题目内容

Five years after a donor's bone marrow (骨髓)saved a pair of twin girls’ lives, the girls , Elizabeth and Kathryn ,from Minnesota got the chance to thank the man face to face.

The girls’ mother, Michele, said, “To think that somebody who didn’t know your children was selfless enough to give bone marrow to save them is amazing. They gave him giant hugs and danced the night away with him like they had known him before.”

The meeting came together thanks to Be the Match, a community of donors, volunteers, health care professionals and researchers.

The girl were born with a rare disorder that left them without any blood platelets(血小板).The bone marrow transplant was needed to change their DNA to avoid their organs shutting down.

Michele, her husband, and their son, tested negative when it came to being a match for the girls. They were put on the Be the Match list, which finally found Gruda.

“I become breathless,'' Michele said about finding a match. " because there are still so many things that could go wrong even though you have a donor."

Due to the uncertain result, the girls had to have their transplants done separately. Elizabeth’s was in 2011, and Kathryn’s was in 2012. The two girls also had to undergo chemotherapy(化疗).

The family was finally able to express their gratitude in person after Be the Match flew Gruda to Minnesota from Germany.

Gruda, who has three children of his own, tried to donate to a local girl in his town nearly 30 years ago but was not a match. Five years ago, he received a phone call that he was a match for the sisters and didn't hesitate to donate. His bone marrow was flown from Germany to use in the transplant.” “My three children rejoiced(高兴) that I came through as the best donor for the girls,'' he told Be the Match.

Both sisters are now completely healthy and 100 percent cured.

1.Why did Michele say “I become breathless” when I they found a match?

A. They hadn’t found a match till then.

B. They still feared something bad would happen.

C. All of their family members failed to pass the test.

D. The good news made them very excited.

2.Why did the girls have their transplants done separately?

A. Kathryn was then receiving chemotherapy.

B. Not all the bone marrow had arrived.

C. Because of the uncertain result.

D. The doctors were too busy to do two operations.

3.What do you know about Gruda?

A. He is always ready to donate his bone marrow.

B. He stayed at the twins home till the next day.

C. He has succeeded in helping two German patients.

D. He knew who his bone marrow was donated to well.

4.We can infer from the passage that the twins_____.

A. continue to undergo chemotherapy

B. went to Germany to thank Gruda.

C. go to hospital to get re-examined frequently.

D. have completely recovered from their disease

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12.Claustrophobia
Claustrophobia,or fear of enclosed spaces,is one of the most common fears.Claustrophobia can be deep fear or even panic as a result of being in a small space.
Claustrophobia can develop after a troubling childhood experience ( such as being trapped in a small space during a childhood game),or from another unpleasant experience later on in life related to small spaces ( such as being stuck in a lift).(71)DThis response then becomes programmed in the brain,making an association between being in a tight space and feeling anxious or out-of-control.As a result,the person often develops claustrophobia.
According to Mark Powers,Ph.D.,Associate Professor of Psychology at Southern Methodist University,"Claustrophobia is a specific fear and not a type of panic disorder.The primary specific danger forecasts for claustrophobia are that either the person will be trapped or run out of air."
(72)GClaustrophobia symptoms can include:sweating,accelerated heartbeat,upset stomach,passing out,light-headedness,shaking,breathing problem,etc.
Some common situations can cause anxiety in claustrophobia sufferers.The claustrophobia sufferer will look for an exit when inside a room,avoid driving on the highway or major roads where there is heavy traffic when inside a car,avoid taking lifts when inside a building,or stand near a door when at a party.(73)E
Claustrophobia can have harmful social and psychological effects,since the patient will often avoid situations in which she thinks she will have an anxiety attack,leading to hiding and sadness.
(74)A According to Dr.Powers,"Exposure treatment,a form of mind-behavioral treatment,usually results in a total reduction in anxiety symptoms if conducted properly."
Flooding is a type of exposure treatment in which the person is exposed to a situation until the anxiety attack passes; a less extreme form of exposure treatment is counter-conditioning.Counter conditioning includes behavior treatment,as the person is taught visualization and relaxation techniques before being slowly reintroduced to the cause situation.
(75)FMedications to help treat claustrophobia include things which help to ease the heart pounding often associated with anxiety attacks.

A.The good news is that claustrophobia is very treatable.
B.The past experience can trace back to the moment of birth.
C.According to some doctors,claustrophobia is worse than the fear of heights.
D.When a person experiences such an event,it can often cause a frightening panic attack.
E.In extreme cases,the very sight of a closed door can lead to feelings of anxiety in a person.
F.Treatment for claustrophobia can also include medication or a combination of several treatments.
G.When a person with claustrophobia finds herself in a restricted space,her body responds in certain ways.

When Julio Diaz stepped off the subway platform after work one night, he was simply planning to walk over to his ______ local diner for a meal. But when a teenager boy ______ him with a knife, Diaz knew the evening was about to take a more ______ turn.

The young man ______ Diaz’s wallet, and Diaz passed it over without ______. But just as the robber turned to walk away, Diaz called after him: “Hey, wait a minute. You forgot something.”

The robber turned around, ______.

“If you’re going to be ______ people for the rest of the night, you might as well take my coat to keep you ______.”

The teenager looked at Diaz in ______, and asked why he would do such a thing. Diaz ______, “If you’re willing to risk your ______ for a few dollars, then I guess you must really need the money.” He told the young man that he’d just been heading out for dinner, and that he would be happy for some ______.

The young robber decided to take Diaz up on his ______, and they headed into Diaz’s favorite local haunt (常去的地方) together. As they were sitting at the table, the manager, the dishwashers, and the ______ all said hello to Diaz, and the young man was ______ at his popularity. “You’re even nice to the dishwashers!” he exclaimed.

“Haven’t you been taught that you should be nice to everybody?” Diaz asked him.

“Yes, but I didn’t think people actually ______ that way,” the teenager replied. Thanks to Diaz, he was beginning to see that ______ wasn’t such a strange phenomenon.

When the bill came, Diaz told the teenager that he’d have to pay for the meal. After all, he still had Diaz’s ______.

But the teenager slid the wallet back across the table without a moment’s thought, and Diaz ______ him to dinner. Diaz also gave the would-be robber a $20 bill to take with him—in ______ for the young man’s knife.

“I figure, you know, if you treat people right, you can only hope that they treat you right.” Diaz said.

1.A. popular B. favorite C. perfect D. wonderful

2.A. approved B. provided C. combined D. approached

3.A. dramatic B. smooth C. natural D. academic

4.A. picked B. demanded C. returned D. obtained

5.A. objection B. doubt C. exception D. invitation

6.A. excited B. relaxed C. surprised D. satisfied

7.A. greeting B. troubling C. robbing D. stealing

8.A. healthy B. warm C. glad D. rich

9.A. disbelief B. sorrow C. horror D. danger

10.A. reacted B. repeated C. recited D. replied

11.A. confidence B. peace C. freedom D. burden

12.A. comfort B. company C. assistance D. devotion

13.A. trick B. advice C. trap D. offer

14.A. nurses B. students C. waiters D. farmers

15.A. amazed B. bored C. tired D. interested

16.A. responded B. discovered C. chose D. behaved

17.A. happiness B. kindness C. darkness D. loneliness

18.A. wallet B. coat C. bag D. Hat

19.A. advised B. compared C. treated D. led

20.A. charge B. control C. support D. exchange

More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年) before going to university. It used to be the “year off” between school and university. The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.

This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service (UCAS).

That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,” he said.

But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students (NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to£15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacating periods,” he said.

1.What do we learn about the gap year from the text?

A. It is flexible in length.

B. It is a time for relaxation

C. It is increasingly popular

D. It is required by universities

2.According to Tony Higgins, students taking a gap year ____.

A. are better prepared for college studies

B. know a lot more about their future job

C. are more likely to leave university in debt

D. have a better chance to enter top universities

3.How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?

A. He’s puzzled B. He’s worried

C. He’s surprised D. He’s annoyed

4.What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?

A. Attend additional courses.

B. Make plans for the new term

C. Earn money for their education

D. Prepare for their graduate studies

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