题目内容
4.Lots of bacteria can grow in the seemingly unfriendly environment under glaciers(冰川),a region formerly considered free of much biology.This finding by glaciologists working in Switzerland could help solve some puzzles of the last ice age and point the way for finding life on other planets.Bacteria with odd lifestyles have been under increasing study lately,with most research focused on the species which prefer hot homes.The new study shifts attention to the other end of the thermometer(温度计).The exciting thing is the idea of pushing the window of acceptable bacterial environments a little bit farther open.
Researchers have previously collected small numbers of bacteria from ice in Antarctica and Greenland,but they could not determine whether these were active bacteria or just frozen cells blown in by wind.In contrast,the earth beneath two Swiss glaciers harbors large colonies of bacteria-hundreds of millions of cells per gram-that appear to be growing at 0℃.
Scientists followed upon these findings by taking samples of ice,water,and earth at two mountain glaciers.They found that earth beneath the glaciers contained much larger populations of bacteria than did surface and inner part of ice.Those findings indicate that the bacteria were growing at the bottom of the glacier and are not something washed in while the scientists drilled through the ice.
Looking at the bacteria under a microscope(显微镜),the researchers found that many were in the process of dividing,and healthy under the ice.The bacteria might break down minerals and plant remains originally buried beneath the glacier or later washed in by water going slowly through the ice,scientists say.
"Some of the assumptions we have made in the past now must be seriously questioned,"say researchers."If bacteria can live under glaciers on Earth,why not on other planets?The new study points out in many ways that the bottoms of glaciers are probably quite good environments from the point of view of bacteria.So,maybe the bottom of the ice sheets on other planets would be a sensible place to try if you're going to look for life on them."
72.What is special about the new study on bacteria?D
A.It focuses on the bacteria in hot environments.
B.It opens the windows of the bacterial labs wider.
C.It pays more attention to the bacteria in the thermometer.
D.It changes scientists'view about the environment bacteria exist in.
73.Which of the following facts proves that bacteria under glaciers are alive?C
A.Water is going slowly through the ice.
B.The drills used by scientists are free of bacteria.
C.Many of the bacteria are in the process of dividing.
D.The earth beneath the glacier contains more bacteria.
74.From the passage we can learn thatC.
A.bacteria disappear in the inner part of ice
B.bacteria must be also alive on other planets
C.bacteria can grow in extreme weathers
D.bacteria grow by breaking themselves down
75.The passage is mainly about the possibility of the existence of lifeD.
A.under the sea B.in hot water C.on other planets D.under glaciers.
分析 ,可知本文主要讲了科学家在冰川底下发现了健康活着的细菌,改变了科学家对其生活环境的看法,表明细菌可以在极端的环境下存活,这是对细菌研究的重大发现
解答 DCCD
72.D 根据The new study shifts attention to the other end of the thermometer(温度计).The exciting thing is the idea of pushing the window of acceptable bacterial environments a little bit farther open.可知,这些关于细菌的研究改变了科学家对其生活环境的看法,故答案为D
73.C 根据Looking at the bacteria under a microscope(显微镜),the researchers found that many were in the process of dividing,and healthy under the ice.可知,很多细菌正在分裂并健康的生长,可以判断细菌是活体,故答案为C
74.C 根据The new study points out in many ways that the bottoms of glaciers are probably quite good environments from the point of view of bacteria.可知,细菌可以在极端的环境中生存,故答案为C
75.D 纵观全文,可知本文主要讲了科学家在冰川底下发现了健康活着的细菌,改变了科学家对其生活环境的看法,表明细菌可以在极端的环境下存活,这是对细菌研究的重大发现,故答案为D
点评 做阅读时经常犯错的主要原因是,仅凭读过文章后残留在脑海中的一丝印象来勾选答案,这样便很容易掉入出题人故意设布下的题目陷阱.所谓阅读理解,对于题目的理解一定要忠实于原文,因此,每一道题都应该与原文作全面的对比与核查,再得出答案.也就是说,阅读理解的每一道题目,在原文都应该有明确的出处,我们把这一出处叫做原文相关句,(1)排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项(2)排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项 (3)排除用于过于极端或负面的选项(4)注意结合文章主旨和主题去排除.
Think of the times that we were(41)B or upset with someone or about something that happened.Those emotions are(42)A with us when we arrive home.How do we (43)Athem?We let them out on whoever may be the(44)D person in the line of fire.It could be our wife or husband,children and even the dog or cat.(45)C this behavior is not respectful,we have all done it.
We understand this is part of being(46)B and we learn to deal with it.Usually we say sorry for our bad behavior later to the man we hurt.But kids do not get (47)A!They don't (48)A that it's just because we are human or it's just a reaction to something totally unrelated.We may raise our voice,(49)D,or even slam a door.We may even (50)B our child a fool and ask them (51)A they are so stupid?
To a kid this is hurtful and (52)B,which can cause anxiety and a (53)B of confidence.The more it (54)A,the worse the child feels.It can affect their social life,school life and even life at home,causing them to become (55)C,or turn inward.These emotions (56)C much worse behavior if not dealt with.
Children need to be (57)A with respect and honesty.Once hurt happens,make sure we (58)B to that child,get his full attention and wholeheartedly (59)A for our loss of contro1.Take full (60)D for our actions.
41.A.happy | B.angry | C.excited | D.satisfied |
42.A.still | B.yet | C.again | D.only |
43.A.handle | B.avoid | C.change | D.protect |
44.A.1ast | B.good | C.wise | D.first |
45.A.Until | B.After | C.Although | D.Before |
46.A.important | B.human | C.specific | D.friendly |
47.A.it | B.them | C.one | D.those |
48.A.realize | B.suspect | C.worry | D.wonder |
49.A.whistle | B.1augh | C.mourn | D.yell |
50.A.name | B.call | C.make | D.offer |
51.A.why | B.how | C.when | D.where |
52.A.encouraging | B.damaging | C.boring | D.interesting |
53.A.sense | B.1ack | C.kind | D.part |
54.A.occurs | B.grows | C.proves | D.fails |
55.A.honest | B.brave | C.aggressive | D.active |
56.A.break into | B.rely on | C.1ead to | D.result from |
57.A.treated | B.cheated | C.controlled | D.blamed |
58.A.shout | B.go | C.come | D.rush |
59.A.apologize | B.pray | C.regret | D.care |
60.A.pleasure | B.offence | C.pressure | D.responsibility. |
A.Joint effort in the development of for-profit centers B.Benefits brought to parents C.An alternative to the problem of public playgrounds D.Suitable time arrangement for working parents E.Parents'worries of the kids safety in the new playground F.Parents'concern about kids playing time |
As public playgrounds grow increasingly worn and shabby,the for-profit centers offer clean,safe,supervised activities as well as a variety of challenging exercises to develop youngsters'physical fitness,usually for a fee of around﹩5 an hour."Playgrounds are dirty,not supervised,"says Dick Guggenheimer,owner of the two-month-old Discovery Zone in Yonkers,N.Y.,part of a Kansas City-based chain."We're indoors; we're padded; parents can feel their child is safe."
77.A
Discovery Zone has sold 120 outlets in the past 14 months,boasting sandboxes full of brightly colored plastic balls,mazes,obstacle courses,slides and mountains to climb.Now McDonalds is getting into the act.The burger giant is test-marketing a new playground,Leaps&Bounds,in Naperville,Ill.Phys Kids of Wichita has opened one center and has plans to expand.
78.F
American parents are rightly worried about their kids'leisure life.There are 36 million children in the U.S.aged 2 to 11 who watch an average of 24 hours of TV a week and devote less and less energy to active recreation.Nationwide decrease in education budgets are making the problem worse,as gym classes and after-hours sports time get squeezed.Says Discovery Zone president Jack Gunion:"We have raised a couple of pure couch potatoes."
79.D
In an attempt to attract more people,the new facilities cater to (迎合) the concerns of two-earner families,staying open in the evenings,10ng after traditional public playground have grown dark and unusable.At Naperville's Leaps&Bounds,families can play together for﹩4.95 per child,parents free.Fresh-faced assistants,dressed in colorful sport pants and shirts,guide youngsters to appropriate play areas for differing age group.
80.B
These new playgrounds are not meant to be day-care facilities; parents are expected to stay and play with their kids rather than drop them off.But several also provide high-tech baby-sitting services.At some of the Discovery Zones,parents can register their children in special supervised programs,then leave them and slip away for a couple of hours to enjoy a movie or dinner.The most fun of all,though,is getting to do what parents used to do in the days before two-career families and two-hour commutes:play with their kid.That,at least,is old-fashioned,even at per-hour rates.