题目内容

13．How to Take a Nap
Whether you think you need daytime rest or not，picking up a nap habit-or continuing to make time for one-is a smart，healthy move．Consider the evidence：The Mayo Clinic says naps promote relaxation，reduce tiredness，better mood and recover alertness （机敏）．A 2010British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep or drinking more coffee，a mid-day nap was the best way to cope with the mid-afternoon slump （萎靡）．
The Harvard Health Letter says that several studies have shown that people remember new information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it．And，unbelievably，a 2007study of nearly 24，000Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped regularly had a 37percent reduced risk of dying from heart disease compared to people who didn't nap．
To get the most out of your rest，follow these tips．
How long to sleep：Naps provide different benefits depending on how long they are，says MentaIFloss．com．A 20-minute nap will promote alertness and concentration； a 90-minute nap which includes deeper stages of sleep，can strengthen creativity．The danger zone is when you're somewhere in between，because waking up in the middle of a sleep cycle can lead to sleep inertia（惯性）．SO stick to 20or 90minutes for maximum benefits．If you wake up from a nap feeling confused or more tired，it's likely that your timing was just off．
What time to sleep：Prevention．corn says that you experience a natural dip in body temperature （the same kind that makes you feel sleepy at night） between 1p．m．and 3p．m．A power nap at this time can promote alertness for several hours and，for most people，won't affect being able to fall asleep at night．
How to get comfortable：MentalFloss．com says it takes about 50percent longer to fall asleep sitting up than lying down．（That's why we sleep so poorly on planes and trains!） Pick a dark，cozy place that's not too warm or too chilly．Prevention．com recommends napping on the couch instead of in bed，so you won't snooze for too long．
Surprisingly，the best place to sleep may be a hammock （吊床） if you have one．A Swiss study published last year found that people fell asleep faster and had deeper sleep when they napped in a hammock than in a bed．That same rocking motion that causes babies to sleep works wonders for grown-ups too．
Consider a"caffeine nap"：It sounds strange，but drinking coffee right before a nap may be the perfect aid for maximum alertness．Since caffeine takes 20to 30minutes to take full effect，you'll feel even more alert after your 20-minute nap．

分析 本篇文章主要讲述了睡午觉的好处．不管你是否觉得有睡午觉的必要，养成这样的习惯可以让你有效对抗下午的困顿．但是，睡午觉也未必适合每个人．如果你本身已经有失眠的问题，睡午觉会让你晚上更难入睡．

解答 71．habit    根据"Whether you think you need daytime rest or not，picking up a nap habit-or continuing to make time for one-is a smart，healthy move．"可知养成小睡的习惯对身体有好处．故答案为habit．
72．According  根据"The Mayo Clinic says naps promote relaxation，reduce tiredness，better mood and recover alertness（机敏）．"可知根据梅奥诊所说的，小睡对人有好处．according to根据．故答案为According．
73．better   根据"A 2010 British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep or drinking more coffee，a mid-day nap was the best way to cope with the mid-afternoon slump（萎靡）．"可知在2010年英国的研究中说中午小睡是对付下午萎靡的最好的方法．比较级和否定用在一起相当于最高级．故答案为better．
74．regular  根据"Medicine found that people who napped regularly had a 37 percent reduced risk of dying from heart disease compared to people who didn't nap．"可知定期小睡的人比不小睡的人得心脏病的危险要小．故答案为regular．
75．time  第一条建议是"How long to sleep"，指的是睡觉的时间，也可以说是How much time to sleep．故答案为time．
76．chances  根据"If you wake up from a nap feeling confused or more tired，it's likely that your timing was just off．"可知如果你从睡眠中醒来觉得更困倦，有可能是你的时间到了．chance机会，可能．故答案为chances．
77．without  根据"A power nap at this time can promote alertness for several hours and，for most people，won't affect being able to fall asleep at night．"可知有效的小睡会提高人的警觉而不会影响夜间的睡眠．故答案为without．
78．lie 根据"MentalFloss．Com says it takes about 50 percent longer to fall asleep sitting up than lying down．"可知躺着更容易睡着．故答案为lie．
79．surprise 根据"Surprisingly，the best place to sleep may be a hammock（吊床）if you have one．"可知令人惊讶的是，睡觉最好的地方可能是在吊床上．surprisingly=to one's surprise．故答案为surprise．
80．waking/getting 根据"It sounds strange，but drinking coffee right before a nap may be the perfect aid for maximum alertness．Since caffeine takes 20 to 30 minutes to take full effect，you'll feel even more alert after your 20-minute nap．"可知在小睡之前喝杯咖啡，那么醒来之后会更有精神．wake up醒来；get up起来．故答案为waking/getting．

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D．Thanksgiving ceremonies and celebrations in England．
E．History of Harvest Festival．
F．When is Harvest Festival？

76．D
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77．F
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78．E
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79．B
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80．A
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36．Chinese has become theB choice for the Americans to learn a foreign language．
A．first  B．second  C．third  D．last
37．The reasons for the young in US to learn Chinese don't includeA．
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B．the beauty of Chinese culture
C．the relationship between China and US
D．the success of the Beijing Olympics
38．Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Beijing Olympics？D
A．It is a great help for the Americans to know China．
B．It motivates the Americans to change their opinions on China．
C．It makes a good impression on the American people．
D．It makes the relationship between China and US complicated．
39．We know from the last sentence thatA．
A．the opinions mainly represent the people of upper class in US
B．the survey was only conducted among officials and leaders
C．the opinions will influence the leaders and officials in US
D．the survey was highly thought of by high officials and leaders
40．The writer of the passage intends to tell us the fact thatB．
A．the Beijing Olympics is of great influence
B．more and more people in US are learning Chinese
C．it is of great importance to learn a foreign language
D．people have different opinions on learning Chinese．
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56．The underlined word"constitute"in Paragraph 2probably meansA．
A．make up
B．set up
C．turn up
D．put up
57．From the third paragraph，we can learnC．
A．what body language is
B．how to use body language
C．body language is very useful
D．body language is very impressive
58．We are advised to observe the body language of other people toB．
A．to remember everything they say
B．understand the hidden meaning
C．draw their attention to them
D．show respect for them
59．Which of the following is NOT true about body language？D
A．It is a part of communication．
B．It helps us communicate more effectively．
C．It sometimes tells more than spoken language．
D．It's only needed when we have nothing to say．
5．Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing．However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt．
In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in．A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths．By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom．So did the king of England in 1546．Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way．Henry IV，king of France，was famously dirty．Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out．
Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century．Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health．Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease．Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II．Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea：clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine．Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far？
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays．Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease．On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist （免疫学家），encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system．And the latter position is gaining some ground．

47．The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses becauseC．
A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment
B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in
C．they believed disease could be spread in public baths
D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease
48．Which of the following best describes Henry IV's attitude to bathing？A
A．Afraid   B．Curious   C．Approving   D．Uninterested
49．How does the passage mainly develop？C
A．By providing examples．
B．By making comparisons．
C．By following the order of time．
D．By following the order of importance．
50．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage？D
A．To stress the role of dirt．
B．To introduce the history of dirt．
C．To call attention to the danger of dirt．
D．To present the change of views on dirt．
2．Today's children are the"result"of the modern society．Our parents have jobs that keep them busy almost all day long．They only have a free day in a week．This doesn't allow them to keep an eye on their children．
On the other hand，the modern society gives more freedom to the children than they could"handle"．As a child，you don't know how to grow up by yourself until you reach a certain age．That is why you need school and parents to be by your side all the time．If you don't have either of them you may make a lot of mistakes．The social system of the modern society is verylenientespecially with the children．
Most of the children today are rebels （判逆者）．They are rude．They are given too much freedom by their families．This is their parent's mistake．They ought to know that the freedom they give to their children is misunderstood．
For example it is a bad thing for a 17-year-old child to go out in the evening on weekends．Parents are also guilty of the way their children show up in the street or at school．The same guilt belongs to the teaching system as well．Pupils shouldn't be allowed to dress like they were on a fashion presentation at school．
Another important fact we can think of regarding the freedom of children is their free will of spending money．Parents shouldn't allow their children to spend money on whatever they want．
I think children are given too much freedom not only by their parents，but also by the society．The latter is more to be blamed!

64．The writer implies that parents'busy lifestyleD．
A．makes their children become independent
B．may lead to a tense parent-child relationship
C．is harmful to their children's health
D．is likely to create a troubled generation
65．What does the underlined word"lenient"（in Para 2）mean？B
A．Not responsible    B．Not strict．C．Unkind．D．Unfair．
66．It seems that the writer agrees that studentsC．
A．should stay at home on weekends     
B．can wear trendy clothes at school
C．had better wear school uniform at school                
D．can be allowed to go out in the evenings
67．According to the writer，which of the following takes the primary responsibility for children's problems？A
A．The social environment
B．The educational system．
C．Each family
D．The school．
3．Americans use many expressions with the word"dog"．People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well．They take their dogs for walks，let them play outside and give them good food and medical care．However，dogs without owners to care for lead a different kind of life．The expression"to lead a dog's life"describes a person who has an unhappy life．
    Some people say we live in a dog-eat-dog world．That means many people are competing for the same things，like good jobs．They say that to be successful，a person has to work like a dog．This means they have to work very，very hard．Such hard work can make people dog-tired．And，the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog．
    Still，people say every dog has its day．This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life．To be successful，people often have to learn new skills．Yet，some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks．They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things．
    People who are unkind or uncaring can be described as meaner than a junkyard dog．Junkyard dogs live in places where people throw away things they do not want．Mean dogs are often used to guard this property．They bark or attack people who try to enter the property．However，sometimes a person who appears to be mean and threatening is really not so bad．We say his bark is worse than his bite．
    Doghouse provide shelter but they can be cold and lonely in the winter．Husbands and wives use this doghouse when they are angry at each other．For example，a woman might get angry at her husband for coming home late or forgetting their wedding anniversary．She might tell him that he is in the doghouse and treats him badly．However，the husband may decide that it is best to leave things alone and not create more problems．He might decide to let sleeping dogs lie．
    Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather．The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year．A rainstorm may cool the weather．But we do not want it to rain too hard．We do not want it to rain cats and dogs．
66．The underlined expression"work like a dog"in Paragraph 2 meansD
A．become successful              
B．have an unhappy life
C．compete for the same things      
D．work very，very hard
67．If a man comes home late，his wife might say angrily，"D．"
A．it will rain cats and dogs         
B．every dog has its day
C．you lead a dog's life              
D．you are in the doghouse
68．"Leave things untouched"has the same meaning as"C"．
A．lead a dog's life               
B．teach an old dog new tricks
C．let sleeping dogs lie                
D．make people dog-tired
69．It has been really hot these days，asB
A．it rains cats and dogs              
B．we are having the dog days of summer
C．we're leading a dog's life         
D．we're in the dog's house
70．What does the text mainly talk about？B
A．Expressions in American culture
B．Some expressions with the word dog
C．A  good way to learn English well   
D．Dog's influence on American culture．

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