题目内容
14．It is believed that the success of humans as a species depends to a large extent on our ability to cooperate in groups．Much more so than any other animal，people are able to coordinate and join their forces and actions to produce mutual（共同的） benefits．New research involving Dr Lucas Molleman，an expert at the University of Nottingham，suggests that successful cooperation in groups depends on how people gather information about their peers，and how they base their cooperative decisions on it．
Biologists wonder how cooperation could have developed by natural selection：It is puzzling how cooperation can be beneficial when it is possible to behave selfishly and take advantage of the cooperative efforts of your group．Psychologists and economists try hard to understand why many people are willing to sacrifice their own welfare to benefit their social environment．
Dr Molleman，from the center for Decision Research and Experimental Economics，said，"The question that our research tries to answer is：‘How do people make decisions when their actions can affect the welfare of others？'More specifically，we want to know how people determine their behavior when they have to cooperate in groups．"In these situations，a beneficial outcome for the whole group can be achieved if everyone cooperates．Individually，however，people might be better off by making selfish choices．It is possible that people pay close attention to their fellow group mates when they make decisions．For instance，they cooperate if others also cooperate，but act selfishly when others do not cooperate．
Dr Pieter Van Den Berg from the University of Groningen said，"From previous research we know that some people are‘majority-oriented （以多数人为方向的）'and tend to look at the behavior of the majority in their group，whereas others are‘success-oriented'and try to find out what kind of behavior pays off best for themselves．"
Dr Molleman said，"It turns out that behavior in groups of success-oriented people was much more selfish than it in groups of majority-oriented people．As a consequence，the people in the majority-oriented groups tended to earn more money in the experiment since they cooperated more．"
28．According to the passage，what is special about human being？B
A．They are likely to communicate well with others．
B．They are capable of working together with others．
C．They are strong to survive some natural disasters．
D．They are easy to get access to various information．
29．What does the underlined word"it"in paragraph 2refer to？C
A．Research．
B．Cooperation．
C．Information．
D．Group．
30．The author writes Paragraph 4 toA．
A．let us know how people make cooperative decisions
B．show us the importance of cooperative decisions
C．tell us how to make other people cooperate in a group
D．remind us of the advantages of cooperating with each other
31．From the passage，we can infer thatD．
A．people are more concerned about which group they are supposed to select
B．the efforts of success-oriented people are more likely to pay off
C．people make a wise decision based on observing others'behaviors carefully
D．people perform differently when they make decisions．
分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了人的特点是他们能够与其他人一起工作，在合作的决定上不同的人的表现不同．
解答 28．B．细节理解题．根据第一段Much more so than any other animal，people are able to coordinate and join their forces and actions to produce mutual（共同的） benefits可知人的特点是他们能够与其他人一起工作；故选B．
29．C．词义猜测题．根据第二段suggests that successful cooperation in groups depends on how people gather information about their peers，and how they base their cooperative decisions on it建议在小组合作成功取决于人们如何收集同行的信息，以及他们如何为自己的合作决策上；可知意为信息；故选C．
30．A．段落大意题．根据第四段It is possible that people pay close attention to their fellow group mates when they make decisions．For instance，they cooperate if others also cooperate，but act selfishly when others do not cooperate可知作者写4段让我们知道人们是如何合作的决定；故选A．
31．D．推理判断题．根据第四段It is possible that people pay close attention to their fellow group mates when they make decisions．For instance，they cooperate if others also cooperate，but act selfishly when others do not cooperate可知人们做决定时表现不同；故选D．
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
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5．As its economy is maturing，China's a greater role in critical issues like climate and development．（ ）
| A． | defining | B． | assuming | C． | guaranteeing | D． | assuring |
2．We see the world in three dimensions．Now，we can print in three dimensionst，too，thanks to a manufacturing process：3D priming．
3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file．
The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive piocesses．In an additive process an object is created by laying down successive （连续的 ） layers of material until the object is created．Each of these layers can be seen as a thinly sliced horizon till （水平的）cross-section of the eventual object．Today's 3D printers are being used to print everything from design models to jewelry，crafts，product parts，body parts，and even food．
3D printing starts with making a virtual design of the object you want to create．This virtual design is for instance a CAD （Computer Aided Design） file．This CAD file is created using a 3D modeling application or with a 3D scanner （to copy an existing object）．A 3D scanner can make a 3D digital copy of m object．
You will have to prepare a 3D model before it is ready to be 3D printed．This is what they call slicing．Slicing is dividing a 3D model into hundreds or thousands of horizontal layers and needs to be done with software．
Sometimes a 3D model can be sliced from within a 3D modeling software application．It is also possible that you are forced to use a certain slicing tool for a certain 3D printer，
When the 3D model is sliced，you are ready to feed it to your 3D printer．This can be done via USB．SD or WiFi．It really depends on what brand and type 3D printer you have．
When a file is uploaded in a 3D printer．the object is ready to be 3D printed layer by layer．I'he 3D printer reads every slice（2D image） and creates a three dimensional object．
Before you pick up a 3D printer and experimenting in the 3D world，consider how big the objects you might want to create，If your goal is to print foot-long rulers，you'll fall short of that goal if the printer you choose can only handle objects smaller 6inches in height and width．
Another reality check is print speed．，You'll be able to knock out a days worth of chores（琐事）while the primer is running，with a typical 4-inch model requiring as many as 12 hours to print．As with ordinary printers，print speed also depends on how well it prints．
Title：A liegiliners'Gmk to 3D Printing．
3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file．
The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive piocesses．In an additive process an object is created by laying down successive （连续的 ） layers of material until the object is created．Each of these layers can be seen as a thinly sliced horizon till （水平的）cross-section of the eventual object．Today's 3D printers are being used to print everything from design models to jewelry，crafts，product parts，body parts，and even food．
3D printing starts with making a virtual design of the object you want to create．This virtual design is for instance a CAD （Computer Aided Design） file．This CAD file is created using a 3D modeling application or with a 3D scanner （to copy an existing object）．A 3D scanner can make a 3D digital copy of m object．
You will have to prepare a 3D model before it is ready to be 3D printed．This is what they call slicing．Slicing is dividing a 3D model into hundreds or thousands of horizontal layers and needs to be done with software．
Sometimes a 3D model can be sliced from within a 3D modeling software application．It is also possible that you are forced to use a certain slicing tool for a certain 3D printer，
When the 3D model is sliced，you are ready to feed it to your 3D printer．This can be done via USB．SD or WiFi．It really depends on what brand and type 3D printer you have．
When a file is uploaded in a 3D printer．the object is ready to be 3D printed layer by layer．I'he 3D printer reads every slice（2D image） and creates a three dimensional object．
Before you pick up a 3D printer and experimenting in the 3D world，consider how big the objects you might want to create，If your goal is to print foot-long rulers，you'll fall short of that goal if the printer you choose can only handle objects smaller 6inches in height and width．
Another reality check is print speed．，You'll be able to knock out a days worth of chores（琐事）while the primer is running，with a typical 4-inch model requiring as many as 12 hours to print．As with ordinary printers，print speed also depends on how well it prints．
Title：A liegiliners'Gmk to 3D Printing．
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