Question

【题目】Whether we’re 2 years old or 62, our reasons for lying are mostly the same: to get out of trouble, for personal gain and to make ourselves look better in the eyes of others. But a growing body of research is raising questions about how a child’s lie is different from an adult’s lie, and how the way we deceive changes as we grow.

“Parents and teachers who catch their children lying should not be alarmed. Their children are not going to turn out to be abnormal liars,” says Dr. Lee, a director of the Institute of Child Study. The fact that children tell lies is a sign that they have reached a new developmental stage. Dr. Lee conducted a series of studies in which they bring children into a lab with hidden cameras. Children and young adults aged 2 to 17 are likely to lie while being told not to look at a toy, which is put behind the child’s back.

For young kids, the desire to cheat is big and 90% take a secret look in these experiments. When the test-giver returns to the room, the child is asked if he or she looked secretly. At age 2, about a quarter of children will lie and say they didn’t. By 3, half of kids will lie, and by 4, that figure is 90%, studies show.

Researchers have found that it’s kids with better understanding abilities who lie more. That’s because to lie you also have to keep the truth in mind, which includes many brain processes, such as combining several sources of information and faking that information. The ability to lie — and lie successfully — is thought to be related to development of brain regions that allow so called “executive functioning”, or higher order thinking and reasoning abilities. Kids who perform better on tests that involve executive functioning also lie more.

【1】 What’s the purpose of children telling lies?

A. To help their friends out.

B. To get rid of trouble.

C. To get attention from others.

D. To create a popular image.

【2】 From the second paragraph we can know that ____________.

A. which factors can reduce lying

B. why some lie more than others

C. it is normal for kids to tell lies

D. how lying changes as kids grow

【3】It can be inferred from the passage that ________________.

A. children’s lies are the same as adults’

B. the better kids are, the more they lie

C. the older kids are, the more they lie

D. kids always keep the truth in their mind

【4】What is NOT included in the passage?

A. The reasons why kids tell lies.

B. Which kind of kids tells more lies.

C. Experiments about lying of young kids.

D. What to do with lying children.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

试题分析:我们都知道撒谎不好。但是，作为父母和老师，面对孩子撒谎的时候，不必太过于紧张，你的孩子不会因此而变成大骗子，这只是他们的一个发展阶段。科学家们研究发现理解能力强的孩子更爱撒谎。

【1】B推理判断题。根据“Whether we’re 2 years old or 62, our reasons for lying are mostly the same: to get out of trouble, for personal gain and to make ourselves look better in the eyes of others.”可知，孩子撒谎有时是为了摆脱困境。因此选B。

【2】C推理判断题。由第二段的叙述我们可以看出，这段是在叙述孩子撒谎的时候父母不必过于紧张，他们只是发展到了这个阶段，这对于孩子来讲是正常的。故选C

【3】C推理判断题。由文章最后两段的叙述我们可以知道，理解能力越强的孩子越容易撒谎，而年龄越大，理解力就越强，所以我们可以推知，孩子年龄越大，撒谎就越多。故选C。

【4】D推理判断题。通读全文，我们可以知道，文章叙述了孩子们为什么撒谎，哪类孩子更爱撒谎，以及关于孩子撒谎的研究，但文章并么有提如何去处理撒谎的孩子。故选D。

考点 ：科普类阅读。