题目内容

Researchers found that walking around with a forced smile and fake (假的) happiness simply leads to people feeling unhappier. So, putting a brave face on your sadness could be harmful. The research also found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy.
Dr. Brent Scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with the public can result in bad outcomes. He said, “Smiling for the sake of smiling can lead to emotional tiredness, and that’s bad for the organization.” He also said the research showed customer-service workers who had “fake smiles” throughout the day fell into a bad mood and didn’t want to work, so their productivity dropped.
The study is one of the first of its kind to examine emotional expressions over a period of time and compare the different effects on men and women. Dr. Scott’s team examined the effects of “surface acting”, or fake smiling, compared to “deep acting”, or making people smile by thinking of peasant memories.
Dr. Scott said, “Women were harmed more by surface acting, meaning their moods worsened even more than men’s. However, they were helped more by deep acting, which means their moods improved more by thinking of pleasant memories. ”
According to Dr. Scott, women tend to suffer more when pretending to be happy because they are expected to be more emotionally expressive than men. Therefore, forcing a smile while feeling down is more likely to go against their normal behavior and cause more harmful feelings.
Although deep acting can improve moods a little in the short term, Dr. Scott says, it’s not a long-term solution to feeling unhappy. “There have been some suggestions that if you do this over a long period you start to feel unreal. You’re trying to develop positive emotions, but at the end of the day you may not feel like yourself any more.”
小题1:According to the passage, Dr. Scott’s study ______.
A．is supported by some big employers in the USA
B．is meaningful as there haven’t been many similar ones
C．examined more women than men for a long time
D．aimed to make the employees more productive
小题2:Women suffer more from fake happiness mainly because ______.
A．they usually turn up shy in public places
B．they should be more emotionally expressive
C．they are often treated in a terrible way
D．they like thinking of pleasant memories
小题3:It is implied in the passage that deep acting _____.
A．doesn’t have any effect on men
B．cannot improve our moods in any case
C．harms our feelings in the long run
D．pleases people by feeling like another person
小题4:What is the best title for the passage?
A．Fake smiling makes people unhappy.
B．Women shouldn’t be forced to smile.
C．An important suggestion for workers.
D．Why people don’t want to work.

小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:C
文章讲述的是一项研究表明，不是真心的笑会影响工人的工作效率，因此给工人提供了一些建议。
小题1:推理判断题，根据第二段的 throughout the day fell into a bad mood and didn’t want to work, so their productivity dropped可知，该研究的最终目的是提高工人的生产效率。
小题2:推理判断题，根据倒数第二段的 women tend to suffer more when pretending to be happy because they are expected to be more emotionally expressive than men可知
小题3:推理判断题，根据文章最后一段可知，deep acting短期是好的，但是从长期角度看还是有害的。
小题4:主旨大意题，文章讲述的是提高工人工作效率的一些心情方面的建议。
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There at a secondhand clothing store in Northampton Mass, my l4-year-old son, John, and I noticed the coat. While the other coats drooped (低垂), this one looked as if it were   41  itself up. The coat was beautifully made, with a Fifth Avenue label and an  42   price of $28, which was popular just then with   43  , but could cost several hundred dollars new. John tried it on and the  44   was perfect.
John  45   the coat to school the next day and came home with a big smile. “Did the kids like your coat?” I asked. “They loved it,” he said,   46   folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat. Over the next few weeks, a   47  came over John. Agreement replaced contrariness (作对) and   48   discussion replaced fierce argument. He became more mannerly and  49  , eager to please. He would generously lend his younger brother his tapes and lecture him   50   his behavior. When I mentioned this   51  to his teacher and wondered what caused the changes, she said laughing. “It   52   be his coat!” Another teacher told him she was giving him a good mark not only because he had earned   53   but because she liked his coat. At the library, we ran   54  a friend. “Could this be John?” he asked surprisingly,   55  John’s new height, appreciating the cut of his coat and holding out his hand, one gentleman to another.
John and I both know we should never   56   a person’s clothes for the real person within them.   57  , there is something to be said for wearing a standard of excellence for the world to see and for   58  what is on the inside with what is on the outside.
For John, it is a time when it is as easy to try on different  59  to life as it is to try on a coat. The whole world, the whole future is stretched out ahead, a vast landscape   60  all the doors are open. And he could picture himself walking through those doors wearing his wonderful, magical coat.
小题1:
A．turningB．holdingC．showingD．hanging
小题2:
A．unreasonableB．unbearableC．unbelievableD．unfair
小题3:
A．teenagersB．adultsC．womenD．men
小题4:
A．colorB．priceC．styleD．fit
小题5:
A．sentB．carriedC．broughtD．wore
小题6:
A．casuallyB．comfortablyC．carefullyD．quickly
小题7:
A．happinessB．changeC．smileD．matter
小题8:
A．reasonedB．heatedC．wildD．strong
小题9:
A．considerateB．handsomeC．hopefulD．curious
小题10:
A．of B．onC．inD．at
小题11:
A．incidentB．accidentC．affair D．event
小题12:
A．canB．mustC．willD．should
小题13:
A．thisB．themC．itD．one
小题14:
A．downB．withC．intoD．after
小题15:
A．looking up at B．looking down on
C．putting up withD．coming up with
小题16:
A．changeB．mistakeC．tradeD．turn
小题17:
A．HoweverB．MoreoverC．ThereforeD．Besides
小题18:
A．attachingB．joiningC．relatingD．matching
小题19:
A．meanB．methodsC．approachesD．measures
小题20:
A．whereB．whyC．howD．when
Have you ever wished that you could make your little sister’s teddy bear talk to her? Or have you ever wanted to bring a puppet (木偶) to life? If so, you may be interested in learning the art of ventriloquism (腹语术). A ventriloquist can make an ordinary object seem to be alive by giving it a personality, movement, and speech.
Your object can be a puppet, or a doll. Give your new “friend” a name, and then decide on the personality that he will have. The next step is to give your friend movements that agree with the personality you have chosen.
Now you can learn to make your “friend” talk. A ventriloquist will control his mouth and lips so that it will appear that his voice is coming from the object he is using. This will take practice, but you can do it.
First, decide on a voice that is different from your own. It could be higher or lower than yours, or could even have a special accent. Then, find a clean teaspoon and hold the handle between your front teeth. Now, using the voice you created for your friend and holding the handle of the teaspoon tightly between your teeth, look into a mirror and talk. Practicing with the spoon in your mouth will help you learn to keep your mouth from moving. Now try telling a joke in your normal voice and have your friend speak in his voice. Practice those words until you can say them without your lips moving at all.
Ventriloquism is fun. It also requires hard work to become good at it. The most important thing to do is practice. But if you are willing to take the time to give your friend an interesting personality, to practice lively movements, and to work on good mouth control, then you will be well on your way to becoming a ventriloquist!
小题1:According to the text, a ventriloquist           .
A．is a person who can make puppets
B．needs to work with another person
C．can speak without using his mouth
D．can make an object seem to speak
小题2:You need to hold the handle of a teaspoon between your front teeth so that           .
A．your voice will change
B．your mouth won’t move
C．you can look humorous
D．you can feel your mouth’s movements
小题3:If you want to be good at ventriloquism, you         .
A．need to spend much time practicing
B．must learn from famous ventriloquists
C．should learn at least one special accent
D．must have a great doll to practice with
小题4:What would be the best title for the text?
A．How to tell jokes
B．How to make puppets
C．Secrets of ventriloquism
D．Tips on making friends
A winter wonderland on the outskirts of Quebec City has become one of Canada's hottest attractions and most sought out accommodations. Guests stay close for warmth in sleeping bags on beds of ice, hats pulled over their ears to prevent frostbite, while sipping cocktails (鸡尾酒) in glasses also made of ice.
A cool place to host a memorable wedding or for a romantic getaway, the Quebec Ice Hotel has attracted 600,000 curious tourists, including 30,000 who stayed overnight, since opening seasonally 11 years ago. Like Victoria and Jeremy Martin, dozens of couples will exchange vows (誓约) this winter in a temporary church next to the hotel, made entirely from blocks of ice with seats covered in furs.
Average temperatures fall below minus 20 degrees C (minus four F) in winter, but inside the hotel's 36 rooms it is relatively comfortable. Thick walls of packed snow and ice act as an insulator, trapping body heat inside. Each room is uniquely decorated, using designs created by Quebec architecture students. Two hotel bars also sell special cocktails in ice glasses.
First-time guests of the hotel, however, are recommended to stay only one night as sleeping in sub-zero temperatures is not very refreshing. This year for the first time the ice hotel has teamed up with a brick and concrete Quebec City hotel to offer packages(全套服务) for one-night accommodations at each. Prices for one night only at the ice hotel start at 200 US dollars per person.
The 3,000-square-metre (32,300-square-feet) buildings take six weeks starting in December to build, using 15,000 tons of snow and 500 tons of ice, at a cost of some 750,000 US dollars. Eleven weeks after its seasonal grand opening, the hotel will close on March 27 and then melt away with the arrival of spring.
小题1:What is true with the ice hotel?
A．630,000 people have visited it.
B．Its rooms all look alike.
C．It stays open for two months each year.
D．Wedding ceremonies are often held there.
小题2:The underlined word “insulator” in Paragraph 3 possibly refers to something that ______.
A．stops heat passing through it
B．collects and reflects light and heat
C．makes things become very cold
D．works like an air-conditioner
小题3:First-time guests are advised to stay there only one night because _______.
A．they may not be able to stand the cold
B．their other night is with an ordinary hotel
C．new guests have no advantages over old ones
D．they may find the beds made of ice too hard to sleep on.
Expressions about water are almost as common as water itself.
The expression to be in hot water is a very old expression. Hot water was used five hundred years ago to mean being in trouble. One story says it got that meaning from the custom of throwing extremely hot water down on enemies attacking a castle.
That no longer happens. But we still get in hot water. When we are in hot water, we are in trouble. It can be any kind of trouble—serious or not so serious. A person who breaks a law can be in hot water with the police. A young boy can be in hot water with his mother, if he walks in the house with dirty shoes.
Beingin deep water is almost the same as being in hot water. When you are in deep water, you are in a difficult position.
To keep your head above water is a colorful expression that means staying out of debt. A company seeks to keep its head above water during economic hard times. A man who loses his job tries to keep his head above water until he finds a new job.
Water over the dam is another expression about a past event. It is something that is finished. It cannot be changed. The expression comes from the idea that water that has flowed over a dam cannot be brought back again.
Another common expression to hold water, is about the strength or weakness of an idea or opinion that you may be arguing about. It probably comes from a way of testing the condition of a container.; If it can hold water, it is strong and has no holes in it. If your argument can hold water, it is strong and does not have any holes.
Throwing cold water also is an expression that deals with ideas or suggestions. It means to not like an idea. For example, you want to buy a new car because the old one has some problems. But your wife throws cold water on the idea, because she says a new car costs too much.
小题1:If Robert says he is in deep water, we may guess_________.
A．he is swimming under the water
B．he is tired of changing shoes
C．he nearly breaks a law
D．he faces a difficult choice
小题2:What can you say to your friend Jane, who is troubled by a mistake she has made?
A．Keep your head above water.
B．Throw cold water.
C．It is water over the dam.
D．It can hold water.
小题3:If your argument doesn’t hold water, then it is _________.
A．weakB．convincingC．logicalD．disappointing
小题4:The passage explains the origins of the following expressions EXCEPT_________.
A．to be in hot water
B．to keep your head above water
C．water over the dam
D．to hold water
Imagine this situation. You pass a group of people. The people are talking to each other. You cannot hear what they are saying. But suddenly they start laughing. What would you think? Would you think they were laughing at something funny that one of them said? Or -- be honest with yourself -- would you think they were laughing at you? Yes, you.
Being laughed at is a common fear. But a major study published in two thousand and nine found that this fear is not the same around the world. It differs from culture to culture.
People in Finland were the least likely to believe that people laughing in their presence were making fun of them. Less than ten percent of Finns in the study said they would think that, compared to eighty percent of people in Thailand.
Some people in the study said they felt unsure of themselves in social situations but hid their feelings of insecurity. Others said they avoided social situations where they had been laughed at before.
The study found that people in Turkmenistan and Cambodia were more likely to be in the first group. They would hide their feelings of insecurity if they were around other people's laughter. But people in Iraq, Egypt and Jordan were more likely to try to avoid such situations if they felt they had been laughed at before.
Shy people often avoid situations that would force them into close contact with other people. They worry that something they say or do will make other people laugh at them. But some people worry much more than others. They may have a disorder called gelotophobia. Gelos is a Greek word. It means laughter. Phobia means fear. This fear of laughter can be truly sad for those who live with it. It can affect how they lead their lives.
In the study, a team from the University of Zurich led more than ninety researchers from around the world. They wanted to understand the difference between normal shyness and true gelotophobia. Another purpose of the study was to compare the levels of fear of being laughed at in different cultures. The researchers surveyed more than twenty-two thousand people in forty-two different languages. The findings appeared in the scientific journal Humor.
小题1:People in Finland don’t believe other people are making fun of them if _________________.
A．they suddenly start to laugh.
B．they keep on laughing
C．they laugh in their presence
D．they stop laughing suddenly.
小题2:What’s FALSE of the study led by a team from the University of Zurich?
A．They wanted to study the difference between normal shyness and true gelotophobia.
B．They wanted to compare the levels of fear of being laughed at in different cultures.
C．They did such a survey in order to prevent people from being laughed at in public.
D．They surveyed more than 22 thousand people coming from different cultures.
小题3:The passage is likely to occur in _______________.
A．an advertisementB．a science magazine
C．a science fictionD．a storybook
小题4:According to the passage, people who suffer from gelotophobia ______________________.
A．care more about being laughed at by others
B．shouldn’t hide their feelings of insecurity
C．should avoid having close contact with other people
D．will lead a happy life so long as they care
Do you know soon eleven biggest food and drink companies of the nations will adopt new rules to limit advertising to children under the age of 12, a move that restricts ads for products such as McDonald’s Happy Meals and the use of popular cartoon characters.
The companies announced their new rules ahead of a Federal Trade Commission hearing on Wednesday that steps up pressure on the companies to help solve the growing child obesity problem through more responsible marketing. The self-given rules include promises by seven companies who will no longer use licensed characters, such as those made popular through movies or TV shows, to advertise online or in print media unless they’re promoting their healthier products. Four other companies said they do not advertise at all to children under 12.
“I think this is a very good step forward. It’s not the end of the journey but it’s a good way down the road,” said Margo Wootan, Nutrition Policy Director at the nonprofit Center for Science in the Public Interest.
Since the FTC first publicly raised the issue in 2005, many of the companies have started selling products with better nutrition in mind. The companies hope their self-regulation efforts — organized through the Council of Better Business Bureaus — will fend off any new and more strict federal regulation.
Parents are happy to see new rules that restrict the use of cartoon characters such as Shrek, Dora the Explorer and SpongeBob SquarePants. “It catches their eyes when you’re shopping,” said Josephine Thomas, a mother of three boys who lives in Manhattan. “As soon as they see a Shrek or Mickey Mouse, they automatically look at that and they don’t see what they really need. That’s one of the biggest problems when you go shopping.” That’s one reason the food companies have said they will now only use licensed characters to advertise their “better for you” products.
小题1:The reason why the food and drink companies will take action is that they want to___________
A．promote sales across the country
B．limit advertising to children under the age of 12
C．meet increasing demands from kids
D．adapt to the new federal regulations
小题2:What can we learn from the text that the seven companies ____.
A．may still use cartoon characters in advertising
B．are going to stop advertising to children under 12
C．Would like to continue the cooperation with entertainment media
D．will make food and drink specially for fat kids
小题3:What of the following can best describe the underlined words “fend off”?
A．prevent ... from happeningB．draw up or work out
C．pay attention toD．give a warm welcome to
小题4:What does Josephine Thomas advise in the last paragraph?
A．kids spend too much on unhealthy food
B．parents are strict about their kids’ food choice
C．“better for you” products are popular with kids
D．ads with cartoon characters mislead kids
One of my wonderful memories is about a Christmas gift . Unlike other gifts, it came without wrap(包装).
On September 11th ，1958，Mum gave birth to Richard. After she brought him home from hospital, she put him in my lap, saying, “I promised you a gift , and here it is.” What an honor！I turned four a month earlier and none of my friends had such a baby doll of their own. I played with it day and night. I sang to it. I told it stories .I told it over and over how much I loved it!
One morning, however, I found its bed empty. My doll was gone! I cried for it. Mum wept and told me that the poor little thing bad been sent to a hospital. It had a fever. For several days I Heard Mum and Dad whispering such words as “hopeless”, “pitiful”, and “dying”, which sounded ominous.
Christmas was coming. “Don’t expect any presents this year,” Dad said, pointing at the socks I hung in the living room. “If your baby brother lives, that’ll be Christmas enough.” As he spoke, his eyes filled with tears. I’d never seen him cry before .
The phone rang early on Christmas morning. Dad jumped out of bed to answer it. From my bedroom I heard him say, “What? He’s all right?” He hung up and shouted upstairs. “The hospital said we can bring Richard home !”
“Thank God !” I heard Mum cry .
From the upstairs window, I watched my parents rush out to the car. I had never seen them so happy. And I was also full of joy. What a wonderful day! My baby doll would be home. I ran downstairs. My socks still hung there flat. But I knew they were not empty; they were filled with love!
小题1:what happened to the author on September 11th , 1958?
A．He got a baby brother.B．He got a Christmas gift
C．He became four years old.D．He received a doll.
小题2:What does the underlined word “ominous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A．Impossible.B．BoringC．DifficultD．Fearful
小题3:Which word can best describe the feeling of the father when Christmas was coming?
A．Excitement.B．Happiness.C．Sadness.D．Disappointment.
小题4:What is the passage mainly about ?
A．A sad Christmas dayB．Life with a lovely baby
C．A special Christmas gift.D．Memories of a happy family

More American people take their troubles with them on holiday, according to a new survey. Although 40 percent said that the main reason for going away is to escape pressure from work, almost all said they worry more than they do at home. Only four in every 100 said that they are happy and free of care.
The most common worry is burglary(入室盗窃), with four out of 10 worrying about their homes being broken into while they’re abroad. More than a quarter fear they will feel crazy with some other noisy and rough holiday-makers and 22 percent worry they may be attacked or their possessions will be missing. One in five think the car may break down, and the same number worry about the chances of bad weather.
The survey also showed that the stay-at-home Americans are no more. Three out of every five want to have a holiday abroad, a great increase from the figures only three years ago. The hotel holiday is still a winner, with about one third of all Americans preferring to go on a self-catering(自助) holiday.
小题1:The underlined word “survey” in the first paragraph most probably means _______.
A．researchB．reviewC．exhibitionD．examination
小题2:according to the text, about _____ of people worry more on holiday than when they are at home.
A．25%B．40%C．80%D．95%
小题3:The third most common worry of American holiday-makers is that they may______.
A．be attacked or lose their possessions
B．have problems with their cars on the road
C．have bad weather on holiday
D．get mixed with some rough fellow holiday-makers
小题4:Where do American holiday-makers like to stay most?
A．At a hotel. B．In a quiet place.
C．At a friend’s house. D．Where they can cook for themselves.

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