Question

15．Children are always taught not to argue with adults for generations． However，new research shows that young teenagers who are taught to argue（36）Aare more likely to resist peer pressure to use drugs and alcohol later in（37）C．
"It turns out that what goes on in the（38）Bis actually a training ground for teens in terms of how to（39）Dagreements with other people，"said Joseph Allen，the lead author of the study． He added that teens should learn they can be taken（40）Bthough discussions with their parents．
      Sometimes，it can be unnatural for parents to（41）Ctheir teens to argue with them． But learningeffective argumentation（42）Acan help teenagers learn to become more （43）Dand how to protectthemselves．
    The study observed 150 13-year-old engaging in arguments，and then （44）Athe same participants three years later about（45）Bwith drugs and alcohol．
    At 13，the teenagers were（46）Csummarizing disagreements between themselves and their mothers．The recordings were then replayed for the mothers to hear．
    The（47）Abetween them would go on to be discussed． The topic would（48）Dfrom household rules to grades to monthly allowances．Once the discussion was （49）Bagain，researchers filmed the teens and their mothers for eight minutes．Teenagers who displayed confidence and used reasons to（50）Ctheir statements were more likely to have refused drugs or alcohol．
    Allen recommended parents should teach their children how to effectively（51）Dtheir thoughts and emotions during conflicts，which in turn teaches children to stand up to （52）Binfluence outside of the home．（53）Atheir viewpoints don't line up，the teens are going to be able take those skills into other environments． Parents should also teach by examples and（54）Cgood discussion practices for their children．
"If they're able to learn how to be confident and persuasive with their（55）B，they'll be able to do the same with peers，"Allen said．

36．A． effectively	B． cleverly	C． actively	D．emotionally
37．A． babyhood	B． childhood	C． adolescence	D．neighborhood
38．A． office	B． family	C． school	D．house
39．A．link	B． share	C． change	D．reach
40．A． properly	B． seriously	C． correctly	D．carefully
41．A． admit	B． forbid	C． allow	D．stop
42．A． skills	B． purposes	C． reasons	D．results
43．A． trustful	B． legal	C． humorous	D．confident
44．A． researched	B． advised	C． persuaded	D．warned
45．A． satisfactions	B． experiences	C． intentions	D．desires
46．A． tracked	B． kept	C． recorded	D．considered
47．A． disagreements	B． discussions	C． debates	D．agreements
48．A． shift	B． move	C． turn	D．range
49．A． raised	B． started	C． prevented	D．continued
50．A． present	B． stress	C． support	D．tell
51．A． prove	B．list	C． develop	D．express
52．A． fierce	B． negative	C． positive	D．cruel
53．A． Even if	B． As long as	C． As soon as	D．In case
54．A． conclude	B． hang	C． show	D．lead
55．A． classmates	B． parents	C． relatives	D．friends
55．A．classmates	B．parents	C．relatives	D．friends

Answer 1

分析 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了孩子们一代代地被告知不可与大人争辩．本文通过孩子们与大人争辩会缓解压力为话题，最终证明，对于青少年来说，家里实际上就是训练如何和别人为达成一致意见而进行争辩的训练场．并建议父母们要教给孩子们如何在解决矛盾时有效表达自己的看法和情感．这样反过来还可以教给孩子抵制家庭之外的不良影响．

解答 36-40 ACBDB        41-45 CADAB         46-50 CADBC         51-55 DBACB
36．A  考查形容词词义辨析．孩子们一代代地被告知不可与大人争辩．然而，新的研究表明那些被告知与大人进行有效争辩的青少年更有可能在青春期抵制来自同辈的吸毒和酗酒的压力．A项 effectively"有效地"；B项 cleverly"聪明地"；C项 actively"积极地，活跃地"；D项emotionally"感情上地，冲动地"．根据第三段中的effective argumentation可知答案为A项．故选A．
37．C  考查名词词义辨析．通篇都在讲青少年（adolescence）的问题，所以答案为C项adolescence，意为"青春期"．A项 babyhood"婴儿期"；B项 childhood"童年，幼年"；C项adolescence"青少年"；D项"邻近，邻居，附近"．故选C．
38．B  考查名词词义辨析．Office办公室；family家庭；school学校；house房子．最终证明，对于青少年来说，家里（family）实际上就是训练如何和别人为达成一致意见而进行争辩的训练场．根据后文through discussions with their parents可知应该是和父母讨论或争辩．故选B．
39．D  考查动词词义辨析．Link有关联；share分享；change改变；reach到达．根据句意训练如何和别人为达成（reach）一致意见而进行争辩的训练场．reach an agreement/agreements（with sb．）"（与某人）达成一致意见"．故选D．
40．B  考查形容词词义辨析．他补充说青少年应该知道，通过和父母进行讨论或争辩，才能使自己受到父母的重视．A项 properly"适当地，正确地"；B项 seriously"严肃地，认真地"；C项 correctly"正确地"；D项 carefully"仔细地，认真地"．take sb．seriously"认真对待某人"．故选B．
41．C  考查动词词义辨析．Admit承认；forbid禁止；allow允许；stop停止．有时对于父母来说，允许（allow）孩子们和自己争辩会显得很不自然．allow sb．to do sth．"允许某人做某事"．故选C．
41．A  考查名词词义辨析．但是学习有效争辩的技能（skills）能够帮助青少年变得更自信（confident），并学会保护自己．A项 skills"技能，技巧"；B项 purposes"目标，目的"；C项 reasons"原因，理由"；D项results"结果"．因为学会争辩是一种技能．故选A．
43．D  考查形容词词义辨析．根据句意，帮助青少年变得更自信（confident），并学会保护自己．可知答案为D项confident，意为"有信心的"．A项 trustful"相信的，信任的"；B项legal"合法的，合乎逻辑的"；C项 humorous"幽默的"．故选D．
44．A  考查动词词义辨析．这项研究总共观察了150名13岁的参加争辩的青少年．三年后，再次研究（researched）这些青少年的吸毒和酗酒经历（experiences）．A项"研究，探究"；B项"建议"；C项"劝服，说服"；D项"警告"．故选A．
45．B  考查动词词义辨析．根据句意，这些青少年的吸毒和酗酒经历（experiences）．可知答案为B项experience，表示"经历，体验"．A项"满意"；C项"打算，计划"；D项"要求，渴望，愿望"．故选B
46．C  考查动词词义辨析．13岁时，这些青少年和母亲之间的分歧被记录（recorded）下来．根据后文的recordings 可知答案为C项recorded，意为"记录"．A项 tracked"追踪，跟踪"；B项 kept"保留，贮存"；D项 considered"考虑，认为"．故选C．
47．A  考查名词词义辨析．由上文内容，这些青少年和母亲之间的分歧被记录（recorded）下来．可知此处应该选择A项disagreements，表示"分歧，不一致"．B项discussions"讨论"；C项debates"辩论"；D项agreements"一致，协议"．故选A．
48．D  考查固定搭配．shift移动；move搬动；turn转动．根据句意辩论的话题从家规到分数到每月的零花钱．range from"在…范围内变化"．故选D．
49．B  考查动词词义辨析．Raised养育；started开始；prevented阻止；continued继续．根据句意，一旦再次开始（started）讨论，可知答案为B项，表示讨论再次"开始"．故选B
50．C  考查动词词义辨析．那些自信并能用各种理由支持（support）自己陈述内容的青少年拒绝毒品和酗酒的可能性更大．A项prevent"展示，呈现，赠送"；B stress强调"；C项 support"支持，赞成"；D项tell"告知，区分"．根据该句中的reasons可知这些理由是用来支持（support）观点的，故选C．
51．D  考查动词词义辨析．Prove证明；list列清单；develop发展；express表达．艾伦建议父母们要教给孩子们如何在解决矛盾时有效表达（express）自己的看法和情感．这样反过来还可以教给孩子抵制家庭之外的不良影响．express one's thoughts"表达自己的观点或看法"．故选D．
52．B  考查形容词词义辨析．根据句意，这样反过来还可以教给孩子抵制家庭之外的不良影响．可知答案为B项negative，意为"消极的，否定的"．A项 fierce"凶猛的，猛烈的"；C项 positive"积极的，正面的"；D项cruel"残忍的，残酷的"．故选B．
53．A  考查连词词义辨析．Even if即使；as long as只要；as soon as一…就；in case假如．即便（even if）是他们的观点无法达成一致，这些青少年也可以将这些技能用在其他的辩论环境中．分析句意可知答案为A项even if，引导让步状语从句．故选A．
54．C  考查动词词义辨析．Conclude推断；hang悬挂；show展示；lead导致．父母也应该多用实例教育孩子并为他们展示（show）好的辩论方法．show sth．for sb．"为某人展示…"．故选C．
55．B  考查名词词义辨析．Classmates同学；parents父母；relatives亲戚；friends朋友．如果他们能够学会如何在和父母（parents）争辩时变得自信和有说服力，那么他们就一定也能够在同辈人面前如此．根据上文内容可知，青少年应该是先在家里学会如何辩论，故选B．

点评 本文重点考查考生根据上下文来进行逻辑推理和判断的能力．平时要养成在上下文串联中猜测词义的能力，根据上下文中出现的同义词，近义词，反义词，以及词义的解释来理解生词．注意名词、动词及形容词这三类词的词义辨析．