题目内容

5.Getting rid of dirt,in the opinion of most people,is a good thing.However,there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century,people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease,as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths.By 1538,the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom.So did the king of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way.Henry IV,king of France,was famously dirty.Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath,the king ordered that,to avoid the attack of disease,the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived,dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century.Scientifically speaking,cleaning away dirt is good to health.Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.Yet,it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea:clothes need to be whiter than white,cloths ever softer,surfaces to shine.Has the hate for dirt,however,gone too far?
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt,which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary,Mary Ruebush,an American immunologist (免疫学家),encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter position is gaining some ground.

47.The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses becauseC.
A.they lived healthily in a dirty environment
B.they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in
C.they believed disease could be spread in public baths
D.they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease
48.Which of the following best describes Henry IV's attitude to bathing?A
A.Afraid   B.Curious   C.Approving   D.Uninterested
49.How does the passage mainly develop?C
A.By providing examples.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By following the order of time.
D.By following the order of importance.
50.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?D
A.To stress the role of dirt.
B.To introduce the history of dirt.
C.To call attention to the danger of dirt.
D.To present the change of views on dirt.

分析 文章大意:本文主要讲述的是在历史的发展过程中,人们对于灰尘的看法是在不停地发生着变化.

解答 47.C 细节理解题.根据第二段第2、3行as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths.说明他们认为在浴室里还传染疾病的,所以才下令关闭浴室.故选C.
48.A 推理判断题.根据第二段最后3行Henry IV,King of France,was famously dirty.Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath,the king ordered that,to avoid the attack of disease,the nobleman should not go out.说明他很害怕疾病的传播,所以才把这位贵族驱逐出去,故选A.
49.C 推理判断题.根据第二段In the early 16th century和 did the king of England in 1546.以及Henry IV,King of France,was famously dirty.说明本文是按照时间的顺序来组织全文的.故选C.
50.D 主旨大意题.根据文章主题段第一段Getting rid of dirt,in the opinion of most people,is a good thing.However,there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.和最后一段Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt,which might be responsible for the spread of disease.都说明人们对于dirt的看法是在不停地变化之中的,故选D.

点评 本题是社会生活类阅读理解.这类题材的阅读理解是高考常考内容,他注重考查考生整体把握文章大意的能力,因此要求考生平时加强训练,做题时还要结合语境以及题目要求作出正确的判断.

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A.She studied at a music school
B.She studied voice in Europe.
C.She sang at Town Hall in New York
D.She sang for religious activities.
55.Toscanini thought that Marian AndersonD.
A.was seldom heard by people
B.sang occasionally in public
C.sang only once in many years
D.had a very rare voice
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A.in Europe            
B.in Washington,DC.
C.at the Lincoln Memorial
D.at the United Nations
57.This passage shows that Anderson finally defeated racism in the US byC.
A.protesting to the government
B.appealing to the United Nations
C.working hard to perfect her art    
D.demonstrating in the streets.
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The large,federally funded study found that to be true even if your loved ones lived far away.Social ties seemed to play a surprisingly strong role,even more than genes are known to do.
"We were shocked to find that friends who are hundreds of miles away have just as much impact on a person's weight status as friends who are right next door."Said coauthor James Fowler of the University of California,San Diego.
The study found a person's chances of becoming fat went up 57percent if a friend did,40percent if a sibling(兄弟姐妹) did and 37percent if a spouse(配偶) did.
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The study was published in Thursday's New England Journal of Medicine and funded by the National Institute on Aging.
Obesity is a global public health problem.About 1.5billion adults worldwide are overweight,including more than 400million who are obese.Twothirds of Americans are either overweight or obese.
Much of the recent research focus has been on the intense hunt for obesity genes involved in appetite or calorie burning.Treatment has been mainly centered on helping individuals curb(抑制) their weight through better diet and fitness.The findings could open a new way for treating this worldwide obesity.The researchers said it might be helpful to treat obese people in groups instead of just the individual.

72.Treating obesity at present is mainly byC.
A.not keeping in touch with your relatives and friends
B.taking some lossweight pills
C.going on proper diets and having right exercise
D.getting rid of obesity genes involved in appetite or calorie burning
73.According to the new study,obesity is"socially contagious",which seems to be mainly  caused byB.
A.genes   B.social ties   C.living conditions   D.diets
74.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 6mean?A
A.It is unwise for us to get rid of any of our friends because of obesity.
B.The best way of preventing obesity is to get rid of any of our friends.
C.If we want to keep fit,we must get rid of some friends.
D.We must make a good choice between obesity and friends.
75.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?B
A.The new study suggests about 1.5billion people worldwide are overweight.
B.Gene is one of the factors that have something to do with obesity.
C.Friendship and obesity are both of great importance.
D.It might be helpful to treat obese people just as the individual instead of in groups.
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You could be eating above a forest,a beach or in the midst of a European capital,floating above landmarks usually only seen from the ground.Whatever the location,the aim is to elevate(提高) dinning out of the ordinary.
That's the case with the Brussels edition of Dinner in the Sky,which during June gives 22dinners at a time the chance to enjoy gourmet(珍馐的) food while suspended near sites such as the Royal Palace and the famed Atomium(原子塔).
"I just thought,wouldn't it be nice if we could eat up here?"explained Stefan Kerkhofs,one of the Belgian creators.
Kerkhofs,who used to set up bungee-jumping and amusement park installations,partnered with marketing executive David Ghelys to develop Dinner in the Sky six years ago.The two now travel the world putting on dramatic dining shows.
Kerkhofs has designed and built 40platforms and charges up to 250euros a head for the experience,with Las Vegas,Barcelona,Paris,Monaco and Tokyo all popular destinations(目的地).
Besides the beautiful views from up above,Dinner in the Sky also ensures that the food is first-class,with some of the world's top chefs preparing the meals.One recent menu included gourmet dishes such as foie gras (鹅肝) and lobster with lemongrass.
Of course,Kerkhofs has to think seriously about security,too.Diners are carefully strapped (捆绑) into seats similar to those on a rollercoaster (过山车) and elevated gently by crane to the height,which depends on wind and other weather conditions,but hits a maximum of 50meters.

66.What is"Dinner in the Sky"?B
A.It's an idea of kerkhofs and David Ghelys.
B.It's an event in which guests dine at heights of up to 50meters above the ground.
C.It's an event that guests dine over the forests.
D.It's an event that guests dine over the the European capitals.
67.The aim of Dinner in the Sky is toA.
A.elevate dining out of the ordinary
B.show off the people's fortune
C.call on people to protect the environment
D.train people's courage
68.Guests of Dinner in the Sky can enjoyC.
A.spectacular views from up above and fresh air
B.first-class food and fresh air
C.spectacular views from up above and first-class food
D.fresh air and gourmet dishes such as foie gras
69.How do creators ensure diners'safety up in the air?C
A.Diners are put into a steel box.
B.Diners should put on expensive and strong clothes.
C.Diners are strapped into seats similar to those on a rollercoaster.
D.Diners ate strapped into the buildings similar to those on a rollercoaster.
70.Which of the following is True?D
A.Dinners in the sky are free of charge.
B.The food of Dinner in the sky is cheap.
C.David Ghelys haven't decided to develop Dinner in the Sky with Kerkhofs.
D.Kerkhofs used to set up bungee-jumping and amusement park installations.
14.This week,we talk about the application process for American colleges and universities.This is part eight in our Foreign Student Series.
Earlier,we explained how to begin a search for schools by going to one of the American educational advising centers around the world.We also discussed the rules for entering in the United States.And we talked about programs that can be completed online.
But if your goal is to come to the United States to study,then it is time to make a list of colleges or universities that interest you.Be sure to choose more than one.Directors of foreign student admissions say students should apply to at least three schools.
Some students want to attend a small college.Others want to go to a big university.If a really big university appeals to you,then there are ones likeOhio State.That university in Columbus,Ohio,in the Midwest,has almost fifty-two thousand students.There are students this year from around one hundred fifty countries.
Ohio State provides international students with an application on its Web site.You can pay the application charge online with a credit card.Or you can print the forms and mail them with the payment.
Many colleges and universities have their applications and also their catalogs online.
You should start on your applications at least two years before you want to begin studies.
Completing a college application can take some time.But answering all the questions is not enough.Another important step is taking admissions tests.The SAT is the college entry test that American high school students most commonly take.Another one is the ACT.
Colleges and universities may also require international students to take the TOEFL--the Test of English as a Foreign Language.
If you have a general question for our Foreign Student Series,write to special@voanews.com.
55.What purpose do Paragraphs 1 and 2 serve in the passage?D
A.To provide background information of the topic.
B.To attract readers'attention to the topic.
C.To offer basic advice on the topic.
D.To remind the readers of the last few parts mentioned of the topic.
56.The underlined part"Ohio State"refers toCin the fourth passage.
A.one of the states in America        
B.another name for"Columbus,Ohio"
C.a university in America             
D.the name of a web site
57.Besides a college application,you are required to takeBtest(s) if you're not an American.
A.only one         B.two          C.three        D.no
58.What will the author most probably talk about next time?D
A.A list of colleges or universities that interest you.
B.The rules for entering in the United States and programs to be completed online.
C.How to connect American educational advising center.
D.More detailed information about tests to take.
15.Dolls(娃娃)come in all shapes and sizes.Many people like to collect them.The reason is probably that dolls make people feel like they just gave birth to their own children.
One famous doll company is Madame Alexander.The dolls it produces are usually bought by mothers for their daughters to play with.Two of the most expensive dolls they have are Kathleen Toddler whose market price today is from 125to300 and Binnie,which costs about 175to475.
Cabbage Patch Kids are another kind of dolls.That company's marketing policy is different because you don't buy a doll but rather adopt one.You just have to pay a small,regular fee.They were very successful in the 1980s.
 Lee Middleton also produces baby dolls,including different collections.As they are very lively,these dolls are still very popular among collectors.
Another company that makes dolls is Tiny Miracles.They have a collection called the Ashton Drake Galleries that consists of 10-inch-long babies.They are not sold in stores,so if you want one,you have to order it straight from Tiny Miracles.
These are just a few of the baby dolls on the market.The best place to sell dolls is online because almost everyone has a computer and the company can make money here much more easily than by putting an ad in the newspaper.The companies don't even have to create their own websites because they can use auction(拍卖)sites,meaning they just have to open an account.
61.If you want to adopt a baby doll,you should chooseC.
A.Lee Middleton                     
B.Tiny Miracles
C.Cabbage Patch Kids               
D.Madame Alexander
62.If you want to buy a doll from the Ashton Drake Galleries collection,you shouldD
A.order it from the stores             
B.buy it from a website
C.buy it in the stores                    
D.order it from Tiny Miracles
63.Which of the following is an advantage for companies that sell dolls online?D
A.The companies need to make their own websites.
B.The companies don't have to open an account.
C.The online companies have to advertise their goods.
D.Auction sites allow them to do business easily.
64.What can we infer from the passage?C
A.Mothers like to buy expensive dolls for their daughters.
B.Kathleen Toddler is the most expensive doll in the world.
C.The policy of adopting a doll was popular in the 1980s.
D.Dolls make people feel that they are children.
65.The author's purpose of writing this passage is toB.
A.introduce ways to make baby dolls
B.introduce different kinds of baby dolls
C.tell us how to choose a beautiful baby doll
D.show different baby doll websites.

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