,故上句中划线单词应该用limit代替,故选A。

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Here's a surprising fact: Of the 1.1 million firefighters in the United States, about 780,000 are volunteers. Roughly a third of the population is 1 by mostly- or all-volunteer fire departments.
Also 2, perhaps. Sometimes they have to pay for their own gear.
I 3 this because I volunteer as a firefighter in Durango, Colorado. I responded to more than 50 calls in 2014, everything from 4 to car accidents. In that period, I spent close to $1,000 on optional gear not supplied by my 5, things like higher-quality flashlights, knives, and better gloves, which make my 6 easier.
Yesterday, a 7 was introduced in Congress that would give a significant tax break to those who volunteer their time as 8 responders. I hope it passes, not because it will put some money in my pocket 9, hey, (that'll be nice) but because it will ease the financial burden on volunteers and acknowledge their time commitment. I believe it will 10 more people to help.
And we 11 that.
In 12 areas where population density is low and calls for fire and EMS services are relatively rare, it just doesn't 13 to have career firefighters on the staff 24/7 (全天候). 14, volunteers are used to fill in the 15. We are ready to put our regular lives aside to help someone on what is the 16 day of their life. We have likely never met before, and might never again, but it doesn't 17 in a crisis. Without volunteers, the whole system would collapse.
There's a T-shirt that's popular among us, reading “For Pride, Not 18.” We volunteer because we know our 19 need us. We don't need a small tax break. Without one, we'll still put on our gear when the alarm goes off without any 20. But we'd appreciate one, and if it encourages more people to join us, it's worth it.
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(2)A.surprising B.amusing C.pleasing D.worrying
(3)A.appreciate B.know C.prove D.analyze
(4)A.wildfires B.wars C.lightning D.embarrassments
(5)A.company B.department C.team D.family
(6)A.manner B.life C.project D.job
(7)A.guest B.politician C.bill D.word
(8)A.wise B.proud C.same D.first
(9)A.so B.when C.though D.because
(10)A.encourage B.persuade C.invite D.allow
(11)A.neglect B.need C.predict D.admit
(12)A.dark B.rural C.dirty D.cold
(13)A.end up B.stand out C.work out D.make sense
(14)A.Recently B.Quickly C.Instead D.Besides
(15)A.time B.hole C.form D.gap
(16)A.busiest B.hottest C.worst D.shortest
(17)A.matter B.pass C.exist D.happen
(18)A.Satisfaction B.Pay C.Strength D.Education
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【题目】根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
People who smoke could lose around one third of their everyday memory, researchers say.
A study by a team at the University of Northumbria has shown that smokers lose more of their memory when compared to non-smokers. And the research also found that those who kicked the habit saw their ability to recollect information restored to almost the same level as non-smokers.
The study involved more than seventy 18-to 25-year-old volunteers and included a tour of the university's campus. Those who took part were asked to recall(回忆;回想)small details, such as music acts listed to play at the students' union and tasks completed at various points---known as a real-world memory test.
Smokers performed badly, remembering just 59 percent of tasks. But those who had given up smoking remembered 74 percent and those who had never smoked recalled 81 percent of tasks.
Dr. Tom Heffernan, who leads Northumbria University's Collaboration for Drug and Alcohol Research Group, said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking campaigns. He said, “Given that there are up to 10 million smokers in the UK and as many as 45 million in America, it's important to understand the effects that smoking has on everyday cognitive function.”
This is the first time that a study has set out to examine whether giving up smoking has an effect on memory. We already know that giving up smoking has huge health benefits to the body, but this study also shows how stopping smoking can bring a series of benefits to cognitive function. The research will now investigate the effects of second-hand smoking on memory, while Dr. Heffernan will look into third-hand smoking, such as toxins (毒素) left on curtains and furniture.
(1)What would be the best title for the passage?
A.The Effects That Smoking Has on Health
B.New Research on Third-Hand Smoking
C.Smokers Have Much Worse Everyday Memory
D.Anti-Smoking Campaigns Are Active Around the World
(2)The underlined words, “kicked the habit”, in the second paragraph can be replaced by “___________”.
A.giving up smoking
B.smoked at times
C.smoked regularly
D.hated smoking
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A.It needed young volunteers to complete some tasks.
B.It was about making a tour of the university's campus.
C.It needed volunteers to act at the students' union.
D.It involved a tour and a process of recalling some details.
(4)We can learn from the passage that ___________.
A.America has twice as many smokers as the UK
B.the research findings will help anti-smoking campaigns
C.the effects of second-hand smoking on memory have been found by the study
D.those who have stopped smoking have as good a memory as non-smokers

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