题目内容

17．As the population of the planet increases，so does the number of homes，businesses，parking lots，schools，airports and roadways．All these structures require electricity to be lighted．Humans demand these lights．They want their homes more comfortable and streets safe．The problem is that researchers have found that all this light has a negative effect on humans and wildlife as well，so please take care．
Less than 10 years ago I drove to a less populated section of my town，lay down in the middle of the road and watched an attractive meteor shower（流星雨）．The area was short of buildings and street lights．If I did that today，I wouldn't be able to see the meteor shower，but I would be surely run over by a car．
Nowadays scientists are finding light pollution can be almost as bad as CO2 Pollution．If you have ever taken a flight at night，you must remember the view of colored lights all around--it's beautiful but wasteful．How extensive this phenomenon is around the world!
Additionally，electricity needs to be created，and the process of creating that electricity will cause pollution by giving off greenhouse gases．This affects the air we breathe and our quality of life．
Apart from humans，it has been proved that wildlife is also suffering from light pollution．Thousands of birds die each year when they crash into highly lit buildings，as they are confused which direction they should go in by the light．It has been long known that tiny sea turtles become lost and follow lights on the shore instead of heading towards the sea．
Fortunately，light pollution is one of the easiest sources of pollution that can be corrected without a negative effect．We should not only pay more attention to light pollution，but also reduce light pollution by avoiding using unnecessary lighting．
56．The story given in Paragraph 2 is toD．
    A．describe the past beauty of the town
    B．show the advantage of a smaller population
    C．analyze the changes of lights in town
    D．prove the disadvantage of light pollution
57．The birds and tiny sea turtles die or get lost，becauseD．
    A．they are unable to see clearly at night
    B．their eyes are destroyed by right light
    C．electric lights prevent them from heading
    D．the light created by people misleads them
58．What would be the best title for the passage？B
    A．The Causes of Lights                B．Take care of Light pollution
    C．Ways of Reducing Light Pollution      D．The New Finding on Light．

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了光污染所导致的危害，它导致很多动物因为找不到正确的方向而失去了生命，同时作者让我们关注光污染，避免使用不必要的照明，以此来减少光污染．

解答 56．D  推理判断题，根据第二段The area was short of buildings and street lights．If I did that today，I wouldn't be able to see the meteor shower，but I would be surely run over by a car．可知本段的故事是向我们证明了光污染的缺点，故选D．
57．D  细节理解题，根据倒数第二段Thousands of birds die each year when they crash into highly lit buildings，as they are confused which direction they should go in by the light．It has been long known that tiny sea turtles become lost and follow lights on the shore instead of heading towards the sea．可知小鸟和小乌龟死忘或者迷路是因为人类创造的光误导了它们，使它们找不到正确的方向，故选D．
58．B  主旨大意题，通读全文可知本文主要向我们介绍了光污染导致的危害，让我们关注光污染，避免使用不必要的照明，减少光污染，故选B．

点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

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10．Almost a decade after the hit Finding Nemo made clownfish seem totally warm and lovable，environmentalists are now looking for a real-life sequel：Saving Nemo．
    In the United States，a request has been made to extend the protections of the Endangered Species Act to marine species including the clownfish．
But before you start shedding tears for Nemo and his buddies，keep in mind that this request is not based on any evidence of a decline in the clownfish population．Instead，what has sparked concern is the worsening health of coral reefs，which more than one million aquatic species including the clownfish depend on to thrive，even survive．
    In ways it makes more sense to move to protect a species when its habitat declines rather than its actual population．The most important mission of the Endangered Species Act is the protection of species'habitats； without their habitats，there's almost no hope of saving endangered animals，except perhaps in a zoo．
　  Earlier this year，alarming news came about the world's largest coral reef system，Australia's Great Barrier Reef （GBR，大堡礁）．A study has shown the Reef is in sharp decline，with half of its coral cover gone in the past 27 years．
　   Katharina Fabricius，an Australian coral reef ecologist co-authoring the study，has been diving and working on the GBR since 1988-and has watched the decline．"There are still a lot of fish…but not the same color and diversity as in the past，"she said．
　  The study team used information from more than 2，000 surveys to determine the rate of decline between 1985 and 2012．That overall 50-percent decline，they estimate，is a yearly loss of about 3.4 percent of the Reef．If the trend continued，the coral cover could halve again by 2022．
　  Several main factors are responsible for the decline，the study found．Intense tropical cyclones （热带气旋），believed to be fueled by global warming，have caused massive damage to reefs in the central and southern parts of the Reef．Meanwhile，population explosions of the coral-consuming crown-of-thorns starfish （长棘海星） have affected coral populations along the length of the Reef．Two severe coral bleaching （变白） events，caused by ocean warming，have also had major damaging impacts in northern and central parts of the GBR．
72．A request has been made in the United States to save the clownfish becauseB．
A．it is a totally warm and lovable species        
B．the health of its habitat is worsening
C．its population has dropped sharply          
D．few clownfish can be found in zoos
72．What does the underlined word"thrive"in Paragraph 3 probably mean？C
A．To feed oneself
B．To keep oneself safe．
C．To grow and develop well
D．To attract attention．
74．According to the article，what is the AUTHOR'S attitude toward the request in the U．S．？A
A．He/she supports it．
B．He/she finds it ridiculous．
C．He/she thinks it is reasonable but needs revising．
D．There's no WAY to tell．
75．According to the article，all of the following factors contribute to the decline of Great Barrier Reef's coral cover exceptA．
A．the growing popularity of scuba （水肺）diving around the Reef
B．stronger tropical cyclones fueled by global warming
C．the rapidly growing population of type of coral-eating starfish
D．coral bleaching caused by rising temperature of the ocean water．
15．Our modern life is changing our eating habits．We are spending too much time in front of TV or computers and（61）becoming（become）"couch potatoes"or"mouse potatoes"．We also eat too much junk food and we don't get enough exercise．The foods we find in the supermarket are sometimes no  （62）benifinical（benefit） to us，and it is difficult to know exactly（63）whatwe are eating when we buy ready-made or pre-prepared dishes．Considering this situation，it is becoming（64）more（much） important than ever （65）to make（make） sure that we keep a healthy diet．
    A healthy diet gives us the calories we need and don't contain too much fat．The number of calo-ries we need（66）changes（change） depending on what kind of body we have （are we short，tall，heavy etc．）
and how active we are．Quality food，or healthy food，gives us calories in the best way．Junk food，（67）onthe other hand，gives us few calories and lots of fat and sugar．If we eat too much fat and sugar，we will put on（68）weight（weigh） easily．in order to live（69）ahappy and long life，we should keep a（70）balanced（balance）diet．
5．假如你叫李华，在"母亲节"前，你班举行了一次"学会感恩"的主题班会．现在请你以感恩父母为话题，结合以下要点，以书信的形式把你想说的话写给父母．
内容提示：1．感谢父母的养育之恩．
2．回忆父母的艰辛．
3．请父母放心…
注    意：1．短文词数不少于100；
2．开头和结尾已写好，不计入总次数；
3．可根据情况增减细节，详略得当．
Dear Mum and Dad，
How I love you!
_______________________________________
Your daughter/son
LiHua．
12．Scientists have discovered thirteen kinds of vitamins．They say vitamins help to carry out chemical changes within cells．If we do not get enough of the vitamins we need in our food，we are at risk of developing a number of diseases．Which foods should be eaten to keep us healthy？Let us look at some important vitamins．
Vitamin A helps prevent skin and other tissues from becoming dry．People who do not get enough vitamin A cannot see well in darkness．Vitamin A is found in fish liver oil and the yellow part of eggs．
Vitamin B-1is also called thiamine．Thiamine changes starchy（含淀粉的）foods into energy．Thiamine is found not just in whole grains like brown rice，but also in beans and peas，nuts，and meat and fish．
Vitamin B-12is needed so folic acid can do its work．Together，they help produce red blood cells．Folic acid has been shown to prevent physical problems in babies when taken by their mothers during pregnancy．Vitamin B-12is found naturally in foods like eggs，meat，fish and milk products．Vitamin B-12is found in green leafy vegetables and other foods，like legumes and citrus fruits （柑橘类水果）．
Vitamin C is needed for strong bones and teeth．The body stores little vitamin C．So we must get it every day in foods such as citrus fruits，tomatoes and uncooked cabbage．
Vitamin D prevents the children's bone disease rickets （佝偻病）．Ultraviolet light from the sun changes a substance in the skin into vitamin D．Fish liver oil also contains vitamin D．
Vitamin K is needed for healthy blood．It thickens the blood around a cut to stop bleeding．It can also be found in pork products，liver and in vegetables like cabbage，kale and spinach （菠菜）．
Vitamins are important to our health．A lack of required vitamins can lead to health problems．

28．What is the main idea of the passage？D
A．There are thirteen kinds of vitamins in total．
B．One can not live without enough vitamins．
C．Vitamins can carry out chemical changes within cells．
D．Enough vitamins are vital to keep healthy．
29．Women who wish to become mothers should take inC．
A．vitamin A      
B．vitamin B-1      
C．vitamin B-12      
D．vitamin C
30．What can change a substance in the skin into vitamin D？B
A．Fish liver oil．
B．Ultraviolet light from the sun．
C．Fresh milk drunk by people．
D．Doing a certain amount of exercise．
31．According to the passage，taking in enough vitamin C canC．
A．make our eyesight better             
B．help to stop bleeding
C．make our bones and teeth strong       
D．help produce red blood cells．
2．In English，if new words continue to be used for at least five years they generally______ the Oxford English Dictionary．（　　）
A．come up withB．make up forC．look up toD．end up in
9．Cynthia is not ashamed of what she does，even if she _______ doing something wrong．（　　）
A．keeps upB．puts upC．stays upD．ends up
6．How wonderful Huang Bo performed at the 2014 Spring Festival Gala!
-Yes．It_______ my memories  of  his films．（　　）
A．called onB．called inC．called offD．called  up
16．Most American students go to traditional public schools．There are about 88，000 public schools all over the US．Some students attend about 3000 independent public schools called charter schools．
Charter schools are self-governing．Private companies operate some charter schools．They are similar in some ways to traditional public schools．They receive tax money just as other public schools do．Charter schools must prove to local or state governments that their students are learning．These governments provide the schools with the agreement called a charter that permits them to operate．
Charter schools are different because they do not have to obey most laws governing traditional public schools．Local state，or federal governments cannot tell them what to teach．Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to reach them．Class size is usually smaller than in traditional public schools．
The Bush Administration strongly supports charter schools as a way to re-organize public schools that are failing to educate students．But some education agencies and unions oppose charter schools．One teachers'union has just made public the results of the first national study comparing the progress of students in traditional schools and charter schools．
The American Federation of Teachers criticized the government's delay in releasing the results of the study，which is called the National Assessment of Educational Progress．Union education experts say the study shows that charter school students performed worse on math and reading tests than students in regular public schools．
Some experts say the study is not a fair look at charter schools because students in those schools have more problems than students in traditional schools．Other education experts say the study results should make charter school officials demand improved student progress．

51．If a private company wants to operate a charter school，it mustC．
A．try new methods of teaching
B．prove its management ability
C．get the government's permission
D．obey the local and state laws
52．Charter schools are independent becauseB．
A．they make greater progress
B．they enjoy more freedom
C．their class size is smaller
D．they oppose traditional ways
53．What's the government's attitude toward charter schools？D
A．Doubtful．
B．Optimistic．  
C．Subjective．  
D．Supportive．
54．What can we learn from the text？A
A．People have different opinions about charter schools．
B．Charter schools are better than traditional schools．
C．Students in charter schools are well educated．
D．More students choose to attend charter schools．
55．It can be interred from the text thatD．
A．charter schools are all privately financed
B．one-on-one attention should be paid to students
C．the number of charter schools will be limited
D．charter schools are part of the public education system．

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