Question

【题目】 "Like a monster, it destroys everything. " That's how one school girl described a tsunami（海啸）.

On Dec. 26, 2004, a magnitude-9. 1 earthquake in Indonesia set off a massive tsunami. It killed more than 230,000 people across four countries and cost an estimated $ 10 billion in damage.

Nov. 5 is World Tsunami Awareness Day and at the United Nations Wednesday, disaster risk reduction was high on the agenda.

"What I can tell you is that the tsunami wave cannot be stopped," said Bulgarians U. N. Ambassador Georgi Velikov Panayotov. He was on vacation in Thailand in 2004 and survived the tsunami. "What we can do is build early warning systems and, of course, educate the population about the damaging power of the tsunami wave," he said.

On March 11, 2011, a magnitude-9 earthquake rocked northeastern Japan triggering a fierce tsunami that also damaged the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant, south of Sendai.

"When the big earthquake hit Japan in 2011, people thought that we were prepared for it," said Japan's U. N. Ambassador Koro Bessho. "It caused severe damage. We had dams； we had drills. However, we had been counting on something that hits every 100 years and the earthquake was of the size of possibly every 500 years or thousand years, he said.

These two events sent the countries of the region into overdrive to review and improve disaster preparedness. In 2015 the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction was born. It aims to help create a better understanding of disaster risk and improve preparedness for an effective response.

Indonesia is made up of thousands of islands which are disaster-prone（易受灾地区）. Willem Rampangilei, head of the Disaster Management Agency of Indonesia, said his government now has plans for every disaster-prone city.

Countries at risk are also expanding their education programs. Children from an early age are taught how to react in case of a tsunami and then go with their classmates to higher ground away from coastal areas to avoid the walls of water the tsunami triggers.

【1】What does Georgi Velikov Panayotov mainly talk about?

A.The general features of a tsunami.B.Ways for humans to face a tsunami.

C.His suffering in the 2004 tsunami.D.The loss caused by the 2004 tsunami.

【2】In Koro Bessho's opinion, why did the 2011 earthquake cause severe damage?

A.It caused a fierce tsunami.B.It destroyed a nuclear plant.

C.The size was beyond expectation.D.There was no effective defense system.

【3】What common belief pushed different countries to take action to face a coming tsunami?

A.Children should be protected by all means.

B.The improvement of preparedness can reduce damage.

C.Proper response in case of a tsunami can save one's life.

D.Stronger measures should be taken in disaster-prone areas.

【4】Which can be the best title of the text?

A.World Tsunami Awareness Day

B.Nations Attacked by Massive Tsunami

C.The Unpredictable and Destructive Disaster

D.Learn from Disasters to Prevent Future Ones

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。海啸频发的国家从灾难中吸取教训，防止未来再次发生海啸。

【1】

推理判断题。根据第四段“What I can tell you is that the tsunami wave cannot be stopped," 和"What we can do is build… of the tsunami wave," he said.可知Georgi Velikov Panayotov说“我能告诉你们的是，海啸的浪潮是无法阻止的。2004年，他在泰国度假，并在海啸中幸存下来。他说:“我们能做的是建立早期预警系统，当然，教育人们海啸的破坏力。”也就是说他主要在谈论人类面对海啸的方法，故选B项。

【2】

推理判断题。根据第六段中的“When the big earthquake hit Japan in 2011, people thought that we were prepared for it,…However, we had been counting on something that hits every 100 years and the earthquake was of the size of possibly every 500 years or thousand years, he said.”可知Koro Bessho说他们已经为地震做好了准备，但是他们一直以为这次的地震是100年一次的地震，结果这次地震的规模可能是500年或1000年一次。也就说他认为地震的规模超过了他们的预期，导致他们准备不足从而遭受了严重的损失。故选C项。

【3】

推理判断题。根据第七段中的“These two events sent the countries of the region into overdrive to review and improve disaster preparedness. …It aims to help create a better understanding of disaster risk and improve preparedness for an effective response.”可知这两起事件促使该地区各国加紧审查和改进防灾准备工作。2015年，仙台减少灾害风险框架诞生。它的目的是帮助人们更好地了解灾害风险，并改进对有效应对的准备工作。根据第八段“said his government now has plans for every disaster-prone city.”可知印度政府现在已经为每个灾害易发城市制定了计划。印度和日本都吸取教训加强了防灾准备工作来应对海啸，由此判断这些国家都认为改进准备工作可以减少损失。故选B项。

【4】

主旨大意题。文章首先用印度的一场海啸以及引用保加利亚以及日本国家大使在联合国会议的发言来表明海啸的危害以及人们从中吸取的教训。接着作者以日本仙台和印度为例说明海啸频发地区各国从灾难中学习，加紧审查和改进防灾准备工作，并提到面临海啸风险的国家也在扩大其教育项目。D项（人们从灾难中学习来预防未来的灾难）最能概括本文，是最适合的标题。故选D项。