Question

I.阅读理解

A [2.015 "绥化市三校高三联考]

While success is surely sweeter than failure, it seems failure is a far better teacher, and organizations that fail mis?erably often flourish (繁荣)more in the long run, according to a new study by Vinit Desai, assistant professor of manage?ment at the University of Colorado Denver Business School. Researchers have found that people missing their goals per?form much better in the long run. That is because they gain more knowledge from their failures than their successes and the lessons are more likely to stay longer in their minds.

"We found that the knowledge gained from success was often fleeting while knowledge from failure stuck around for years," said professor Desai, who led the study. "But compa?nies often ignore failure. Managers may fire people or turn over the whole workforce while they should treat the failure as a learning opportunity.，，

Professor Desai compared the flights of the space shuttle Atlantis and the Challenger. During the Atlantis' flight last year, a piece of insulation(绝缘体）broke off and damaged the left solid rocket booster (火箭助推器）but didn't influ?ence the programme. There was little investigation. The Challenger was launched next and another piece of insulation broke off. This time the shuttle and its seven-person crew were destroyed. The disaster led to a major investigation re?sulting in 29 changes to prevent future disasters.

The difference in response in the two cases came down to this ： Atlantis was considered a success and the Challenger a failure.

"Despite crowded skies, airlines are extremely reliable," he said. " The number of failures is extremely small. And past researches have shown that older airlines, those with more experience in failure, have a lower number of acci?dents. "

Professor Desai doesn't recommend finding out failure in order to learn. Instead, he advises organizations to analyse small failures to collect useful information rather than wait for major failures.

1. Why did experts pay little attention to the problem of At?lantis?

 A.     Because it worked perfectly.

B.     Because the right booster was still OK.

C.     Because nothing serious happened then.

D.     Because fewer people died in the flight.

2.Fewer accidents happen to older airlines in that . 

A. their planes couldn't fly high in the sky

 B.      they gained much from experience in failure

C.      their planes were often checked by the experts

D.     they were unpopular among passengers

 3.The passage is written mainly to_____________ .

 A.     show failure is a better teacher than success

B.     explain why the Challenger failed

C.     introduce something about Professor Desai

D.     tell managers how to achieve success

4.Which writing strategy is NOT used in developing the passage?

 A.     Giving definitions.

B.     Making comparisons.

C.     Analysing causes.

D.     Providing different examples.

Answer 1

I.阅读理解

A [文章大意]本文是一篇社会生活类文章，通过几个例子说明了我们从失败中比在成功中学到的更多。因为失败后，我们会去总结经验教训，避免以后发生类似的事情。

1.C细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容可知，虽然Atlantis上的一块绝缘体掉了，但是并没有影响整个进程。C项"没有发生什么严重的事情"符合文章描述。故选C项。

2. B细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句"And past re-searches have shown that older airlines, those with more experi?ence in failure, have a lower number of accidents."可知，老牌航空公司出的事故少，是因为它们在失败中获得了更多的经验。故选B项。

3. A主旨大意题。文章围绕"为什么人们从失败中学到的更多"展开论述。故选A项。

4.A推理判断题。文章提到两个宇宙飞船的事例的时候，运用了对比、分析（原因）以及举例等写作手法。整篇文章没有用到下定义的写作手法。故选A项。