题目内容

16．When we give our kids holiday gifts，many of us can't wait to hea r their appreciative cries of"thank you!"once the wrapping gets ripped off．But here's a tip：You'd be wise not to expect much gratitude from them for what they receive．
Gratitude can make us happier，healthier，and even fitter．But do the kids show their gratitude for the stuff we buy them？All the research I've done has convinced me that it won't happen．One mom told me that when she asked her 16-year-old son to thank her for buying him a cellphone，he said，"But that's what moms should do．"From a teenager's angle，it's a parent's responsibility to take care of the family．According to Dunham，Yale's assistant professor of psychology，"When teenagers code it that way，a gift is no longer something given freely and voluntarily"-it's just mom and dad living up to their obligation．
Parents do have the right to demand good manners and children should thank sincerely whoever gives them something．But kids can't know how blessed they are unless they have a basis for comparison．And they don't learn that by a parent complaining that they're ungrateful．We need to give our children the gift of a wider world view．Show by example that gratitude isn't about stuff-which ultimately can't make any of us happy anyway．It's about realizing how lucky you are and paying your good fortune forward．
You can collect all the charitable appeals and sit down together with the kids to go through them．You set the budget for giving and the kids decide how it's distributed．Once the conversation about gratitude gets started，it's much easier to continue all year．Also you can set up a family routine at bedtime where kids describe three things that have made them grateful．When kids go off to college，you can text them a picture each week of something that inspires your appreciation．
Teaching children to focus on the positive and appreciate the good in their lives is perhaps the greatest gift we can give them．And we can all learn together that the things that really matter aren't on sale at a department store．
22．How do children respond when receiving gifts from their parents？D
A．They show no interest in their parents'gifts．
B．They can't wait to open their parents'gifts．
C．They show much gratitude to their parents for the gifts．
D．They take their parents'gifts for granted（认为…理所当然）．
23．To make children grateful for what they have，parents shouldC．
A．live up to their obligation
B．ask their children to have good manners
C．teach their children by setting an example    
D．complain their children are ungrateful
24．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？A
A．No gifts are greater than teaching children to be positive and grateful．
B．Children ought to realize how lucky they are to have considerate parents．
C．Children are supposed to decide how to distribute their own money
D．It is easy for parents to start the conversation about gratitude．
25．What's the purpose of the author writing this text？B
A．To explain the reason why children offer no gratitude to their parents．
B．To give advice to parents on how to help children develop gratitude．
C．To encourage parents to do things together with their children．
D．To remind parents of their responsibility to educate their children．

分析 本文属于议论文阅读，告诉我们现代社会中很多孩子对于自己得到的事物没有一点感恩之心，作者对于这种现象给出建议，同时告诉我们教给孩子关注生活中积极的事情并感恩生活中那些美好的事物是父母亲给孩子最好的礼物．

解答 22．D，推理判断题，根据句子From a teenager's angle，it's a parent's responsibility to take care of the family．可知从年轻人的角度出发，照顾家人是父母亲的责任，也就是说他们把父母亲给他们礼物当成是理所当然的事情，故答案为D．
23．C，细节理解题，根据句子Show by example that gratitude isn't about stuff-which ultimately can't make any of us happy anyway，作者建议父母亲通过给出例子向孩子证明感激不是金钱可以换来的，因为金钱是不能让我们开心的．也就是建议我们通过举例的方式，故答案为C．
24．A，推理判断题，根据句子Teaching children to focus on the positive and appreciate the good in their lives is perhaps the greatest gift we can give them．可知，教给孩子关注生活中积极的事情并感恩生活中那些美好的事物是父母亲给孩子最好的礼物，故答案为A．
25．B，主旨大意题，短文主要告诉我们现代社会中很多孩子对于自己得到的事物没有一点感恩之心，作者在三四段对于这种现象给出一些建议，同时也告诉我们教给孩子关注生活中积极的事情并感恩生活中那些美好的事物是父母亲给孩子最好的礼物，故答案为B．

点评 解答任务型阅读理解题，首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料．其次，细读题材，各个击破．掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息．最后，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性．对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准．

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67．According to the passage，cognitive training is likely toC．
A．uncover the secrets of human minds
B．make one's brain stronger through practice
C．bring much profit to the training companies
D．earn a good reputation for the training company
68．To find out the effect of working memory training，the authorC．
A．made some scientific studies
B．compared different test groups
C．reviewed the previous research
D．got some children involved in the experiment
69．Children taking part in the experiments were able toC．
A．adapt to new situations quickly
B．gain greater academic achievements
C．do better in the field that they are trained in
D．succeed when they deal with real life problems
70．What is the author's attitude toward the cognitive training？B
A．Uninterested．B．Objective．C．Disapproving．D．Optimistic．
15．-I prefer shutting myself in and surfing the Internet all day on Sundays．
-That's        I don't agree．You should have a more active life．（　　）
A．whyB．whereC．howD．when
4．The UK government has begun a campaign to help people with disabilities get into the workplace．The campaign includes a plan to offer disabled young people new internships（实习）and training to help them find jobs．Ministers want firms to change their employment policies after government research showed that employers'attitudes were a barrier to disabled people．
An advertising campaign for the initiative（倡议）was announced to the public in London on Thursday at a disability employment conference．The campaign will ask employers to recognize the talents that disabled people can offer，and"challenge some of the prejudices．"
Prime Minister David Cameron said，"This isn't just about doing what is right for disabled people．Employing disabled people makes business sense，too．We need to deal with the complexities of employing disabled people，or put it more simply，to give employers more confidence．"
As part of the new initiative，a government-funded scheme will be available to 16-to 24-year-olds who have complex learning difficulties and disabilities．Youngsters who sign up for an internship，which will be run by further education colleges，will get help from expert career coaches and work for at least six months．Under these"traineeships"，young people will get assistance in writing a CV，interview practice，work placements of up to five months and training in English and maths．Employers will also be given help from the same coaches and encouraged to take on disabled young people．
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Last year，the government announced that 27 Remploy factories，which provide employment opportunities for disabled people，were to close．The closures followed advice by an independent review into the way the government spent its disability employment budget．It suggested that the government should use the budget to support individuals，rather than factory businesses．
26．According to government research，what has been making it difficult for disabled people to get jobs？C
A．Lack of training．
B．Their disabilities．
C．Employers'attitudes．
D．Lack of government support．
27．Prime Minister David Cameron thought the campaignC．
A．is not to do what is right for disabled people
B．will encourage employers without confidence
C．is important for disabled people as well as businesses
D．will help businesses have more employment budget
28．Who can get help through the internships under the government-funded scheme？A
A．Disabled youngsters who sign up for it．
B．Disabled youngsters in colleges who want to find a job．
C．Disabled youngsters who are poor at English and maths．
D．Disabled youngsters with at least six months'work experience．
29．What can we learn about disabled people in the UK from the last but one paragraph？D
A．There are about seven million disabled people in the UK．
B．There were more disabled people in the UK in 2012 than in 2002．
C．The employment rate for disabled people has greatly increased since 2002．
D．The employment rate for disabled people in 2012 was 4.1% higher than in 2002．
30．From the last paragraph we know that Remploy factoriesB．
A．closed before an independent review into its budget
B．provided employment opportunities for disabled people
C．offered the government a disability employment budget
D．advised the government to support disabled individuals．
11．Heglances（瞥一眼） at the note，puts it aside and goes on with the meeting．
1．Since the new drug was needed for World War Two，the government approval process for penicillin wasaccelerated（加速，加快）．
8．Dear Victor：
I am a college student．Nowadays games on the net are very popular with college students．Some of my roommates are very interested in them．They not only play games in their free time，but also keep talking about them at night when lights are off，and they regard games as part of life．I've begged（乞求） them to give it up，but they wouldn't listen to me．It has become a rather big problem．Should I report it to our teachers or do something else？
Ted，
Dear Ted：
Drop it．Your roommates，as grown-ups，can do whatever they want with their time so long as it doesn't break school rules or violate（防碍） other people's interests．
Playing perhaps gives these students relaxation（放松） from hard study．If they play too often，have little time to study，and they will reap what they have sown，but you will not．Reporting to the teachers would only harm your good name in your dormitory（宿舍）．However you have rights to ask your roommates to be quiet when you need sleep．If they aren't angry with you，they will stop talking．But be polite and friendly．Perhaps，in return，join them in a game or two．
Victor．
28．According to the first letter，many college students enjoyA．
A．playing computer games       
B．searching information on the Internet
C．sending e-mails              
D．buying things online
29．Ted wants his roommates toC．
A．break their computers           
B．sell their computers to teachers
C．stop playing computer games     
D．play games in the day，not at night
30．Victor asks Ted toD．
A．report to the teachers                 
B．harm his good name in the dormitory
C．quarrel with his roommates            
D．learn how to get on well with others
31．In the second letter，the underlined part（划线部分） meansA．
A．自食其果     B．随心所欲地做事    C．回家种庄稼   D．逃避责任．
5．We all have a first and last name，or personal and family name．But for many of us，it doesn't stop there．We also have nicknames，（25）which mostly come from our real name．
Some of them are obvious．Tom is short for Thomas； Sam is short for Samuel．However，there are some nicknames whose origins are more mysterious．
Take the name William （26）as an example．It can be shortened to Will，and also Bill．But how does Bill come from William？During the Middle Ages，people like to change letters to make names easier to pronounce．For example，a hard consonant （辅音） like B is clearer than soft ones like W．Bill sounds much clearer than Will．Interestingly，the people of England even called King William III，（27）who ruled in the 17th century，"King Billy"．
Richard （28）has been（be） a popular name in England for centuries，too．It was commonly shortened to Rich and Rick to save time．Also like the name William，people liked to make rhyming names．So Rick became Dick．This nickname became so popular （29）that it is included in an idiom．"Every Tom，Dick or Harry"means everybody!
The （30）most popular（popular） name for English kings has been Henry．England has had eight king Henrys．Yet most of them （31）preferred（prefer） to be called Harry by the people．It is a tradition still held．British Prince Harry's real name is Henry．I wonder （32）whether/if Harry Potter's real name is Henry？
6．Lisa Pina never thought she would need the fire safety training she received during her apprenticeship（学徒期） as a union painter and dry waller（筑墙工）．On Friday morning，she was thanking God she had it．
On Thursday night，while Pina was babysitting her granddaughter，nephew and two nieces in her sister's apartment，she smelled smoke and realized the apartment building was on fire．When her 4-year-old granddaughter Ilean Garcia began saying，"We're going to die，"she knew she had to act．Pina，39，first sealed the door，and then told all four children to get on the floor．After calling 911，she told the children to start singing and promised them all treats as soon as they reached safety．"I said，‘OK，we're going to lie down and we're all going to play a game，'"Pina said．"We all started singing our ABCs and 123s．I was just trying to make it fun．"Pina patiently waited，and a few minutes later，Riverside County sheriff's deputies （治安官的助手） arrived．Pina，Ilean，8-year-old Gabriel Parga，5-year-old Aubreyana Parga and 4-year-old Meriyah Parga were all trapped on the second floor as flames filled the first story．Pina did the only thing she could．She opened the window and dropped the children，one-by-one，into the arms of the sheriff's deputies about 15to 20feet below．"I just needed to keep the kids calm so they wouldn't be afraid，"Pina said．"I was deathly afraid inside，but I couldn't let them know that．"Not long after dropping the children out of the window，fire-fighters arrived with a ladder and rescued her．Ten people were treated at the scene for suffering smoke，but nobody was seriously injured．

8．What is the passage mainly about？D
A．A big fire without serious injury．
B．An urgent call 911．
C．A brave babysitter．
D．A babysitter rescuing kids from a big fire．
9．What does the underlined word"it"in Paragraph 1 mean？D
A．A union painter．
B．A dry waller．
C．The apprenticeship．
D．The fire safety training．
10．What did Lisa Pina do before she called 911，in order to prevent the fire？D
A．She let children get on the floor．
B．She opened the windows of the second floor．
C．She had children start singing．
D．She closed the door hard．
11．What do we know according to the passage？B
A．The fire didn't cause any injury．
B．Lisa Pina was the last one to be rescued．
C．The children were sent to hospital after the fire．
D．During the fire Lisa Pina wasn't afraid at all．

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