题目内容
17．
Similar to traditional marathons，OCR requires participants to undergo systematic training and careful deliberation before setting their feet in motion．These races are both physically and mentally demanding．Whether you're a first-timer or a seasoned pro，below is the fundamental guide to getting yourself prepared for the big day．
How to train for your first obstacle run：
◆Assess your needs．
◆Practice running as much as you can．
◆Build your total body strength-body weight exercises，core and balance exercises，jumping and climb ing．
◆Train how you plan to perform on the day．
Obstacle race essentials：
◆Clothing you won't mind getting ruined．Close-fitting athletic clothing is recommended．
◆Broken-in trail running or off-road shoes．To avoid injuries，never wear new shoes on a race day．
◆A bag to put dirty clothes in．
◆Gloves，towel，waterproof camera．
◆Water bottle and post-race snack．
Tip：Check the event's website to see if any specific equipment is recommended．
Safety caution：
As with any organized race，certain safety dangers are unavoidable．So far，no data on severe injuries from OCR events has been published，but participants are still likely to be subject to twisted ankles，pulled muscles or shoulder strain during these intensive attempts．
With that in mind，runners are advised to take their time and to compete defensively while staying alert for potential dangers．"Take it slow，listen to your body and reach out to the community for advice，"CNN suggests．"And learn to enjoy it．"
56．Which of the following essentials are all recommended for obstacle race？D
A．close-fitting athletic clothing，new shoes，waterproof camera，post-race snack．
B．gloves，towel，water bottle，waterproof camera，snack，a dirty bag，special equipment
C．close-fitting athletic clothing，towel，new shoes，waterproof camera，
D．clothing wearing well，waterproof camera，post-race snack，water bottle，off-road shoes
57．What can we learn from the text？A
A．Before participating in traditional marathons，athletes must be trained systematically and consider it carefully．
B．OCR requires participants to be healthy physically and mentally
C．So far，evidence shows，during intensive attempts，severe injuries from OCR events are likely t o happen．
D．Only a first-timer professional is required to get prepared for the fundamental guide．
分析 本文介绍OCR这一极限运动的要求，准备的装备以及安全注意事项．
解答 56．D 细节理解题．根据Obstacle race essentials中，never wear new shoes on a race day．A bag to put dirty clothes in．不是a dirty bag．Tip：Check the event's website to see if any specific equipment is recommended．specific不是special，所以答案选D．
57．A推理判断题．根据句子Similar to traditional marathons，OCR requires participants to undergo systematic training and careful deliberation before setting their feet in motion．与传统的马拉松比赛类似，OCR要求参与者在出发前进行系统的训练和仔细的思考．可以推断出传统的马拉松运动员必须经过系统的配需和仔细的思考，所以答案选A．
点评 本文考查细节题为主，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息？或是其变体．搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息．在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节．做这类题一般采用寻读法？即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案．
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2．In China，as in many countries，the north-south divide runs deep．People from the north are seen as hale and hearty，while southerners are often portrayed as cunning，cultured traders．Northerners are taller than southerners．The north eats noodles，while the south eats rice-and according to new research，when it comes to personality，that difference has meant everything．
A study published Friday by a group of psychologists in the journal Science finds that China's noodle-slurping northerners are more independent，show more"analytic thought"and divorce more frequently．By contrast，the authors write，rice-eating southerners show more qualities traditionally associated with East Asian culture，including more"holistic thought"and lower divorce rates．
The reason？Cultivating rice，the authors say，is a lot harder．Picture a rice paddy，its delicate seedlings tucked in a bed of water．They require careful tending and many hours of labor-by some estimates，twice as much as wheat-as well as reliance on irrigation systems that require neighborly cooperation．As the authors write，for southerners growing rice，"strict self-reliance might have meant starvation"．
Growing wheat，by contrast，the north's staple grain，is much simpler．One Chinese farming guide from the 1600s quoted in the study advised aspiring farmers that"if one is short of labor power，it is best to grow wheat．"
To produce their findings，the authors evaluated the attitudes of 1，162Han Chinese students in Beijing and Liaoning in the north and in Fujian，Guangdong，Yunnan and Sichuan in the south．To control for other factors that distinguish the north and south-such as climate，dialect and contact with herding cultures-the authors also analyzed differences between various neighboring counties in five central provinces along China's rice-wheat border．
According to the authors，the influence of rice cultivation can help explain East Asia's"strangely persistent interdependence"．For example，they say South Korea and Japan have remained less individualistic than Western countries，even as they've grown wealthier．
The authors aren't alone in observing the influence various crops have on shaping culture．Malcolm Gladwell in his 2008book Outliers also drew connections between a hard-working ethic （measured by a willingness to fill out long，boring questionnaires） and a historical tradition of rice cultivation in places such as South Korea and Japan，given that the farming of such crops is arguably an equally boring chore．
Title：How China's North-South Divide Has Influence on （71）Shaping Personality．
A study published Friday by a group of psychologists in the journal Science finds that China's noodle-slurping northerners are more independent，show more"analytic thought"and divorce more frequently．By contrast，the authors write，rice-eating southerners show more qualities traditionally associated with East Asian culture，including more"holistic thought"and lower divorce rates．
The reason？Cultivating rice，the authors say，is a lot harder．Picture a rice paddy，its delicate seedlings tucked in a bed of water．They require careful tending and many hours of labor-by some estimates，twice as much as wheat-as well as reliance on irrigation systems that require neighborly cooperation．As the authors write，for southerners growing rice，"strict self-reliance might have meant starvation"．
Growing wheat，by contrast，the north's staple grain，is much simpler．One Chinese farming guide from the 1600s quoted in the study advised aspiring farmers that"if one is short of labor power，it is best to grow wheat．"
To produce their findings，the authors evaluated the attitudes of 1，162Han Chinese students in Beijing and Liaoning in the north and in Fujian，Guangdong，Yunnan and Sichuan in the south．To control for other factors that distinguish the north and south-such as climate，dialect and contact with herding cultures-the authors also analyzed differences between various neighboring counties in five central provinces along China's rice-wheat border．
According to the authors，the influence of rice cultivation can help explain East Asia's"strangely persistent interdependence"．For example，they say South Korea and Japan have remained less individualistic than Western countries，even as they've grown wealthier．
The authors aren't alone in observing the influence various crops have on shaping culture．Malcolm Gladwell in his 2008book Outliers also drew connections between a hard-working ethic （measured by a willingness to fill out long，boring questionnaires） and a historical tradition of rice cultivation in places such as South Korea and Japan，given that the farming of such crops is arguably an equally boring chore．
Title：How China's North-South Divide Has Influence on （71）Shaping Personality．
| （72）Difference（s）/Distinction（s）in personality | ●China's northerners （73）feed（1ive）on noodles，and they are thought of as hale，hearty and taller with more （74）independenceand"analytic thought"as well as higher divorce rates ●On the contrary，the southerners prefer eating rice and have more"holistic thought"and lower divorce rates |
| Reasons | ●Planting rice needs twice more （75）1aborthan planting wheat ●Cultivating rice relies on irrigation system that requires neighbors to （76）cooperatewell ●If you are over independent，you might （77）starvein the south ●If you are （78）1acking（weak）in labor power，it is best to grow wheat in the north |
| The Research | ●The attitudes of 1，162 Han Chinese students were evaluated ●Other unrelated factors like climate，dialect and herding cultures were carefully （79）controlled ●The result shows the influence of rice cultivation can result in more cooperation and explain East Asia's"strangely persistent interdependence" |
| Another（80）similar（related，relevant）observation | Malcolm Gladwell also found the influence crops have on culture in his 2008 book Outliers |
5．Among the parents a certain doubt as to the necessity of children's doing so much homework．（ ）
| A． | it existed | B． | who existed | C． | there existed | D． | they existed |